Sikubonisa ukuba ziziphi izinto ezi-4 zikarhulumente

Umbuso, ovela kwisiLatin "iwonga" elibhekisa ku-odolo. Ukusetyenziswa ngokwamazwe nakwimimandla, oko kuthetha ukuba ngumbutho wezopolitiko welizwe. Izinto zikarhulumente zi-4, ezithi ngokwento esekwe ezenzayo: abemi, umhlaba, urhulumente kunye nokuzimela.

Inokubizwa ngokuba izinto ezibonakalayo kwizithuba zejografi apho urhulumente wenziwe khona, kunye nabemi abahlala kummandla wombuso, kwaye urhulumente kunye nolawulo bayayinxalenye yolawulo lwayo.

Umsebenzi wombuso kukugcina ucwangco kuzo zonke iindawo ezikuwo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba urhulumente usebenzisa amandla okanye ubukhosi ngokuhlonipha amalungelo abemi abahlala kulo mmandla, kunye nentlalontle yabo.

Oorhulumente bayadlula, kuxhomekeke kwimithetho esetyenziswa kwilizwe ngalinye. Banokuqina okuzinzileyo, kwaye ngesiqhelo okanye koorhulumente bolawulo lwentando yesininzi, olona xanduva lonyulo lwabaphathi lubanjwa luluntu, oluqhutywa ngonyulo oludumileyo.

Ithini imeko?

Oku kunokuba neenkcazo ezininzi, konke kuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuthethwa kuyo, umzekelo: urhulumente ubhekisa kwimeko apho umntu okanye into ifunyenwe. Kodwa xa sithetha ngokwentlalo nangokomthetho, malunga nequmrhu elinikezela ucwangco olusekwe phakathi kwabantu, imimandla eyenzayo kunye namashishini orhulumente.

Ukufezekisa umbutho wezopolitiko kunye nommandla wombuso, oku kufuneka kusebenze kwimicimbi yezomthetho, yokunyanzelisa neyomthetho, emisela ukuba kutheni kwaye kutheni kufuneka ilandelwe imigaqo ekufuneka ibenobunye kuyo.

Inokubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngombuso odibeneyo othetha umanyano lwamazwe amabini okanye nangaphezulu ukusebenzisa ubukhosi babo ebantwini, ilizwe elilula okanye elimanyeneyo elibhekisa kurhulumente omnye, onoxanduva lokumisela kunye nokuqondisa yonke Kukwakho nelizwe elinabileyo, elingenziwanga ngurhulumente ophakathi, njengoko igama lakhe lisitsho, kodwa endaweni yoko lahlula amandla alo kubalawuli bengingqi.

Zithini izinto zikarhulumente?

Izinto zikarhulumente ngabo bonke abazibumbayo, kwaye phakathi kwabo, luluntu okanye ilizwe, intsimi, urhulumente, nolawulo okanye amandla asetyenziswayo, emva koko yimisebenzi, amalungelo kunye noxanduva lomntu ngamnye kubo. .

Abemi

Bonke abo bantu benza i inkampani ebekwe kummandla omiselwe ngurhulumente, Ezilandela ukuhlangana okuhle kunye nabalawuli.

Abemi banokubonwa ngokweendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, njengeqela lomntu kunye nesizwe.

• Njengeqela lomntu: Kujongwe ukuba kubhekiswe kwiqela labantu abahlala kummandla othile, othi asetyenziswe iseti yemigaqo esemthethweni yokusekwa kweodolo yabo, ukuba umntu ngamnye alandele injongo yokuphumeza eyabo intlalontle, eqhelekileyo yahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba ezoqoqosho. Kukho oorhulumente abangayikhathaleliyo intlalontle yabemi bonke ngenxa yokuba baneenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo okanye iinkolelo zonqulo, kwaye oku kuye kwabonwa kuyo yonke imbali yoluntu.
• Njengesizwe: Kule nto kunokwenzeka ukuba babone abantu abamanyene ngokwenkolo enye kunye neenjongo ezifanayo, baziva bemanyene zizinto eziphathekayo, benoluvo lokuba bangabaseburhulumenteni nayo yonke into eyenzayo.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezizwe, ezinje ngezo ziziva ngathi ziyimbumba yolwimi nenkcubeko yomelele kangangokuba xa zibona umntu ongeyonxalenye yazo, okanye oneengcinga ezahlukileyo, zikhetha ukubakhuphela ngaphandle kuluntu lwazo, Kukwakho neentlanga ezifuna ukulungelwa komntu wonke, Oku kubhekisa kubo bonke abantu abenza okufanayo, nokuba ngabaluphi na uhlanga okanye ilizwe.

