Ukuntywiliselwa kwihlabathi elizele ziintsingiselo ezibonakalayo kunye nezingaqondakaliyo, isidingo sokwazi ingcinga nganye ebandakanya into okanye into eyenzeka rhoqo, mhlawumbi yimeko yokuba umntu abize yonke into ayibonayo, ayivayo okanye ayicingayo.
Ngale ndlela, igama elithi imbali liquka iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ngokweekhrayitheriya ezichazayo kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinefuthe elimisela imeko yeekhonsepthi ezinikwe kwigama elinye. Namhlanje, besifuna ukwenza i-parenthesis kwi-polysemy yembali kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo okwahlukileyo.
Ithetha ntoni i-polysemy?
Kwindlela yokubola ye-etymological yekota, sifumanisa ukuba, "i-poly" ithetha ezininzi, kwaye "semia" ithetha okufanayo ngesiGrike; kulapho i-polysemy ziintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zibangelwe ngumqondo okanye amagama.
Ke a igama elinempawu ezininzi, Inye ineentsingiselo ezininzi kunye nendlela enye yokubhala
Yintoni imbali?
Imbali ibandakanya amaxesha ahlukeneyo obukho ahlelwe njengoqeqesho okanye isayensi, eyona njongo iphambili kukufunda ngeziganeko zangaphambili ezibandakanya ubuntu.
Ikwabandakanya nesalathiso sonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Imbali inxulunyaniswa nefilosofi yokuba, kukonwaba ukuphanda kunye nokuqonda iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuzivelela kwabantu ngokwesiseko sobuhle.
Abanye bafumana i umxholo wembali Njengesicwangciso sokuqonda amaxesha abumba uluntu kunye nokuchonga isimilo esithile kunye neemfundiso.
Umzekelo, ekubonakaleni kwemibuzo ekhoyo malunga nemvelaphi yendalo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zinokusetyenziselwa ukuphanda imbali kunye nokufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba kuyo nayiphi na imeko iba sisizathu sokubakho.
Ithini i-polysemy yebali?
Siyazi, ke ngoko, yipolysemy yembali ye iikhonsepthi ezininzi ezinokuba nalo igama lembali. Zonke ziphakanyiswe phantsi kwelensi ebaluleke kakhulu kunye ne-subjective ehlalutya igama ngokusekwe kumava anayo inkqubo yovalo, oko kukuthi, ingqondo ifumana inkuthazo enezinto zangaphandle ukunika intsingiselo kumagama anokuba neenkcazo ezahlukeneyo, kule meko , igama elithi imbali.
Inyaniso ixelelwa nini embalini?
IPolysemy ngokuchanekileyo kuba yinto yokutolikwa okuninzi, ngamanye amaxesha ayinangxoxo. Kwanele ukuba sikhuliswe kwaye sibe nokuziphatha ngokwaneleyo ukuze sikwazi ukwenza ulwazi oluthile oluyinyani.
Apha ngezantsi uyakubona iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuba nebali le-polysemy kuxhomekeke kwindawo okanye icandelo elibandakanyekayo kulo.
1. Ngokophando lwesayensi noluntu
Kusuka kuncwadi
Funda imisebenzi ebhalwe kwi ixesha elithile nokuba ibigqithile kuluntu okanye hayi. Umxholo womsebenzi ngowona ubaluleke kakhulu xa kuziwa kuhlalutyo lwegrama.
Ngale ndlela, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo oncwadi kunye nefuthe labo kwisimo sengqondo somntu sinokuchazwa ngokuchanekileyo.
endalo
Amasebe amaninzi esayensi aquka le ntsingiselo, zombini i-biology, i-zoology, i-botany, i-hydrography, i-biochemistry, i-ecology, i-astronomy kunye nezinye i-science ezifunda ubomi bezinto eziphilayo, kunye ne-physics ngokwayo iwela kuloluhlu.
