IMexico lilizwe eliqwalaselwe ngaphakathi Uluhlu lwamazwe ali-17 kwihlabathi liphela adweliswe njenge-megadiverse, intsingiselo yayo kukuba yenye yeendawo ezigcina ezona ndawo zininzi zenzululwazi kwihlabathi, kwaye oku kungenxa yendawo ekuyo eyimfuneko kubomi bezinto ezininzi eziphilayo.
Ngokwamacandelo akhethekileyo kuphando lokusingqongileyo elizweni, ubukho beentlobo ezili-10 ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo zibiziwe, nganye kuzo ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezihlala kuzo kunye neempawu ezizodwa.
Ukuwuqonda kancinci lo mbandela, kuyafuneka ukuba wazi umxholo kunye nento ethethwa yi-ecosystem, kungathiwa Inkcazo yekota yintsimi ethile okanye isahlulo somhlaba omiwe zizidalwa eziphilayo ezahlukeneyoKanye nezinto ezingaphiliyo zebhayiloji ezinje ngee minerali, umhlaba, imozulu, ubushushu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ziyabandakanyeka.
Iinkqubo zendalo zithathwa njengezibaluleke kakhulu kulungelelwaniso lwendalo, nangona kuthathwe ebantwini ngokwembono eyahlukileyo, kuba izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zexabiso elinokufunyanwa kuzo, yiyo loo nto bezixhaphazile. kude kufike iimeko ezibeka emngciphekweni ubukho bezinto ezithile kunye ne-ikhosistim ngokubanzi.
Inkqubo ye-ecosystem efumaneka eMexico
Oku kulandelayo kuya kuboniswa I-10 ecosystems ezinokufunyanwa kwindawo yelizwe elimangalisayo laseMexico. Makuqatshelwe iyantlukwano enkulu ekhoyo kuzo, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ithathwa njengelizwe elijikelezayo.
Amahlathi omileyo
Ikwabizwa ngokuba ngamahlathi akweleenjiko, axhathisa kakhulu ngamaxesha embalela kuba kwezi ndawo imozulu ihlala ifumile kunesiqhelo. Indlela ejongeka ngayo iyatshintsha kuba imvula ithanda ukwenza utyani lutshintshe ngokubonakalayo. Amahlathi akweleenjiko okanye amahlathi awomileyo afumaneka kumantla eYucatan, kwithafa eliselunxwemeni lwePasifiki, nakwizitya zaseBalsas.
Amahlathi afumileyo
Ezi zifana nje namahlathi omileyo zikwabizwa ngokuba ngamahlathi akweleenjiko, nangona unokubona utyani ohlukileyo kolo beluchazwe ngaphambili. Kuthiwa kule ndawo yezinto eziphilayo apho elona nani likhulu lezilwanyana ezanyisayo eMexico ngokubanzi, kunye notyani. Ezi zinokufumaneka kumazantsi-ntshona welizwe laseLatin American, ekukho inkxalabo enkulu kwicala leengcali kuba ingummandla otyebe kakhulu kubutyebi obusetyenziswa kwicandelo lezemveliso kwaye ke uninzi lwayo luye lwanyamalala ., Ngelixa i-70% yento eseleyo ikwimeko embi.
Amachibi aselunxwemeni
La madike athathwa njengabaluleke kakhulu kwindalo yaseMexico kuba iingcali ziqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza njengendawo yokugcina izinto zendalo ezinokuthi zisongele ukuthembeka kwelizwe. Amachibi aselunxwemeni yimizimba evaliweyo yamanzi olwandle anokuba nzulu kakhulu, amanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 yeemitha ubunzulu sele abonwa. Ngokwezibalo zokugqibela ezenziweyo, kukho malunga ne-125 lagons yale ndlela kuwo wonke ummandla.
Amahlathi anamafu
Amahlathi asemafini abaluleke kakhulu kubuninzi beentlobo zezityalo ezikhoyo eMexico, kwaye okwangoku kukho inkxalabo enkulu kuba phantse isiqingatha sayo yonke le ecosystem ilahlekile ngenxa yokuxhaphaza izibonelelo zendalo. Le ecosystem ikwalikhaya elimalunga ne-10% yazo zonke izityalo ezikhoyo eMexico kwaye ligubungela i-1% yelizwe lonke.
