Yeyiphi eyona gesi ininzi emhlabeni?

Iatmosfera yenziwa ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zezinto zemichiza, ezigcina ubomi obukhoyo ngendlela esazi ngayo, ukusuka kwiimeko zasemajukujukwini, eziyingozi kuyo.

Iigesi zibaluleke kakhulu kubukho bomhlaba obukhoyo emhlabeni, kwaye zininzi iindidi zazo, kodwa zinokubalwa ukuba zeziphi ezona ndawo zikhulu nezona zinkulu izithuba emoyeni.

Ezona zibalulekileyo ekuxhaseni ubomi zii-nitrogen, iargon kunye neoksijini, ethi yona ibe nentabalala eninzi.

Yintoni umoya?

Iatmosfera iseti yeegesi, ezenza owona mmandla ungaphantsi ushinyeneyo kwaye ungaphandle womhlaba, ohluka ngokwakhiwa ngokuxhomekeke kubude, kuba uxinzelelo olwahlukileyo lwenziwa kubo, oku kwaziwa ngokuhlangeneyo njengomoya, oqhubeka phakathi iikhilomitha zokuqala ezili-11 zokuphakama ukuqala elwandle.

Iigesi eziphambili ezikweli nqanaba yi-nitrogen ene-78% elandelwa yioksijini eyenza i-21% kwaye emva koku, i-argon ene-0.93% esezantsi kwisikali yi-carbon dioxide, kunye nomphunga wamanzi.

Inempawu ezintle zokuzikhusela kwizisongelo ezisuka emajukujukwini, ezinje ngeemeteorite ezithe zahlakazeka ngulo maleko weegesi, ukongeza ekusebenzeni njengohlobo lokhuselo kwimitha yelanga evela elangeni, eyingozi kakhulu ebantwini.

Oku kuguqulwe ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo eziye zahlala emhlabeni, njengabantu abaphefumla ioksijini kwaye bakhuphe icarbon dioxide xa bekhupha, esetyenziswa zizityalo kwaye kungenjalo. Oku kusebenza ngokudibeneyo ne-hydrosphere ezolisayo amaqondo obushushu anobutshaba anokubangela ubusuku okanye imini.

Iigesi eziphambili emoyeni

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, oku kwenziwa ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zeegesi, ekukho kuzo ezinye ezihlala ngaphezulu kunezinye, apha ngezantsi luluhlu ngokulandelelana kwazo.

Initrogen

Oku kwenza ama-78% eatmosfera iyonke, ibe yeyona gesi ininzi emhlabeni, yinto yeekhemikhali emelwe ngu-N, onobunzima be-athomu ye-14,01 kwaye njengenani le-athomu lanikwa i-7.

Ioksijini

Ukuthatha eyona gesi ininzi esesibhakabhakeni, kuba imele i-28% yayo, ine-atomic number 8, enkulu kune-nitrogen, kwaye le imelwe ngu-O, yirhasi exhasa ubomi emhlabeni, yomelele iarhente ye-antioxidant, kwaye ine-electronegativity yesibini ephezulu yazo zonke izinto

Argon

Yenza iipesenti ezi-0,93 zomoya wonke, igama elivela kumaGrike, abhalwe ngolwimi lwabo ????? kwaye iguqulelwe njengengasebenziyo, kuba le gesi ibonakaliswa ngokungasabeli kwezinye izinto zeekhemikhali, inombolo yeathom yayo ili-18, kwaye imelwe ngoonobumba.

Ezi zizinto ezintathu zokuqala nezona ziphambili ezenza iatmosfera, ukuze emva koko kuza iigesi ezinje nge-carbon dioxide (CO2) ene-0,4%, neon nge-0,0018%, i-helium ene-0,00052%, i-methane ene-0,00017%, i-krypton ene-0,0011% kunye ne-hydrogen ene-0,00005%, enye ishiyeke ingekhoyo njenge-nitrous oxide kunye ne-carbon monoxide umzekelo.

Yeyiphi eyona gesi ininzi emhlabeni?

Kuba initrogen yeyona gesi ininzi emhlabeni, efunekayo ukondla ubomi, kuba yenza uninzi lomoya ophefumla zonke izinto eziphilayo, iya kungena nzulu ngokubhekisele kuwo.

Unyango

Igama elisuka kwisiLatini "iNitrium" eliguqulela njengokuvelisa okanye ufuzo, awathi walinikwa nguDaniel Rutherford ugqirha, usokhemisi, owathi kulinge wakwazi ukufunxa ioksijini kunye nekhabhon diokside, eshiya initrogen njengentsalela Unyaka we-1772, nangona izazinzulu zamaXesha Aphakathi zazisetyenziselwa ulingelo oluthile, ngokutsho kwemibhalo ethile yezi.

I-nitrojeni inokufunyanwa ngokunyibilika, kunye nokucoca ulwelo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba emoyeni kukho umthombo ongapheliyo weli candelo.

Umjikelo wendalo 

Ibacteria inoxanduva lokuvelisa initrogen, ngenkqubo enzima eyimfuneko ukuze izityalo zikhule kwaye ziphuhle ubomi bazo, kuba oku kufunxa eli candelo, ukuze kamva lisebenze njengokutya kwezilwanyana ezitya utyani, ezithi xa zichasa, intsholongwane ibuyisele izinto i-nitrojeni emsulwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwenitrogen

I-nitrojeni isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-ammonia, enokujongwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kwaye yeyiphi intengiso yokulinganisa ebaluleke kakhulu, okwesibini kukho igesi yemethane eqala emva kokuvelisa impendulo yecarbon dioxide kunye nehydrogen ngomphunga waManzi.

Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kweli candelo kukwinkqubo yeefriji, umsebenzi wayo kukusebenzisa iifriji, izinto zokungenisa umoya ezindlwini nasezimotweni, yiyo loo nto ifumaneka kuwo onke amakhaya eluntwini, initrojeni engamanzi inokusetyenziswa okungapheliyo, ekufuneka ilumke malunga neqondo lobushushu , kuba inokunyibilikisa ulusu lwabo bavezwe ngqo kwezi zinto.

I-Amoniya lelona candelo liphambili kwiimveliso zorhwebo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yabantu bemihla ngemihla, njengokuveliswa kweplastikhi, okokutya okukhethekileyo kwemfuyo, ekudalweni kwezichumisi kunye nezinye ezininzi.

Iziphumo zempilo zenitrojeni

Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwenitrogen xa kuthethwa ngandlela zonke, njengamanqaku okusetyenziswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa, kuba uninzi lwezinto zanamhlanje zineplastiki, kunye nendlela esetyenziselwa ngayo ukwenza isichumisi, ekufuneka silime izityalo zemifuno, imifuno kunye iziqhamo, ngokungangqalanga ziyatyiwa.

Ezinye zeziphumo zinokuba zezi zilandelayo:

• Ibangela inqanaba eliphantsi lokugcina emzimbeni wevithamini A.
• Ingabangela ukwehla kwezithuthi zeoksijini egazini.
• Ikhawulezisa ukuveliswa kwe-nitrosamine, elilelona candelo libangela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.
• Yinto emiselweyo yokusilela kwemisebenzi ye-thyroid gland.