Ubunzima bomntu kunzima ukusiqonda, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda esizifumanayo kwindaleko zihlala ziyimfihlakalo kwinkcazo yokuba kunye nokuziphatha kwayo.
Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba iinkqubo zokufunda azivavanywa, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokuba kuninzi okunokufunyanwa malunga nendalo engaphakathi umntu ngamnye anayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kufundwe iindlela ezithile zokuziphatha kunye neendlela zokuzivelela ezinxulumene nayo. emntwini. Ngeli thuba, besifuna ukwabelana nawe ngezinto zolwazi, iimpawu zalo kunye nemisebenzi yayo ephambili kulwimi lokuqala.
Yintoni ulwazi?
Ukuphonononga izinto zayo, kufanelekile ukwazi iikhonsepthi ezininzi ezibandakanya ulwazi lwegama.
Kubantu abaziingqondi abanjengoPlato, ulwazi lwalungaphezulu kwefilosofi, eli gama linokubandakanya ithiyori yayo yonke into, ebambekayo nengabonakaliyo ibayinxalenye yokufumana ulwazi.
Kwi-RAE, igama elithi ulwazi linokuba neekhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngesenzo okanye isiphumo sokwazi, umbono wokwazi, imeko yokwazi apho umntu ahlala ephaphile khona, okanye naluphi na uphawu olunxulumene noxanduva lomntu ngesazela sakhe nokuba kwakhe.
Kodwa, luyintoni ulwazi ngokwenene? Ngaphandle kweenkcazo ezininzi elineli gama, isenomlinganiswa ongachazekiyo, kuba ligama elilawulayo elimiselwe ngokwemiqondo eyahlukeneyo ephethwe ngumntu ngamnye.
Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi lunokuxhomekeka kubume bento ekufuneka yaziwe kunye neendlela ekufuneka zisetyenziselwe ukuhambisa inkcazo yayo, ke ulwazi lunokuhlelwa phakathi kwengqiqo okanye uluvo: ulwazi olusengqiqweni lubangelwa kuphela ebantwini, abakwaziyo ukuqonda Isizathu, ngelixa ulwazi lweemvakalelo luqhelekile kwizilwanyana nakubantu kuba luhambelana nempendulo umntu anayo kukhuthazo oluthile, yinto yamandulo ngakumbi.
Izinto eziphambili
Ukuqonda ulwazi oluncinci kwinqanaba lezengqondo, sinokujongana nezinto ezine zolwazi:
Sujeto
Ungumnini wolwazi, ukuthetha ngeli xesha kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba ngubani ophetheyo, ngubani na onokukwazi ukuwuphucula kwaye awufumane ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Isifundo sinokuba negalelo kwinxalenye enkulu yolwazi kubemi behlabathi ngesiqinisekiso sokunciphisa ukungazinzi koluntu.
Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisifundo esaziwayo, nguye nabani na oneempawu zokuqonda ezinje ngamehlo kunye nezinye izitho zemvakalelo ezinakho ukumnika ulwazi oluyimfuneko lokulungisa kunye nokuphetha.
Into
Into ngumntu okanye into eyaziwayo ngumxholo, yonke into iphambi kwesihloko njengoko kufanelekile ukuba siyazi. Isenzo solwazi sidibanisa isihloko kunye nenjongo.
Into ayinakubizwa ngokuba yinto ukuba ayaziwa sisihloko, inyani yokwazi into inika isihloko sokwazi isifundo kunye nemfuno yento eyaziwayo inika isihloko sento yento leyo. Ngexesha lokuqonda, umxholo utshintsha ukusuka kurhulumente ukuya ekwazini ngelixa into ihlala ikwimeko efanayo.
Ukusebenza kwengqondo
Oku kubhekisa kumzuzu apho umntu okanye isifundo sigxininisa imifanekiso evela kwingcinga ngokubhekisele kwinto leyo. Ekusebenzeni kwengqondo kwesi sifundo, amandla alo okubamba amanqaku athile aphucula uhlalutyo lwento efanelekileyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukusebenza kwengqondo kuchazwa njengolwazi ngokubanzi, nangona kunjalo, eli gama kwinqanaba lengqondo libandakanya izihlomelo ezine okanye ukuxhomekeka kulo ukuze ukwazi ukulwakha, ukuze uqale ukubiza ulwazi njengayo nayiphi na into ebandakanya ezine izinto apha zivelisiwe.
Ukucinga
Ukucinga kungaziwa njengeyona nto ibangela iinkumbulo ezishiyiweyo ngophawu lomfanekiso owaziwayo, ekule meko yinto leyo. Eli gama linokubizwa ngokuba "ngumsebenzi", onjongo yawo ikukunxibelelana nezinye izinto njengesiphumo sokugqibela sohlalutyo.
Ukucinga kuya kuhlala kuyinto eyahlukileyo kwinto, eli nyathelo kukuhlalutya isifundo esenza into; Kungoko ikhrayitheriya yokuseka ingcinga yahluke ngokupheleleyo kwinto nganye.
Ukwahlula phakathi kokucinga okuyinyani kunye nokucinga okuqinisekileyo kubalulekile ukuze sikwazi ukugqiba ngolwazi.
Ukucinga okuqinisekileyo kuhlala ngaphakathi kulindelo lwangaphakathi lwento, ngokuchaseneyo, ukucinga okuyinyani kuyinxalenye yamava afunyanwa sisihloko xa unxibelelana nento leyo.
Kodwa, ukuze ufike kwingcinga yokwenyani, isifundo kufuneka siye kwiingcinga ezinengqiqo, apho akwaziyo ukwazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezilungileyo zento kwaye aphule ngokupheleleyo kulindelo lwayo; ukuba nokungqubana kwenyani kunye noko kulindelweyo kwinto leyo.
Kweminye iminyinyiva, isifundo sinokufumana ulwazi ngokuzithatha njengesifundo kodwa ingeyiyo into yohlalutyo.
Kwelinye icala, kukho izifundo ezingqina ukuba umbono wento ngaphakathi kwengqondo yesifundo unokwahluka kwinyani, oko kukuthi, ayifani nefoto, kodwa ulwakhiwo lwento leyo ngokwe abalinganiswa ababonwa nguloo mntu, ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhono sakhe sokwakha ngokutsha into leyo.
Umdibaniso wezinto ezahlukeneyo
Uluvo ngalunye lwengqondo olunikezwa ngumxholo malunga nento, kunye nengcinga njengesiphumo, ziyinxalenye yenkqubo kunye namandla esifundo sokudityaniswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Isenzo sokwazi kufanelekile kwisifundo ukuze sikwazi ukuqhubekekisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ukufunda.
Ukwazi kukodwa kukwenza umntu abe ngaphezulu, ngakumbi angabi nakho okungakumbi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba unyamezelo umntu analo ekuphuhliseni izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zolwazi zezinto ezinokumnceda ukuba aguqukele kubuchule babo bokuqonda.
Isenzo sokwazi sihluke kakhulu kwisenzo sokucinga, le yokugqibela iyinxalenye yento nganye yolwazi, kodwa ayisosenzo sokuzazi.