Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngeparadigm yobuntu kwezemfundo kodwa awuqinisekanga ukuba ibhekisa phi. Sithetha malunga nokuphunyezwa kweempawu zobuntu kwimeko yemfundo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukubaluleka kunikwa abantu kwiimpawu zovakalelo neemvakalelo zabo kunalo naluphi na olunye ulwazi malunga noqeqesho. Iimvakalelo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo malunga nokusebenza kwezemfundo.
Iparadigm yobuntu ibonakaliswa ngokwamkela abantu njengomntu wabo, eyahlukileyo kwaye abanesakhono esaneleyo sokucinga kunye neenqobo zabo zokuziphatha ngokwamava awayehlala ngayo intombi, umbono wokuba anayo ngobomi uxhomekeke kwinto ahlala kuyo Y. enkosi kuloo nto uya kuba nezakho izimvo.
Ivelaphi
Iparadigm yobuntu ivela kuluntu emva kwamaXesha Aphakathi, apho ezinye iimodeli zokuqonda ezinje ngenkolo okanye ngamandla angaphezu kwendalo ziqala ukwehliswa ... ingcinga yomntu iqala ukubakho ngakumbi. Emva kwayo yonke iparadigm yobuntu kwezemfundo kukho umsebenzi omninzi ngababhali abaninzi kunye neengcinga zexesha lokuba baqale ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwengcinga yomntu kunye namava abo.
Iparadigm yobuntu kwezemfundo
Iparadigm nganye yemfundo inombono owahlukileyo kwinjongo yemfundo, oko kuthetha ukufunda iindima zootitshala nabafundi kwinkqubo yokufunda. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zemfundo kuba zichaphazela uyilo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nemfundo: bafundiswa njani abafundi, bavavanywa njani, kwaye yintoni enexabiso nebandakanyiweyo kwikharityhulam.
Ulwazi lweeparadigms ezahlukeneyo, kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo kunye, zinokuxhasa ukulungelelaniswa kweendlela zokufundisa nokuvavanya. Iparadigms yemfundo ihlala iguquka. Okwangoku, sihlala sibona iinzame zemfundo esekwe kwiiparadigms ezintathu: cukuwangawangisa, ukuqonda kunye nenkqubo yonxibelelaniso.
Kwimisebenzi yezempilo, sibona ukubandakanywa okungaphezulu kweparadigms yobuntu kunye neenguqu yemfundo. Ngalo naliphi na ixesha kwimbali, iiparadigms ezininzi zemfundo zinokubonwa zisebenza kwikharityhulam yethu yobugcisa, ezinye zibalasele kunezinye.
Ubuntu njengemvelaphi yayo yonke into
Ubuntu bujongwa njengokumelwa lihlabathi, yindlela yokuphila nokuqonda ubomi. Ngobuntu, umntu uqala ukubonwa njengomntu ocinga yedwa, owahlukileyo kubo bonke abanye. Banokubaninzi abantu kodwa elowo kubo uya kuba nendlela yakhe yokuziva kunye nokuqonda umhlaba, kuxhomekeke kumava akho ahleliyo.
Xa kwafika i-Renaissance, ubuntu baqala ukusetyenziswa ngendlela yokufundisa ngemibono kunye neemfundiso. ababezithatha njengabantu. Ezi ngcinga zondliwe ngokupheleleyo yimisinga yeengcinga ezinje ngobunyani, inkululeko kunye nengqibelelo. Imijikelo eyahlukeneyo yefilosofi ithathelwa ingqalelo:
- Inkululeko: izisa umbono wexabiso. Ubuntu njengeyona ndlela iphambili yemfundo.
- Inyaniso: ithatha amava abantu abaluleke kakhulu kuqeqesho lwayo.
Ubuntununtunu bomntu yinto ebonakalisa ukucinga kwaye enkosi kobu buntu buqhubeka ngokuvela kwaye ke nemfundo. Konke oku kuye kwafikelela kule nkulungwane apho kusekho iimpembelelo ezininzi zengqondo apho iindlela zityhilwa Iimodeli zemfundo apho iimpawu zabantu kunye nokuziphatha kwabo kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Olu hlobo lweparadigm yobuntu kwezemfundo lujongana nemiba yengqondo, yomzimba, yeemvakalelo, social kunye nokuziphatha.
Xa isetyenziswa kwimfundo
Inkqubo yezemfundo ibisoloko ikho kwindaleko kwaye ulwazi belusoloko lungqongqo kwaye phantse ludluliselwe ngokungafaniyo. Oku kuhlala kusikel'umda kumfundi wokunxibelelana nokufunda, okwenza inkumbulo kodwa angaziqondi izinto eziphambili ekufundeni eziza kuthi ekugqibeleni zingabikho. Ngale nto engqondweni, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba akukho mpembelelo mncinci kubafundi kwaye amandla okwenyani abantu awanakuxhatshazwa.
Imfundo ibisoloko ijolise kootitshala, ngaphandle kokucinga kwabafundi, bekunganyanzelekanga ukuba bacinge ngendlela abaziva ngayo okanye ukuba banjani. Kodwa inyani kukuba iimvakalelo zabafundi zibaluleke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na into, kuba ngaphandle kwemvakalelo, akukho kufunda. Imfundo kufuneka. Ukujolisa kwabafundi, enyanisweni, iparadigm yobuntu iyayazi le nto kwaye ijolise kubo ukuze ukufunda kubeyinyani.
Abafundi, kule paradigm, baqondwa njengabantu ngabanye abaneengcamango zabo kwaye banokubakho kunye namandla aneleyo okukhula, okufunda kunye nayo yonke le nto, enxulunyaniswa namava obuqu.
Xa utitshala efundisa phantsi kweparadigm yobuntu, unendawo yokuguquguquka komntu. Ukulungiselela le nto, ezinye iindlela ezibalulekileyo zithathelwa ingqalelo:
- Inomdla kumfundi njengomntu owahlukileyo oneempawu zakhe ezingafaniyo
- Qaphela ukuba ukufundisa kuhlala kuguquka
- Khuthaza indawo efanelekileyo yokufundisa nokufunda
- Ukukhuthaza inkqubo yokufunda enentsebenziswano
- Ukungabinaso isimo sengqondo sokugqwesa abafundi
- Yala nayiphi na imeko yokufundisa nokufunda egunyazisiweyo
- Yiba nesimo sengqondo sokuqonda malunga nobuchule bomfundi ngamnye
Ngale ndlela umfundi uya kuqala ukukhuthaza ukufunda kwabo kunye nenkuthazo enkulu kunye nomdla. Abafundi baya kufunda okona kulungileyo ngokufumanisa kuba baya kuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokufumana ulwazi lwabo. Umfundi kufuneka azive ngathi ukufunda kwakhe kuyamcela umngeni kwaye oko Unokucinga ngobuchule ukoyisa nayiphi na imiqobo ekufundeni.
Ukuze oku kwenzeke, kubalulekile ukuba kubekho ulwazi lwangaphambili kwaye kufuneka luphononongwe ngaphambi kokuqala ukwazisa ulwazi olutsha kuba ulwazi oluthile kufuneka lube nokunxibelelana nabanye. ukuze umfundi anike intsingiselo ngendlela yakhe kwaye ngale ndlela ukufunda kunentsingiselo.
Indlela yokufundisa kufuneka ilungelelanise kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, cinga malunga ne-idiosyncrasies yabafundi, kuba utitshala kufuneka azilungelelanise nabafundi hayi enye indlela ejikeleze ... Kungale ndlela kuphela apho unxibelelwano olululo phakathi kokufundisa nokufunda kunokwenziwa.