Iindlela zokufunda zokuququzelela ukufunda

Ngamaxesha amaninzi, abafundi abayifumani indlela yokufunda okanye yokubamba umxholo othile; Nokuba kungenxa yobunzima bayo, umdla omncinci anawo kuwo okanye ngenxa yokuqwalaselwa okanye iingxaki zokufunda. Ngale nto, kukho iindlela zokufunda oko kuya kunceda abafundi ukuba baququzelele ukufundwa kwezifundo ezahlukeneyo; esiza kuthetha ngayo kuyo yonke le post.

Zithini iindlela zokufunda kwaye ziqulathe ntoni?

Iindlela zokufunda okanye iindlela zizicwangciso ezisetyenzisiweyo ukukwazi phucula ukufunda kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, eziyimfuneko kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphezulu esikolweni okanye eyunivesithi. Ngokwenyani nabuphi na ubuchule okanye isicwangciso esiphuculisa ukubanakho komntu xa efunda okanye ekhumbula umxholo oza kuvavanywa uthathwa njengesixhobo sokufunda.

Ezi ndlela zokufunda zinokufundwa ngexesha elifutshane, kuba zihlala zilula ukuzisebenzisa; Ukongeza, zinokusetyenziswa phantse kuwo onke amasimi okanye iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubuchule obusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezithile, kuba ziyilelwe le njongo okanye zezona zicetyiswayo kakhulu kuloo ndawo.

Kwelinye icala, nangona kwiimeko ezininzi yayisetyenziselwa ukuvumela umfundi ukuba abe nolawulo kwiindlela zakhe xa efunda; Kule mihla kugxininiswa ngakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kwezi ndlela. Isizathu kukuba abafundi abafumana ulwazi malunga nesi sihloko bahlala yandisa intsebenzo yakho yokufunda; kuba kuqhelekile namhlanje ukuba iiklasi ezinikezelwe kwizakhono zokufunda zibandakanyiwe kwiinyanga zokuqala eyunivesithi.

Zithini iintlobo zeendlela zokufunda?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukufunda. Njengoko besitshilo, ezinye zazo zinokusetyenziswa nakowuphi na umxholo ngokubanzi; ngelixa ezinye zenzelwe ngokukodwa iindawo ezithile. Emva koko siza kukhankanya iintlobo esele zikhona kwaye sichaze ukuba nganye yazo iquka ntoni.

Unokufumana iindlela zokucengceleza, izakhono zonxibelelwano, ii-didactics, uxinaniso lolwazi, imifanekiso, ii-acronyms, iindlela zovavanyo, ukuqonda isicatshulwa kunye nezinye ezininzi. Emva koko, ezinye zazo zahlulwe ngeendlela ngeendlela; ke kukho iindidi ezininzi zeentlobo ezinokusetyenziswa ngokwentsimi eza kufundwa, amandla omfundi kunye nezinto abazikhethayo.

Ngentloko ulwazi ukufunda

Olu hlobo lweendlela zokufunda lusetyenziswa kakhulu, kuba yinto esisiseko. Xa sifunda naluphi na ulwazi sihlala siphinda ukufundwa, umzekelo, okuququzelela ukufundwa. Nangona kunjalo, ayisiyokufunda isicatshulwa esibhaliweyo kule leta, kodwa endaweni yoko ukuqonda ukuba kungantoni kwaye ukwazi ukufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze ukwazi ukusetyenziswa xa uphendula nawuphi na umbuzo onxulumene nomxholo.

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukufunda i-al caletre yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokufunda into, kodwa akukho nto inokuqhubeka nenyaniso. Xa ulwazi lufunyenwe ngale ndlela, luye lulibaleke kwakamsinya emva kokuba kuvavanyo lwenziwe; Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi xa ulibale inxenye yesicatshulwa, kunzima nokukhumbula okuseleyo.

Sebenzisa indlela yePSQRST

Sele zichaziwe iingxaki zobugcisa bangaphambili, ezo zisekwe kwizakhono zonxibelelwano zisebenza ngakumbi; kuba ezi zivumela ukukhula kwengcinga efanelekileyo. Kule nto singayifumana indlela ye-PQRST, nesigama sayo sesiNgesi esaziwa ngokuba yi-«Preview, Question, Read, Summary, and Test», eya kuthi iguqulelwe njenge «Preview, Ask or question, Read, Summarise and Evaluate».

1. Kuya kufuneka kuqala uphonononge isihloko ofuna ukufunda ngaso.
2. Kuya kufuneka ke ubuze imibuzo ekufuneka ubenakho ukuyiphendula ekupheleni kophononongo.
3. Iya kujonga ulwazi oluyivumela ukuba yandise ulwazi malunga nesihloko.
4. Sebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela okanye iindlela ukushwankathela.
5. Okokugqibela, kuya kufuneka uzivavanye ngokwakho ngokuphendula imibuzo ebuzwe ngaphambili.