Indawo

Ngaba konke oko indawo ekuhlala kuyo abantu engenakuphikiswa kwaye ingenakuthinteleka, oku kubandakanya indawo yomoya, ulwandle, umhlaba kunye nomhlaba ongaphantsi owenza urhulumente.

ESpain, umzekelo, baninzi abantu abazimeleyo abanenkcubeko kunye nolwimi lwabo, kodwa bekwayinxalenye yesizwe. Kumatyala aliqela kuye kwabonwa ukuba ekuhambeni kwexesha aba bantu baphela bezama ukuzimela ngaphandle kwesizwe, befuna ukuzihlaziya njengelizwe elizimeleyo. Amacandelo aqhelekileyo emimandla ngamaphondo, iidolophu, iidolophu okanye imimandla.

Oorhulumente

Ibhekisa kumbutho u Inkqubo yezomthetho Esebenzisa imithetho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uluntu luhlala luphantsi komda woluntu kunye nokuphila okuhle phakathi koluntu. Oorhulumente bohluleke baba ngamaqela athile, athe ahlulahlulwa ngokwezixhobo zikarhulumente ezinamandla, phakathi kwazo oku kulandelayo kuvela:

• Idemokhrasi: Kulolu hlobo lukarhulumente, abantu ngabo banamandla okukhetha umlawuli abazikhethele bona kunye nemithetho enokuthi isetyenziswe okanye ingasetyenziswanga, apho inkululeko yokuthetha kunye nokwahlulwa kwamagunya kugqame khona. Abo baphetheyo bathanda ukuba nezikhundla zethutyana, kuba ixesha elide e-ofisini alivami kuvunyelwa kwidemokhrasi.
• Ulawulo lobuthixo: Kuxa inkolo kunye nezopolitiko zisebenza kunye ukulawula uhlanga, inkolo ephambili ibandakanyeka.
• UbuFasi: Yintshukumo apho abalinganiswa abasemagunyeni okanye abafuna ukuba phakathi kwabo, bavelise kubemi ngokusasaza ubuxoki, iimvakalelo zobuzwe, nezithi zona zilawule ngokubanzi.
• Ulawulo lobuzwilakhe: Isekwe emntwini okanye kwiqela elincinci labantu elinamandla apheleleyo kwaye angenakugxekwa, begqwetha amalungelo oluntu, olu hlobo lukarhulumente luthathwa njengolutshaba, kuba basebenzisa amandla omkhosi ukuze uluntu luyithobele imigaqo abayimiselayo.

Kukho nezinye iintlobo ezinje nge-Monarchy, okanye iRiphabhlikhi, kodwa ezona zichaphazelekayo neziqhelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela zezi zine zikhankanywe apha ngasentla.

Ingqondo

Ibandakanya amandla asetyenziswa ngurhulumente kurhulumente kubemi bawo, efanelekileyo kakhulu ngokubhekisele kwi-odolo ofuna ukuyimisela kumhlaba kunye nabemi bawo.

Igama ubukhosi livela kwisiLatin "super omnia" elithetha amandla amakhulu, kwaye inokuqondwa njengamandla ayo yonke into, kwaye oku kuboniswa ngokwazi ukuba kubandakanya zonke iindawo zesizwe, ezinje ngezoqoqosho, ezomthetho, nezopolitiko. nentlalo.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto zikarhulumente kufuneka busondele kwaye bulunge, ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaqela afumana izibonelelo, ekwabizwa ngokuba lulutho oluqhelekileyo. Phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo imida yabo kunye neenjongo zabo kufuneka zihlonitshwe, ukuze kuthi kubekho uxolo phakathi kwemibutho eyahlukeneyo ehlala kumhlaba wonke womhlaba.