Itafile ezifanayo esetyenziswa kwiinkalo zokufunda ezahlukeneyo, umsebenzi, uphando, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezisebenza kakhulu ukufumana ikhonkrithi kunye nokuphendula okupheleleyo kuso nasiphi na isihloko ekuthethwa ngaso, kuba sisebenzisa ubuchule bokubola kweembono ezininzi, kunye nemixholo engezantsi, ukuze zikwazi ukuthelekiswa, jonga ukufana kunye nomahluko, kwaye ufumane inkcazo esengqiqweni okanye ingcinga.
Ikwaqwalaselwa njengesixhobo sokufunda esigqwesileyo, ngenxa yento eyenziweyo eyenziwayo kule nto, kunye nokukhululeka ekunikezelayo kulowo uyenzayo ukuze akwazi ukucwangcisa nokubona ulwazi, oluya kuthi ke lusebenze njengezicatshulwa ezifundisayo. , enkosi kwisikimu sayo kunye nesakhiwo ekulula ukusiqonda.
Ukufezekiswa kwezi tafile ze-synoptic kunokuba lula kakhulu, kuba ngokukhetha nje isihloko, kunye nokwenza ulwahlulo kunye nokwahlula-hlulwa kwayo, unokwenza ubume obubanzi ngokwenyani, apho unakho chonga iingcamango ezahlukeneyo, ukuze wenze umxholo opheleleyo ekulula ukuwuqonda.
Yintoni itheyibhile ehambelanayo?
Itafile ze-synoptic zaziwa njengeyona ndlela isisiseko yokufunda, kuba yindlela yokuyila ulwazi olusuka kwithiyori, intelekelelo okanye izifundo ezibandakanya umbono wokuqala, onokwaphulwa, uqinisekise kwaye uthelekise izimvo zesibini, amanqaku ahlukeneyo okujonga, phakathi abanye.
Sisakhiwo, esidla ngokubhala, apho umntu anakho zimele ulwazi olunikezwe kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo ngendlela yobume, ukulawula ukubonisa okanye ukuhlalutya eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, eyona ikufutshane nenyani, kunye nobungakanani bolwazi abalunikezelayo.
Iitafile ze-Synoptic ziindlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ezikolweni nakwiiyunivesithi, kuba zifundisa abafundi indlela ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela ulwazi olwahlukeneyo olunokufumaneka kwisihloko esinye kumzobo.
Ulwakhiwo
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, itafile yolungelelwaniso ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ubuchule bokulungiselela umxholo, obusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona oku kuvakala kunzima ukukuphumeza, ngokuchaseneyo nolwakhiwo olulula ukwenziwa, kunye nokuqonda, ekuphela kwento eyimfuneko ukuze ukwazi ukuyicacisa kukucaca malunga nembono ephambili, kunye nokufumana ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. imithombo, izimvo ezahlukileyo, kunye nedatha kumxholo ofuna ukuxoxa ngawo.
Ngokwesiqhelo ezi tafile ze-synoptic zenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuvulwa kwamaqhosha aliqela, alawula uluhlu lolawulo lolwazi, ukuqala ngokucacileyo ngombono ophambili, kwaye emva koko kwaphula kwaye kwahlulahlulwe kwahlulwe kwahlulwahlulo olufanayo.
Nangona olu lwakhiwo lusisiseko esona sisisiseko, ke kunokwenzeka ukuba uqhubeke nobuchule ukuze ubenakho ukubamba uthotho lomntu ngamnye kule mizobo yenziwe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zembono kunye neengcinga.
Ukuqala ukwenza enye yezi tafile ze-synoptic, kufuneka kuphakanyiswe umbono ngokubanzi, ohlanganisa umxholo owaneleyo, emva koko bajonge izimvo eziphambili ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, ekufuneka incediswe ngezimvo zesibini ezivela kuzo nganye, nakwinqanaba lesithathu Iinkcukacha eziza kusetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zokujonga, ezinje ngeengcinga okanye ngethiyori.
Iimpawu zetafile efanayo
Itheyibhile yolungelelwaniso ineempawu ezintle kakhulu zokwenza iindlela zophando ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kuzo zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi, phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo.
- Ilungelelanisiwe.
- Sisikimu.
- Uhlalutyo lolwazi lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
- Yahlula ulwazi.
- Khangela phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zokujonga.