Oonotsheluza kunye nezinye iindlela zokufunda

Oonotsheluza basetyenziswa kakhulu ngabafundi ukurekhoda isishwankathelo okanye ulwazi oluthile ngesihloko esisesandleni. Zombini iinowuthsi ezibhaliweyo nezibonwayo zinokufakwa kwezi zinto, ke kuye umfundi ukuba akhethe iindlela eziya kuncedisa obu buchule. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukushwankathela okanye ukubuza imibuzo ethile onokuyisebenzisa ukwenza uvavanyo lokuzihlola; kwelinye icala, kwimeko yokubonisa uvavanyo lomlomo, ezi zinokusebenza njengezinto zokuxhasa kwiindawo ekunzima ukuzikhumbula.

Iimephu zengqondo okanye imizobo yesigcawu

Ezi zicwangciso ziyinxalenye yeendlela zokunciphisa ulwazi. Basebenzisa amanqaku amafutshane kunye namagama aphambili Ukubanakho ukushwankathela ulwazi oluboniswe kwezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwisihloko. Enye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ihlala ifundiswa kuthi kwiminyaka yokuqala yemfundo yamabanga aphantsi; ekhuthaza ubuchule bokuyila ukuze ukwazi ukunxibelelanisa iikhonsepthi kwimifanekiso kwaye ngenxa yoko ube nesishwankathelo esibonakalayo.

Iindlela zokucinga ezibonakalayo

Kukho abantu abafunda ngokukuko ngokusebenziseka izixhobo zokufunda ezibonakalayo okanye iindlela, ezinceda ukugcina ulwazi ngokulula. Phakathi kwazo kukwakhona iimephu zengqondo kunye nobuchule bokukhumbula ngentloko imifanekiso; equka ukusebenzisa imizobo eyenziwe ngumfundi ukuze abenako ukuqonda imfundo ayifumeneyo. Ngenxa yoku, kufuneka zenziwe ngemifanekiso edlula engqondweni yomntu xa efunda ulwazi, ngale ndlela baya kukhumbula okufundwe ngokulula ngakumbi.

Izimvo zinokumelwa ngemifanekiso usebenzisa i ukumelwa, ukufana, ubudlelwane besemantic kunye nombutho wasimahla.

• Umelo luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukuzoba oko kuthethwayo, njengengqondo.
• Ukufana, kwenxalenye yayo, kuqhele ukusetyenziswa kumagama ekuthiwa ayafana kodwa abhalwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, zoba imouse (isilwanyana) xa ubhekisa kwisixhobo.
• Ubudlelwane busetyenziselwa ixesha elininzi kwiingcinga ezingafunekiyo, ezinje ngokuzoba intliziyo ukubhekisa kuthando.
• Okokugqibela, umbutho kukusebenzisa imifanekiso ehambelana nesicatshulwa; indlela yokuzoba umfanekiso wenkululeko ukubhekisa eUnited States okanye eNew York.

Indlela emnyama-eluhlaza-ebomvu

Ngenye ye iindlela zokufunda ngokusekwe kwizicwangciso zovavanyo, apho ukrwela umgca onemibala eyahlukeneyo usetyenziselwa ukubonisa iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo. Umnyama usetyenziselwa ezona zinto zibalulekileyo embuzweni, obomvu kwiingcaciso okanye imigaqo ekufuneka siyazi, kunye nokuluhlaza ukubonisa izinto ekunokuba nzima ukuzikhumbula xa usenza uvavanyo.

Ukuqonda isicatshulwa

Ukuqonda isicatshulwa yenye yeendlela zokufunda ezisebenzayo, kuba ngaphakathi kuyo siya kufumana ezahlukeneyo iindlela zokufunda oko kuyakuvumela ukuba uqonde ulwazi ofuna ukulifunda. Phakathi kwabo sifumana ukufundwa komhlaba kunye nomhlathi, kubonisa oko kufundwayo, ukukhumbula ngentloko kunye nokusebenzisa.

• Ukufunda jikelele kusivumela ukuba sifunde malunga nomxholo ukuze sifunde kwaye siqonde ukuba sinalo ulwazi kule ndawo. Ukuyisebenzisa, kwanele ukufunda izihloko kunye nemixholo engezantsi komxholo; ukukwazi ukwandisa ukufunda umhlathi wokuqala ulandela nganye nganye.
• Ukufunda ngemihlathi kusinika ithuba lokuqonda amagama aphambili kunye nasesekondari kunye nemibono. Kule nto, sinokusebenzisa umda wamagama afanelekileyo kunye nokwahlukileyo Iindidi zemigca engaphantsi.
• Umelo lusivumela ukuba silinganise yonke into esiyifundileyo; Esiza kuyibonisa ngokusetyenziswa kwesishwankathelo okanye ukucacisa imizobo kunye neekhonsepthi eziphambili, oko kukuthi, ukusebenzisa iMephu yeConcept eyaziwayo.
• Ukunkqaya sisakhono sokukhumbula into efundiweyo, ekufuneka icaciswe ngolwimi olukhethiweyo (olubhaliweyo nolomlomo).
• Okokugqibela, isicelo yinto esivumela ukuba sikhumbule oko sikufundileyo, into eyenzekayo xa kwiimeko ezithile sifuna ukuhlangula ulwazi oluthethiweyo; Ikwasivumela ukuba sikhangele ulwazi olutsha olusinceda sandise ulwazi lwethu.

