Iziyobisi zizinto ezinokusetyenziselwa amayeza (amachiza asemthethweni) ukunyanga izifo okanye ukuzonwabisa (iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, nangona zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwilizwe) kuba ingqondo nomzimba zitshintshiwe. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi igama elithi "iziyobisi" lihlala lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwizinto ezingekho mthethweni abantu abazisebenzisela ukuzonwabisa (nokuba bezonwabisa okanye bezisebenzisa kakubi) kwaye oko kukhokelela ekuxhomekekeni.
Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ezisemthethweni
Ngesi sihlandlo siza kuthetha ngamachiza anokuthengwa ngokusemthethweni kuyo nayiphi na indawo okanye ishishini, njenge inikotini, utywala, isiraphu yokukhohlela, phakathi kwabanye. Apho siza kuchaza ukuba ziyintoni na, zeziphi iziphumo zazo kunye nolwazi olufanelekileyo ngazo.
UNicotina
Iphakathi kwe- iziyobisi ezisemthethweni ithandwa kakhulu, ikhoboka kwaye iyingozi kwihlabathi. Ngokwezifundo ezahlukeneyo, phantse abantu abaliwaka lezigidi bayatshaya mihla le (nangona inani likwazile ukwehla phantse ngama-30% xa kuthelekiswa nama-90's) kwaye ukongeza, bamalunga nezigidi ezisixhenxe abantu abaswelekileyo ngonyaka ngenxa yecuba (oyena mthombo wenicotine, kuba ayiyongozi kodwa yenye yezona zinto zinamandla emzimbeni nasengqondweni).
Inikotini inokufumaneka kwi iisigarethi, icuba elihlafunwayo, ii-cigars, ii-hookah essence okanye kwi ulwelo lwe-vaper; apho ngokuzama nje amatyeli ambalwa, umntu angakhawuleza enze ukuxhomekeka kwinto leyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho amawakawaka eendlela zokuyeka ukutshaya kwaye oku kwandisa amathuba okukwazi ukuyeka ukutshaya (kubandakanya ukuba yinto ebiza kakhulu); nangona uninzi lubuyela kwakhona ngaxa lithile ebomini babo.
Iziphumo zenicotine, njengakwizinto ezininzi, ziya kuxhomekeka kwidosi esetyenzisiweyo. Ngokwesiqhelo isetyenziswa njengesikhuthazi, ikwanciphisa ukungabinamdla kwaye inokuphucula imemori. Kwelinye icala, iziphumo ezibi zezi zilandelayo:
- Ukuxhomekeka kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
- Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kumisiwe, isifo sokurhoxa kunokuba yinto eyiphupha; Okubandakanya iimpawu ezinje ngoxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, ukozela, intloko ebuhlungu kunye neengxaki zoxinzelelo.
Utywala
Eli lelokuqala kwezona zisetyenziswa gwenxa iziyobisi ezisemthethweni emhlabeni, ngaphandle kokuba zibangele ukwenzakala kulowo uzisebenzisayo, zikwabeka imeko yabo esichengeni (isimo sengqondo sobundlobongela, ingozi yendlela, phakathi kwabanye). Abantu abayisebenzisayo banokunyamezela ngokukhawuleza, bafuna utywala obuninzi ukuba banxile. Eli chiza likhoboka emzimbeni nasengqondweni.
Phakathi Iziphumo zotywala singafumana umahluko ngokwexabiso elifunisiweyo, njengakwimeko ezininzi. Ukuba ityiwa ngesixa esincinci, inokuvelisa imincili, uyolo kunye nemvakalelo yamandla amakhulu; Ngelixa kumanani amakhulu, abantu baye bangathinteleki eluntwini kwaye banokufumana iimpembelelo zoxinzelelo (esinye sezizathu ezibangela ukuxhomekeka kwinto leyo).
Kucingwa ukuba utywala (apho siza kuthetha ngelinye ixesha) ingxaki yempilo eqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi; eziye zibangele iziphumo ezibi emzimbeni womntu, ezinje ngokulala, ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo okanye intliziyo, uxinzelelo (ngokungaqhelekanga), iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ngepancreas okanye isibindi kunye nokuphazamiseka okungafaniyo.