- Iyathelekisa, kuba ifumana ukufana phakathi kwalo lonke ulwazi olufunyenweyo.
- Inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso incasa yombhali ngamnye ofanayo, kuba nangona inesiseko esisiseko, oku akubalulekanga ukuze ikwazi ukuyenza.
- Ithathwa njengenye yeendlela eziphambili zokufunda.
- Icebo elihle lokuphanda.
Umsebenzi oyintloko
Umsebenzi onokubonwa kakhulu ngokubhekisele ekusetyenzisweni kwetafile yolungelelwaniso kukucwangcisa kwaye ucacise ulwazi olufundileyo, ukwenza ukuba abo basebenzisa le ndlela imangalisayo yokufunda bahlukanise kwaye bathelekise lonke ulwazi olukhoyo ngesihloko, ukulawula aveze isiphelo sayo.
Itafile yesishwankathelo inokusetyenziswa phi kwaye njani?
Nangona oku kuthathwa njengesixhobo sokufunda, sisetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezifundisayo.
Phakathi kwezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo ezinokuba nethuba lokusebenzisa olu hlobo lweetafile, ikakhulu ngabafundi bamanqanaba asisiseko, aphakamileyo kunye aphezulu, kananjalo iyenzeka nakwiindawo zophando, umsebenzi weofisi, phakathi kwabanye, ngenxa kuba kuzo zonke ezi kulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nohlalutyo lolwazi oluthile luyimfuneko.
Ukwenza itafile ye-synoptic ngendlela efanelekileyo enokuthi isebenze kwisizathu, amanye amanyathelo anje ngala makalandelwe.
- Kuyimfuneko ukuqonda, ukuhlalutya kunye nokufundisisa ulwazi oluza kunyangwa, ukuze ube nokulawula ngokupheleleyo, ukubonelela ngokulawulwa ngcono kwetafile. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kolwazi kuya kufezekisa ukuba itheyibhile yokuhombisa yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo.
- Emva kokufunda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye uwuqonde kakuhle umxholo ofundwayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela kunye nokuqokelela iingcinga eziphambili zoluvo ngokubanzi, ukumisela ulungelelwano oluchanekileyo lolwazi, oku kuyakufezekisa ukuba isikimu sinayo ngokulandelelana kwazo ngokulandelelana.
- Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwazo zonke iikhonsepthi kufuneka zifunyanwe, ziqokelelwe ndawonye ukuze kusekwe uluvo ngokubanzi lomxholo ophambili, ekufuneka uchazwe ngegama elichaza yonke intsingiselo iyonke.
- Kukho isivakalisi esibonakaliswe ngokuhlala siveza uninzi lweetekisi, umbono ngokubanzi ofanayo, ekufuneka ukhangelwe ukuze uqhubeke nesiphelo sokukhangela, isihloko setafile yolungelelwaniso.
- Emva kokuba unesiseko setafile yolungelelwaniso, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nendawo ekuyo yolwazi olufanayo, uhlela lonke ulwazi olukhokelwa ziindidi zemihlathi ezinokufumaneka, ezinje ngolungelelwaniso, ezilungelelanisiweyo nezingaphantsi , ngamnye kubo enegunya lakhe, abongamileyo babongamileyo, nabaphantsi bona baphantsi.
- Kweli nqanaba, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke ukuphawula ngokuqinisekileyo uluvo oluphambili ngombono ngokubanzi, ngokungathi ufuna ukuthetha ngeemoto, ezona zimvo ziphambili zinokuba kukwenziwa, imodeli, uhlobo, phakathi kwabanye.
- Emva koko izimvo eziphambili kufuneka zincedisane nezimvo ezizezazo ukuze kuphuhliswe itafile yolungelelwaniso ngendlela ecacileyo nengqiqweni.
- Okokugqibela, emva kokuba uvakalisile ukuba loluphi na uluvo oluqhelekileyo, kunye nezimvo zalo eziphambili eziphawuliweyo, zilandelwe zezesekondari, qala ukophula iinkcukacha ezinokuboniswa ngasentla.
Kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba usebenzise obu buchule kulo naluphi na uhlobo lophando, ngenxa yeempawu zalo, esiza ekuqondeni ngcono ukusebenza kwezinye izinto, ukwenza ngokubanzi kunye nokucacisa imiba eyahlukeneyo yokujonga, ukufezekisa umxholo.