Yendalo
Ukusuka kwi-Big Bang okanye ekudalweni kwe-Universe kwiintsuku ezisi-7, ukuya kwimizuzwana ebesilifunda eli nqaku. Olu hlobo lwembali lubandakanya zonke iinkqubo zokuzivelela kwezinto ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umntu namasiko akhe.
Zenkolo
Iintsomi, i-shamanic, ezomoya, ezenkolo kunye nayo yonke into enento yokwenza namandla okomoya okuba khona. Kananjalo namasiko awahlukeneyo achaphazela uqeqesho.
Antigua
Nguye Inqanaba phakathi kwembali yokuqala kunye namaXesha Aphakathi, Sisifundo sempucuko yakudala ebandakanya eli xesha lembali. Ukuveliswa kwe-calligraphy, imvelaphi yoorhulumente bokuqala kunye nemithetho, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwakha ezidolophini.
Yobugcisa
Intle kakhulu, ibandakanya zonke iinkqubo zobuhle eziye zaphuhliswa ngumntu; funda onke amaxesha obugcisa phantsi kwelensi yobuhle. Uyilo, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo, uncwadi, umculo, ukupeyinta, iithiyetha, kunye nobunye ubugcisa benza umxholo wembali yobugcisa.
Kolu phando, umntu uxabisekile njengefilosofi okwaziyo nokwazi ukuvelisa izimvo ezingaqondakaliyo kunye nokukwazi ukunxibelelana nazo kwizinto zangaphandle ngezi nkalo.
Imbali yoyilo lwegraphic, uguquko kwimizi-mveliso, ukusetyenziswa kwepowusta, imbali yesinema, ukufota, i-avant-garde kunye nolunye uqeqesho lwale mihla zibandakanyiwe kwimbali yobugcisa.
Ingqondo
Eli bali ligxininisa ikakhulu kwiingcinga zakudala ezinje ngoAristotle, uPlato, uGalileo, uSocrates okanye uPythagoras. Ikwabandakanya iingcinga zesayensi ezinje ngoNewton, uCopernicus, uLeonardo Da Vinci, uBenjamin Franklin, uLouis Pasteur, uNikola Tesla, u-Albert Einstein okanye uStephen Hawking.
Iklinikhi
Eli gama lizo zonke iinkcukacha kunye nezinto ezichaseneyo nesigulana, ngokwemiqathango yezonyango echaza ukuphazamiseka okuthile, isifo kunye naluphi na uhlobo lovavanyo esele lwenziwe emntwini.
Njengesiqhelo kwamanye amagama
Ayisoloko inentsingiselo entsonkothileyo ehamba nayo, njengesifanokuthi sezinye iikhonsepthi esinokuzifumana ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
Imbali-eyadlulayo
Ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo luyaziwa Ixesha elinxulumene nexesha elidlulileyo ukubhekisa kumnyhadala osele wenzekile, umzekelo, "eyethu seyidlulile", ikwaquka neempawu zesikweko ngaphakathi kwintetho okanye kwintetho ebhaliweyo.
Ukubaliswa kwebali
Njengoluhlobo loncwadi, eli bali linokubaliswa njengebali, umzekelo: “Kudala-dala, ibali likaPedro, inkwenkwe ebukekayo nezithuleyo eyayithanda ukuhamba kwiindlela zehlathi…”.
Imbali-inyani
Lo mbandela ubalwa njengesiganeko esijongana ngqo nomsitho phakathi kwabantu ababini, umzekelo: "libali elinye elifanayo", "Ndinebali endiza kukuxelela lona."
Imbali-sizathu
Kananjalo ngokwamagama aqhelekileyo, eli binzana lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kumntu osoloko enempendulo yokubaleka uxanduva, umzekelo: "kwakhona nawe unebali elinye", "yeka amabali", "ungezi namabali".
Ibali lothando
Ukwasetyenziswe kwimigaqo yokunxulumana nokubhekisa kubudlelwane obufihlakeleyo phakathi kwabantu ababini, umzekelo: “leliphi ibali elilungileyo abazifake kulo”, “libali elahlukileyo elo”.