I-Classical physics yeyona ifanelekileyo ukusombulula zonke iingxaki zobuchwephesha bendalo yomntu, kunye nokucacisa ubume benkqubo yelanga kunye nomhlaba wonke iimpendulo ezingonelisiyo kuwo onke amathandabuzo ngendalo.
Namhlanje besifuna ukukunika ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga ne-classical physics ukuze ube nembono yokwenyani malunga nemibuzo eyahlukeneyo evelayo malunga nale sayensi imangalisayo.
I-physics yesiqhelo
Eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwi-physics eyayikho ngaphambi kokubonakala koomatshini be-quantum. amasebe ahlukeneyo okufunda ezinje nge-thermodynamics, optics, acoustics, electromagnetism phakathi kwabanye. I-Classical physics ikwabizwa ngokuba yeyona yayikho ngaphambi ko-1900 kwaye i-physics yanamhlanje ibandakanya iminyaka ye-1900 ukubheka phambili, ukufika koomatshini abasebenza ngobuninzi kunike umbono ocacileyo wefizikiki yeklasi.
Ifiziksi yanamhlanje
Ukwenza ubuzaza ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokucacisa amasebe ahlukeneyo e-physics yeklasikhi, kuyafuneka ukwahlulahlula kwi-physics yanamhlanje.
UMax Planck uqala eyakhe "malini" uphando amandla kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, eyacacisa ukuba inezinto zamandla ezingacacanga.
Kulapho lazalwa khona eli sebe litsha le-physics elifuna ukufundisisa iiyantlukwano ezikhoyo kwii-atom, iindlela zokuziphatha ezahlukeneyo ezenzekayo kwimiba kunye nemikhosi elawula zombini. I-physics yanamhlanje ifunda ngeziganeko ezenzeka ngesantya sokukhanya okanye amaxabiso asondela kuyo.
Kwangokunjalo, iingxaki ezivelayo azinakusonjululwa ngeendlela ezivela kwi-classical physics, kuba oku bakwazi ukuphinda bacinge ngophando kunye nezakhiwo zefizikiki yamandulo kunye nokuhlengahlengisa igama le-physics yanamhlanje kwizifundo nakwithiyori ehambelana nommandla.
Ngawaphi amasebe e-classical physics?
Kwisifundo esingcono sesayensi, amasebe awo aphambili aye ahlelwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ke, umntu ukwazile ukwenza ngcono kwezi ndawo ngendlela eyiyo kunye nokunxibelelana nehlabathi inkqubela phambili entsha kwezi zifundo.
I-Acoustics
Indlebe yomntu yenzelwe ukubona amaza, kufuneka afakwe kwinkqubo yokufunda ebonisa ubude kunye namandla abo. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-acoustics yazalwa, eli sebe le-classical physics liphethe funda konke ukunyakaza kwamaza ukuze ekugqibeleni itolikwe njengezandi.
Uphononongo lwe-acoustics lubandakanya umculo, i-geological, i-submarine kunye neziganeko zomoya, ngokubanzi, eli sebe le-physics liphethe ukufunda izandi ezikhutshiweyo ebaleni lomhlaba.
Kwelinye icala, oku kubonisa psychoacoustics, enoxanduva lokufunda iziphumo ezibonakalayo ezivela kwiinkqubo zebhayoloji.
Oomatshini
Eli sebe linxulumene nemizimba ebonakalayo xa iphantsi komkhosi wokufuduka kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iziphumo ezivelayo xa ziphantsi kwale mikhosi.
Ithathelwa ingqalelo inkqutyana ejongene nofundo izinto ezibonakalayo ezenzeka kwizinto eziphantsi kwamandla omzimba, amasuntswana akwimeko yokuphumla okanye ashukumayo kodwa angaphantsi kakhulu kwisantya sokukhanya.
Umbane
Imagnethi kunye nombane zivela kumandla ombane, kulapho ke i-electromagnetism lisebe le-physics yamandulo echaza indlela inkqubo unxibelelwano phakathi kombane kunye nemagnethi.
Ukwazi eli sebe ngokunzulu, kuyafuneka ukugxininisa ukuba umazibuthe wenziwe ngombane oshukumayo, kwaye intsimi yemagneti iyakwazi yenza umbane okanye ukusilela oko, ukuhamba kwemithwalo.
Ngokuyintloko, kwimvelaphi yayo, i-electromagnetism yathathelwa ingqalelo njengofundo lweziganeko ezenzeka ngokujikeleza umbane kunye nemitha eyayiveliswa njengesiphumo sokukhanya.
Ngokunjalo, umazibuthe wakwazi ukubakho kwizinto ezinje ngeekhampasi ukwenza isikhokelo sendlela, ngaphambili yayisetyenziselwa le njongo.
Into yamasuntswana ekuphumleni yaqwalaselwa ikakhulu yinkcubeko yamaRoma abathi xa bebona indlela umphumo owavela ngayo xa uhlikihla ikama watsala amasuntswana amatsha. Isishwankathelo, kwagqitywa kwelokuba izityholo ezithandekayo ziyagxotha kwaye ezichasayo ziyatsala.
Ubuchwephesha bolwelo
Eli sebe le-classical physics lifunda ngokuhamba kolwelo kunye neegesi, ezivela kweli sebe ezinye ziyavela Amacandelo amancinci anjenge-hydrodynamics kunye nearodynamics
Ulwelo lwezixhobo lusetyenziswa kwezi nkalo zilandelayo: ukubalwa kwemikhosi esetyenziswe kwiinqwelomoya, ubunzima beoli yeoli, ukuqikelela iimeko zemozulu.
I-Optics
Eli sebe le-physics yeklasikhi lijongana nokufundwa kweziganeko ezibonakalayo kunye iipropathi zokukhanya kubandakanya unxibelelwano olunokubakho lwayo nomcimbi.
Ichaza zonke iinkqubo ezenzeka ngokukhanya okubonakalayo, i-ultraviolet kunye nokukhanya kwe-infrared. Kungenxa yokuba ukukhanya ubukhulu becala ngumbane wombane njenge-x-ray, ii-microwaves, kunye namaza erediyo ngokwawo abonisa amaza afanayo.
Eli sebe ibalulekile kwiinkalo ezininzi abo baphetheyo bafunda izinto ezinxulumene nayo, ezinje ngamayeza, ukufota, ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nobunjineli.
Ithermodynamics
Siyaqhubeka ne-thermodynamics, eli sebe le-physics lifunda ngeziphumo zomsebenzi, amandla kunye nobushushu kwinkqubo ethile. Lisebe le-physics intsha okoko yazalwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ngokuzalwa kwenjini yomphunga. Ngamafutshane, i-thermodynamics inoxanduva lokujonga kunye nokulinganisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezenzekayo.
Unxibelelwano oluncinci lwegesi olwenzeka kweli nqanaba lubizwa okanye luchazwe yithiyori yekinetic yegesi. Yimiqathango ehambelana nomnye ukwenzela ukuzalisekisa iindlela ezichaza i-thermodynamics okanye i-kinetic theory. Kukho imithetho emithathu elawula i-thermodynamics kwaye kunjalo Umthetho we-Enthalpy, ekhokelela kwi umthetho we-entropy kwaye kungoko owesithathu ezelwe, onguye umthetho wezeroth.