Zeziphi iindlela zokufunda ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?

Nje ukuba ezi ndlela zokufunda zikhankanywe apha ngasentla, siza kuyandisa ulwazi kulunye lwezona ndlela zisetyenziswayo zokufunda, ezinje nge ukrwela umgca phantsi, amanqaku, isalathiso samakhadi, iimephu zengqondo okanye iingcinga, imibuzo okanye iimvavanyo.

Krwela umgca phantsi kwendlela

Umgca ujolise gqamisa iingcinga eziphambili okanye eziphambili kwisicatshulwa. Ngale ndlela, umfundi unokukhumbula oko bakufundileyo ngokufunda nje oko bakrwelele umgca ngaphantsi. Ukukrwela umgca kuqala kufuneka uqonde isicatshulwa kwaye yintoni ekufuneka ibonisiwe ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, ungasebenzisa zombini ukuqaqambisa kunye nayiphi na ipensile ukuzoba imigca phantsi kwezi zimvo okanye amagama aphambili.

Amakhadi kunye namanqaku

Nje ukuba umbandela oza kufundwa uqondwe, amanqaku anokwenziwa ngolona lwazi lubalulekileyo kwisicatshulwa okanye ngento ekunzima ukuyikhumbula. Ngendlela efanayo, amakhadi awaziwayo anokusetyenziswa, esithethe ngawo ngaphambili, sibhekisa kwigama "lamakhadi."

Ingqondo kunye neMxholo weeMephu

Kuxhomekeke kwintloko kunye neyethu izakhono zokufunda (khumbula ukuba kukho abantu abafunda ngcono ngezinto ezibonakalayo); ukusetyenziswa kunokwenziwa ngemephu yengqondo okanye yeengcinga (ekwabizwa ngokuba zi-schematics). Eyokuqala iya kusinceda sinxibelelanise imifanekiso kunye namagama aphambili kunye nolwazi oluza kufundiswa; Ngelixa owesibini evumela ukuphinda ulwazi ngendlela eshwankathelweyo ngokusebenzisa iikhonsepthi kunye namagama aphambili. Le ndlela kunye nokukrwelela yenye yeendlela zokuqala zokufunda esihlala sizisebenzisa xa usesikolweni.

Sebenzisa iimvavanyo okanye iimvavanyo

Iimvavanyo okanye iimvavanyo azidingi kuchazwa ngezizathu zazo ezicacileyo, kodwa yinxalenye yezicwangciso zokufunda ezinokunceda kungekuphela ukuvavanya ulwazi lwethu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa nokuvavanya amandla ethu okufunda. Kukho iincwadi ezibandakanya iimvavanyo ezincinci, kwaye zinokukhangelwa kwi-intanethi ukuvavanya ulwazi lwethu; Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukuba uzenzele ngokwabo okanye ucele uncedo kumntu wangaphandle.

Ukuqiqa

Le yenye yeendlela ezingaziwayo zokufunda, kodwa ngokusebenza kakuhle okukhulu. Le ndlela sisixhobo seqela esikuvumela ukuba ufumane izimvo ezintsha ngesihloko. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi bethatha inxaxheba, uninzi lweengcamango zihlala zifunyanwa okanye zichazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa zinentsingiselo efanayo; eya kuthi incede ekuphuculeni ukufunda kwaye ibe neendlela ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo ngexesha lovavanyo. Ukufeza obu buchule, kuya kufuneka ususe ukugxeka, ubhale phantsi zonke izimvo kwaye uvumele intetho yasimahla, uzame ukufumana izimvo ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye uzame nokuzidibanisa okanye ukuziphucula.

Iindlela zokufunda zizixhobo ezisisiseko xa ufunda, ngakumbi kubantu abangenasakhono sokukhumbula ngaphezulu komndilili; leyo, njengoko besitshilo ekungeneni, ukongeza ekubeni luncedo, inokuba yingxaki nakwixesha elizayo, kuba ukusetyenziswa kwemibhalo yokufunda "izenzi" kudla ngokukulibala ngokulula. Siyathemba ukuba ukusukela ngoku uza kusebenzisa ezinye zeendlela ezichaziweyo kwaye ukufunda kuya kuba lula kakhulu kuwe.