UCatharsis: Ngaba uyazi ukuba ivelaphi kwaye iyintoni kanye intsingiselo yayo?

Umntu ekuhambeni kwakhe ebomini, utyhilelwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zeemeko, iimeko, abantu, iindawo, iimeko. Iyasebenzisana ngendalo, kwaye iyakhula kwimeko apho ifumana okuninzi, kwaye ivela kuyo yonke indawo, apho kufika ixesha lokuwa kwayo. Izele ngendlela, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhangela enye indlela enceda ukukhupha zonke iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo eziphazamisa ukuzola kunye nokuthintela ukukhula kobomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni. Sele kuyiminyaka, kwenziwe izifundo zokufumana isisombululo kolu hlobo lweemeko ezichaphazela abantu abaninzi, ukufumana inkqubela phambili enkulu kwicandelo lezengqondo, xa kufunyaniswa ukuba Kukho iindlela zokucoca ingqondo ngothotho lweendlela eziza kuvavanywa kule posi.

Yintoni icatharsis?

Igama elithi catharsis Kuvela kwi-greek catharsis Oko kuthetha ukuhlanjululwa okanye ukucocwa. Iyaziwa njengenkqubo esetyenzisiweyo kwicandelo lesayensi yezengqondo, kunye nonyango lwengqondo, olwenziwa ebantwini ngokuzazi okanye ngokungazi, ukuze ubahlambulule, susa zonke iimvakalelo zokuziva benetyala, unxunguphalo, iintlungu, unxunguphalo, ukuzisola okanye ukukhathazeka, ngaphakathi Mfutshane, ezo mvakalelo zitya umphefumlo. Ndiyabulela kule nkqubo, abantu banokuthi banciphise usizi lwabo kwaye bazikhulule ngokwasemphefumlweni kubunzima noxinzelelo olwenzileyo.

Imbali yekatharsis

Igama elithi catharsis lazalwa kwiGrisi yamandulo. Xa uAristotle wamnika inkcazo yokuhlanjululwa ngokweemvakalelo, ngokubambisana nangokomoya ngokwamava enceba noloyiko. Ifilosofi endiyibandakanyayo yimibongo yakhe, ye intlekele yakudala, eyayingeyonto engaphaya komsebenzi wombhalo wemidlalo yeqonga, apho abalinganiswa abaphambili babekwa kwimifanekiso babephantsi kweemeko ezibi ezaziphela ngokubulala.

Apho bavakalise ngokucacileyo ekuhambeni kwelenza iimvakalelo zoloyiko, intiyo, umona, usizi, imfesane kunye nothando, ngenjongo yokuba imiboniso ibenzele abaphulaphuli kwaye babone neziphumo zezi zenzo, baziva bechongwe ngabalinganiswa kwaye babone uloyiko lweziphumo ezivela kubo, ngaphandle kokwenza nasiphi na isenzo esingafanelekanga, ukuze, ngale ndlela, babe nakho ukuziqonda ngcono, kwaye bayakuphepha ukuphinda isenzo esakhokelela abo baphambili kwezo ndawo zibulalayo.

Ezi catharses zoncwadi zingabonakaliswa ngemizekelo:

• Olo loyiko imfesane, inkohliso, uvuyo, usizi okanye uthando olunokuvela xa ufunda incwadi okanye ubukele imovie. Uvelwano lwaluvalelwa ngabalinganiswa kwiintsomi.
• Xa iqhawe lisokola okanye liphumelele, zonke iimvakalelo ezivelayo yimizekelo ye-catharsis.

Kamva eli xesha lathathwa ngoochwephesha bezengqondo noJosef Breuer kunye noSigmund Freu, owayibiza ngokuba yindlela yecathartic, ebandakanya ukusebenzisa i-hypnosis kunye nokubeka isigulana ukuba siphinde sibuyele kwiziganeko ezibangele ukwenzakala ngaphambili kwaye ngenxa yoko sikhulule iimvakalelo ezicinezelweyo kunye neemvakalelo ezibangela ukwenzakala kunye noxinzelelo.   

Inkqubo yonyango yonyango ikwaphunyeziwe, apho isayikholojisti, ngemibuzo, yafuna ukufikelela kwimvelaphi yengozi kwaye ngenxa yoko izama ukufumana isisombululo seMeko ngokusisigxina, ukuze izigulana zilushiye unyango lukwazi ukuthetha isifundo ngaphandle kwengxaki, ukuba xa besikhankanya khange baziva naluphi na uhlobo lwentlungu okanye imvakalelo yokuzisola okanye usizi, oko kungqina ukoyisa umothuko, ngokukhupha iimvakalelo ezicinezelweyo kunye nokufezekisa uxolo lwangaphakathi ekulangazelelekileyo. Zombini ezi ndlela zisasebenza nanamhlanje.

Iqhutywa njani inkqubo ye-catharsis?

Phambi kokuqala, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba umntu ngamnye lihlabathi, lahluke ngokupheleleyo omnye komnye, lineengxaki ezizodwa kunye neemfuno, ekufuneka ziphathwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, inkqubo eza kusetyenziswa yahlukile, kwaye iyaqhelana nobuntu, incasa kunye neemfuno.

Kuxhomekeka kukhetho, Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-catharsis  Ingasetyenziselwa ukuqala unyango lweemvakalelo kunye nokufezekisa inkululeko yomoya. Ziinkqubo ezilula, ngaphandle kwendlela ebonakala ngathi inzima ngayo, zinokwenziwa naphina, okoko nje unenjongo yokuphucula. Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziluncedo kakhulu.

• Khangela ukuba ungathetha nabani: Nokuba ungumhlobo, ilungu losapho, okanye ingcali, ukubhengeza yenye yeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhupha amandla ongezelelweyo emzimbeni wakho. Ukwabelana ngexhala kunceda ukwenza umthwalo ungaphantsi kwaye kube lula ukuwuphatha, ukukhulula umzimba woxinzelelo, othi nokuba uthathwe kancinci sisifo esithuleyo esinokuba yingozi empilweni, sibangela izifo, ezinjengentloko, i-anemia, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ukwehla kobunzima, Ukuphuthelwa kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima kunokubangela umhlaza, kunye nokufa kamva.
• Ukuzivocavoca okanye ukudlala imidlalo: ofanelwe ngumzamo omkhulu womzimba, yenza iadrenaline hormone ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-epinephrine, ethi xa ifihliwe, inyuse izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, elibangela ulwazelelo kunye namandla anceda ukukhulula ukungavisisani komzimba.
• Imisebenzi yobugcisa: njengokucula, ukungqungqa okanye ukudlala, kunye nokuzilolonga okanye ukuzilolonga, njengeyoga, zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokuziveza, ukukhulula uxinzelelo, kwaye ngale ndlela ushiye amaxhala akho ngasemva, ufikelele kwimeko yokonwaba nangaphakathi uxolo.
• Ukuhlekisa: ulonwabo, ulonwabo, ukuzihlaziya nokuzonwabisa. Khangela iindlela zokuhleka. Unyango lokuhleka kufunyenwe yenye yezona ndlela zilula kunye nezona zilungileyo zokuyeka ukukhathazeka kunye nokudakumba.