Amahlathi ashushu
La mahlathi athathwa njengeyona ndawo intle yendalo enokubakho kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye kule ndawo kukho ubuncinci isiqingatha sazo zonke iintlobo zemipayini emhlabeni ezinama-50 ahlukeneyo kuzo zonke izandiso zawo, kwaye Ilikhaya elingaphezulu kwamawaka asixhenxe eentlobo zezityalo, nangona ingakhululwanga ekutshatyalalisweni, kuba kuqikelelwa ukuba ubuncinci i-7% yayo iyatshatyalaliswa. Amahlathi ashushu agubungela iipesenti ezili-20 zommandla opheleleyo waseMexico.
Ingca
Kwindawo ezinengca, ukusebenza kwabantu kunokujongwa kubuninzi, kuba zifikeleleka ngokulula kwimisebenzi efana nemfuyo kunye nezolimo. Ezona ntlobo zezityalo zixhaphakileyo kwezi ndawo ngamatyholo nemithi emincinci, kwaye ikwalikhaya kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana. Oku kubekwe emantla ntshona kwaye kugubungela malunga ne-6% yommandla wonke.
Imihlume
Imangrove yindawo ehlala izityalo nezinto eziphilayo enokuthi iqatshelwe kumazwe ali-125 kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ikhusela njengonxweme lwabo banelungelo lokuba ngabanini bazo, zikwangumboniso obonwa ngabantu bonke, inexabiso elininzi labakhenkethi. UMexico ubekwe phakathi kwamazwe amane okuqala ngobuninzi bezinto eziphilayo, nangona ela lizwe lisemngciphekweni wokuxhamla kwezixhobo zonxweme.
Iingqaqa zekorale
Iingqaqa zekorale zizinto eziphilayo ezifumaneka elwandle ezinamakhaya amaninzi eentlobo zezilwanyana zasemanzini kwaye kwangaxeshanye zikhusela uninzi lwazo. EMexico kuqikelelwa ukuba Ubuncinane yi-10% yazo zonke iintlobo zamanzi aselwandle ehlabathini nakunxweme lwayo ngokukodwa kwiGulf yaseMexico nakuLwandle lweCaribbean ubukho beMesoamerican reef buyaqatshelwa, oluyilo lwesibini ngobukhulu besitayile kulo lonke ilizwe, ke ngoko inexabiso labakhenkethi elingenakuthelekiswa nanto kuzo zonke iindwendwe banomdla wokubona. Ngelishwa le ecosystem ayigcinwanga ekuxhatshazweni kwezixhobo okanye ungcoliseko, kwaye ngokwezifundo ezininzi kubonisiwe ukuba kancinci kancinci ezi korale ziyatshatyalaliswa.
Khuhla
EMexico kukho inani elikhulu lezityalo ze-cacti kwaye oku kungenxa yokuba i-ecosystems eyaziwa ngokuba ziingxangxasi zezona ziphambili kule ndawo, kwaye kuzo ungabona inani elikhulu leentaka ze-cactus ezenza nenxalenye enkulu inkcubeko yelizwe., kokubini ngokwembali kunye nasegastronomically kuba eMexico bahlala benika inani elikhulu lezitya ezihamba nezi zityalo okanye ezizisebenzisa njengezona ziphambili.
Amahlathi amakhulu kelp
Njengama-coral reef, ezi zinto ziphilayo zasemanzini kwaye zifumaneka kwiGulf of Mexico nakuLwandle lweCaribbean. Ezi ziindawo apho ulwelwe lunokukhula kwaye lufikelele kubude obungathembakaliyo kodwa obukhoyo, kuba ulwelwe lunokulinganisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezingama-30 ukuphakama kwaye likhaya kwinani elikhulu leentlobo zaselwandle. Ezi algae zikhulu zisebenza njengomqobo okhuselayo kwiintlobo ezininzi kunye nommandla wolwandle kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kubukho bazo.
Zonke I-ecosystems yaseMexico ibaluleke kakhulu kubomi abugcinayo kodwa ngelishwa umntu uye wafuna ukusebenzisa izibonelelo ezikuzo ukuze bakwazi ukuzityebisa nokwenza ubutyebi obukhulu, kodwa kule mihla Sele enziwe amaziko afuna ukukhusela le mimandla yelizwe ukwenzela ukuba bangatshatyalaliswa ngenxa yokuba abaninzi belahlekelwe yinxalenye enkulu yommandla wabo ngenxa yongcoliseko nokusetyenziswa gwenxa