Ngenxa yoku, kufuneka babe namava kuhlalutyo nokutolikwa kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesicatshulwa soncwadi, nokuba ziiinoveli okanye ziincwadi zaso nasiphi na isifundo, ukuze babe nokuqonda okungcono kwento ekufanele ukuba idluliselwe kulo msebenzi wokubhala.
Kukho ubume ekudalweni kwabo, okuququzelela le nkqubo. Amanyathelo aya kukhankanywa ngokulandelelana kwawo, ukuba abe sisikhokelo sabo banqwenela ukuqala kwihlabathi lokuhlomla kuncwadi, okona, ngamava, enikiweyo kukufunda.
Imiba ethile kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, enje ngentsingiselo yoluvo loncwadi, iindidi zoku, ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo kumlobi ofanayo, kunye nenkqubo ekhuthazwayo.
Yintoni uluvo loncwadi?
Imalunga nokubhalwa phantsi kolu luvo lubonelelwe kukufunda, ukuvumela ukuba kuchazwe kwaye kunikwe intsingiselo entsha kuko, okanye ukukuphucula, ngokoluvo lomntu ngamnye.
La magqabantshintshi anenjongo yokuba umntu ophetheyo ekuwulungiseleleni, emva kokufunda umsebenzi woncwadi, anakho ukuveza iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga zabo malunga nolwazi umbhali alushiye lushicilelwe, ngaloo ndlela ephumelela, egxeka okanye exhasa ngendlela yobuqu.
Iindidi zenkcazo zoncwadi
Izimvo zasimahla: ulwakhiwo lwayo lushiyelwa kwingqiqo yomntu onqwenela ukuyibhala, eya kuthi ichaze ngendlela acinga ukuba yeyona ilungileyo, ayinike intsingiselo yayo.
Izimvo ekujoliswe kuzo: Isekwe ekuziphenduleni komntu ofuna ukuphawula, ekwakheni imibuzo ngokwento efundwe encwadini, oku kufuna ingqwalaselo enkulu xa kufundwa, kunye nohlalutyo oluchanekileyo lolwazi.
La magqabantshintshi abonakaliswa ngokubhalwa ngokucacileyo, kuba ayinakwenziwa ngomlomo, ngesizathu esilula sokuba sifuna ukuveza umbono ofunyenwe ngokufunda umsebenzi wokoqobo.
Iingcebiso zokwenza izimvo zoncwadi
Ukuququzelela inkqubo yokubeka izimvo ngokoqobo, ezinye zezi ngcebiso kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo, eziya kuthi zikhokelele kwabo bantu bangaziyo ukuba baqale phi okanye baphelele kumendo olungileyo.
Phambi kokuba uqale ukubhala inkcazo yoncwadi okt, owona msebenzi uphambili kwesi sikhokelo, kufuneka uququzelele kwaye uhlalutye iingcinga eziphambili zenoveli okanye zencwadi.
- Ulwakhiwo: Umzimba wamagqabantshintshi kufuneka wakhiwe njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesicatshulwa, ubeke intshayelelo, ukukhula kwesihloko, abalinganiswa abafanelekileyo, uhlalutyo lweemeko ezichazwe emsebenzini, ngokucacileyo zichazwe, kunye nesiphelo sayo yonke into.
- Khanyisa Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuziqhelanisa noku ngawona magama afanelekileyo, okanye abo intsingiselo yabo ingaziwa, ukuze babe nokuthathela ingqalelo, okanye bajonge intsingiselo yabo ngaphambi kokuba baqale ngeempawu zesicatshulwa.
- Phinda ufunde: Ukufunda isicatshulwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunceda ukusiqonda ngcono, kunye nokufumana umahluko omncinci ongafumanekiyo ngokufaka nje ukufunda, ke eli nyathelo akufuneki lingahoywa.
Emva kokusebenzisa la manyathelo ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uthathele ingqalelo ukufaneleka kwawo xa usenza uluvo loncwadi, nokufundisa ukufunda, ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
- Intshayelelo: Isishwankathelo esincinci senziwe ngayo yonke into eza kukhankanywa kumagqabantshintshi, njengolona lwazi lubalulekileyo kule ncwadi, olona lufanelekileyo kuyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezishiyekileyo kumbono wombhali.
- Uphuhliso lwesihloko: Emva kokwenza ingcaciso emfutshane ngokubanzi malunga nokubekwa elubala, kufanele ukwenziwa, ukuyicacisa ngemilinganiselo emihle kunye nokucinga ngokuhlalutya.
- Chaza iimpawu: njengobuni besicatshulwa, uhlobo lomntu othethayo, amagama abalinganiswa abaphambili, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
- Ulwahlulo lolwazi: siqhubeka ukubiza igama lomntu ngamnye, njengegama lomntu ophambili, wabalinganiswa abasesekondari, abaphezulu, xa umbalisi womdlalo ethetha.
- Iimvakalelo eziqulathwe emsebenzini: Ababhali babhala imisebenzi yabo ngesiqhelo ngokusekwe kumava, ebakhumbuza ngamava, abangela iimvakalelo ezinokuba lusizi, ukonwaba, umsindo, ekufuneka uchongiwe, kuba sisihloko esibalulekileyo kolu hlobo lwezimvo.
- Izixhobo zoncwadi: Ukuba sisicatshulwa, izibonelelo zoncwadi ezifana nesikweko, imfanozandi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zazisetyenziselwa ukuyilwa kwazo, eziqheleke kakhulu xa kubaliswa amabali alo naluphi na uhlobo, kwaye ziyimfuneko ngexesha lokubhalwa.
- Isiphelo: Olu lwazi luphinda lushwankathelwe, kodwa ngeli xesha lizama ukugxininisa koko kufundwe kuwo onke amava, kugqamisa ezona ziganeko zichaphazelekayo, kunye neemvakalelo umfundi avele kuzo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Okwangoku ukuba sele ikulungele ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka iphononongwe iphindaphindwe, ukuze ifezekise ukugqibelela kwayo, ihlale isazi isakhiwo, ekufuneka senziwe ngendlela echanekileyo nelungelelanisiweyo njengoko kumisiwe, kujongwa upelo kunye negrama.
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyifunde amatyeli aliqela ngokuvakalayo, ukuze wazi ukuba iyavakala kwaye iyaqondakala.
Yintoni ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa uzenza?
Ukuphuhlisa uluvo lwangempela, oku kulandelayo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo:
- Ukuqonda isihloko: ngale nto, kufuneka uyifunde iphindaphindwe itekisi, nokuba kufuneka kangaphi, ukuze iqondwe ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ulwazi lolwazi: ezifana nohlobo loncwadi olusetyenzisiweyo emsebenzini, iimpawu zombhali kunye nezo azisebenzisayo, kunye nexesha elenzeka ngalo ibali.
- Hlahlela: Uhlalutyo kufuneka lusetyenziswe kulo lonke ulwazi olunikezelwayo, ukuze sazi ngokugqibeleleyo iimpawu zabalinganiswa kunye nophuhliso lwebali, ukuze sikwazi ukwenza izishwankathelo, kunye neenqobo zokuziphatha ngokubhekisele kwezi, siqonde into a Amagqabantshintshi.
- Uluvo lomntu: ngokusisiseko yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke lo msebenzi, kuba usekwe ekubonakaliseni umbono okanye inqobo yesihloko esithile, ke ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa uluvo lomntu ngamnye.