Imicimbi yiyo yonke into ekunokuqhagamshelwa nayo ngokomzimba, enokuba nezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu, ke ngoko kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinjengamanzi, amatye, iinkuni, ioyile, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zegesi, isinyithi, izinto eziphilayo, phakathi kwabanye.
Iipropathi ngokubanzi zomcimbi zinobunzima, ivolumu kunye nobunzima, ukuba zonke ezi mpawu zazo zonke izinto ezomeleleyo, ezingamanzi okanye ezinerhasi, kunye nezinye ezinokuba luphawu lwento nganye enjengokwandiswa, ukomelela, ukwahlukana, ukungafikeleli, ukutyeba, i-porosity, kunye ne-inertia, zonke ezi mpawu zazo zonke izinto , nokuba yomelele, lulwelo okanye inegesi.
Kukho ezinye iintlobo zeepropathi, ezibonakala kuhlobo ngalunye lwezinto ezithile, ezinje ngezinto eziqinileyo ezilukhuni ziba lukhuni kunye nokuba brittleness, ngelixa ulwelo zinokuba yindawo yokubilisa kunye ne-viscosity.
Ezi propati zinenjongo ephambili, bathobele njengomahluko kwiintlobo zemicimbi ezinokubakho kulwandiso lweplanethi iphela, enokwahlukahlukana okukhulu kakhulu, ukusuka kwizinto eziqinileyo ezilukhuni neziqinileyo ukuya kwiigesi eziqulethe ukukhukhumala okukhulu kwaye eziphantse zingabinabume nangona zibalulekile kuzo.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwazi ukuba zeziphi iipropathi zento nganye eyiyo, kunye nexabiso layo, kuba zonke zinokulinganiswa kwaye zinokulinganiswa.
Yintoni umbandela ngokwawo?
Intsingiselo yalo isuka kwisiLatin, "umba" oguqulelwa njenge "izinto ezenziwa ngazo izinto" nangona oku kukwayayanyaniswa nomthi eyenziwe ngayo imithi, leyo ikwayimbono efanayo, ngenxa yokuba imithi yenziwe le nto.
Yinto yonke ephathekayo, yiyo loo nto inomzimba wenyama owenziwe ngezinto ezinokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo, ezikwiindawo ezithile kwaye ziphantsi kotshintsho kwisithuba kunye nexesha.
Into ibalulekile yintoni enokunxibelelana kokubini nangokubonakalayo, eneempawu ezintathu eziphambili ezizinzileyo, ubunzima bayo kunye nendawo kunye nexesha elihlala kulo mzuzu othile.
Oku kunamacandelo amabini: ubunzima obenziwe ngamanqanaba emicroscopic kunye namanqanaba emacroscopic, kunye non-mass, phakathi kwezinye izinto njengokukhanya umzekelo.
Iipropathi ngokubanzi zemicimbi
Ezi propati azinakho Yahlula phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto, nangona ngokubanzi bajongana nezixhobo ezisisiseko ezikhoyo kulo mmandla womhlaba.
Phakathi kwazo kukho ezibanzi, ubunzima, ivolumu kunye nobunzima, ngelixa iipropathi ezinzulu zezi zixinano.
- Ubunzima: ubhekisa kuwo wonke umba womba onokuthi uqulethe umzimba ngokwawo, ngokubanzi iyunithi ephakanyiswe phantse ngumntu wonke ukuyilinganisa yikilogram. Eli gama livela kwisiLatin "massa" esivela kwinyathelo lokongeza ulwelo kumzimba owawudumbile ngaphambili ukuze wenze umzimba othambileyo nogudileyo.
- Umthamo: yonke imizimba yezinto ihlala kwisithuba sexesha, esikalwa esikalini esisikwere, kuba oku kufunyenwe kubude kunye nokwandiswa (ububanzi) kwinkcazo-ntathu yommandla, kwindawo ethile ehleliyo.
- Ubunzima: kumiselwa njengamandla anyanzela amandla kumzimba othile, onika amandla kwindawo ethile yenkxaso, ebangelwa ngamandla omxhuzulane aveliswe embindini womhlaba, kubunzima bomzimba . Amagama ubunzima kunye nobunzima bohluke kakhulu, nangona kule mihla kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubona ukuba abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "ubunzima" ukubhekisa kwiikhilogram zomzimba wenyama, xa obu bubunzima.
Iipropathi zangaphandle
Ezi ziyinxalenye yazo ngokubanzi. Ziyongezwa, kuba isampulu yenani lilonke lomcimbi lithathiwe, ngokubanzi ukwenzela ukulinganisa ezi, kunyanzelekile ukuba wazi ubunzima bomzimba wenyama, phakathi kwazo kukongezwa, ubude, kunye ne-inertia, ngokunjalo njengoko ubume bayo bobumbano bunokuqwalaselwa njengepropathi ngokubanzi yemicimbi, kuba ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukwazi umxholo wayo kwii-moles.
- Ulwandiso: Olu lulwandiso lomzimba, apho amalungu alo Ziyalinganiseka, oku kuyalinganiselwa iinxalenye zemizimba, kwaye le ifuna ukwazi ukuba ungakanani na umzimba ohleliyo, odla ngokwaziwa njengobungakanani bawo.
- Inertia: Kukuxhathisa okuchaswa ngumzimba okanye izinto ezibonakalayo kumandla anyanzelekileyo ukuba atshintshe imeko yokuphumla, intshukumo, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlala kuloo meko ixesha elithile.
- Ubude: ngumlinganiso weetrikri, ogqitywa emva kokwazi umgama womzimba othile wejometri, kuba nangona zihlala zididekile, zahlukile, kuba umgama licandelo kuphela okanye umgca othe tye womzimba, ngelixa ubude ligophe ngokufanayo kukhulu kuzo zonke iimeko.
Iipropathi zangaphakathi
Zizizo zonke iipropathi ezithile, ezibonisa uhlobo lomzimba omele ukufundwar, ethi yona yahlulwe ibe yimizimba, zezo zinokuthi ziqwalaselwe ngeliso lenyama okanye ngokuthinta, kunye neekhemikhali, ezo zibangela utshintsho lwezinto, ezichasene nepropathi ngokubanzi yemicimbi, ngenxa yoko zisetyenziswe kwizinto ezithile.
Iipropathi zangaphakathi zibandakanya ukunyibilika kunye neendawo zokubila, ubunzima, ukunyibilika, ukuxinana, ukungasebenzi, ukusebenza, ukuqina kunye nokuqaqamba.
Iimpawu zeekhemikhali zomcimbi zinokuphinda zisebenze ngamanzi, kunye neziseko okanye iiasidi, kunye nokutsha kwazo.