Iiopioids kunye neopioates
Bayayiguqula okanye bayitshintshe inkqubo ye-nervous yabantu abayisebenzisayo, apho izinto zihlala zisebenza njenge-analgesic kodwa zikwanazo nezinye iziphumo zomdla. Phakathi kwazo kukho iziyobisi ezininzi ezisemthethweni nezingekho mthethweni, ezinje nge iheroin, buprenorphine, imethadone, papaverine, noscapine, thebaine, codeine kunye morphine. Nganye inazo ezineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kunye nexesha elifanayo (nangona zifana).
Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuhlala kunyango lwesiNtu, kuba umzekelo, ivumela isigulana esinomhlaza ongapheliyo ukuba singabinantlungu ibangelwa sesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, bayinxalenye ye- iziyobisi ezisemthethweni, enokuthi ikhokelele isigulana sonyango ukuba sisebenzise iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Eyona ngxaki iphambili kwii-opioids kukuba ukunyamezelana kuphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba isigulana sinokufuna idosi ephezulu ukunyanga iimpawu ezizivezayo; Ingxaki oogqirha ekufuneka beyazi, njengoko abanye abantu benokuphuhlisa ukunyamezelana ngenxa yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi.
Phakathi kweziphumo zeopioid kunye neopioates esizifumanayo: ukunciphisa iintlungu, ukozela, isicaphucaphu, ukuqhina, kunye nokudideka kwengqondo. Kwizixa ezikhulu kunokubangela iingxaki kwingqondo, ngakumbi kwimimandla enoxanduva lokufumana umvuzo okanye ukoneliseka; Kananjalo banokuba neengxaki ngokuphefumla.
Caffeine
Phakathi kweziyobisi ezisemthethweni esidumileyo sifumana icaffeine, edla ngokusetyenziswa kwikofu; nangona kunokwenzeka ukuyifumana kwezinye iziselo ezinje ngeti okanye ukutya okufana netshokholethi emnyama, phakathi kwabanye.
Iziphumo zekofu zihlala zikhuthaza, yiyo loo nto abantu besela ikofu kusasa okanye ngorhatya ukuze bandise intsebenzo. Nangona olu hlobo lokusetyenziswa lunokuvelisa ukuxhomekeka kwinto leyo, ethi nangona ingeyongozi kumanani asezantsi (nditsho nezifundo ezahlukeneyo zibonise ukuba ziluncedo kwimpilo); Ukuba iselwe kakhulu, iingxaki zempilo zinokwenzeka (ngakumbi kubantu abancinci), ezinje:
- Iingxaki kwinkqubo yokwetyisa kunye nasesiswini.
- Kunzima ukulala.
- Uvalo.
I-Anabolic steroids
Yiyo iziyobisi ezisemthethweni Phakathi kwezona zaziwayo, zisetyenziselwa ngokusemthethweni ukunyanga iingxaki ezinje ngamanqanaba e-testosterone angaphantsi kwe-avareji okanye ukwakha ubunzima bemisipha kwizigulana ezinesifo esifana noGawulayo okanye ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
Kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokungekho mthethweni kwenziwa sisininzi sabakhi bomzimba kunye nabalandeli bokuguqula umzimba womntu ngokubhekisele kubungakanani bemisipha yabo; Kuba ijolise ekwakheni ubunzima bomzimba obukhulu.
Iziphumo ezibi ze-anabolics zahlukile, kuba uxinzelelo lubonisa ukutshintsha kwemozulu ngokulula, ukubekeka kubundlobongela kunye nokuhlaselwa kweparanoid.
IiBenzodiazepines
La machiza asemthethweni ane Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezonyango, kuba sisiyobisi esisetyenziselwa ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka okunokukuvelisa. Ixhaphake kakhulu kumayeza afanelekileyo anje Valium o Rivotril ngeenjongo zonyango, kodwa ezi zinokuvelisa ngokulula iziyobisi ngenxa yonyamezelo lwayo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuxhomekeka emzimbeni okubangelwa sisenzo samalungu emzimbeni womntu.
Iziphumo zalo ziyafana nezinye iziyobisi ezinje ngotywala, nangona zinefuthe lokuthomalalisa inqanaba eliphezulu. Ukuxhatshazwa kwayo kunokuba neziphumo ezibi emzimbeni.
Iziselo zamandla
Iifutha zikwaqwalaselwa njenge iziyobisi ezinokufunyanwa ngokusemthethweni, kuba ivelisa iimpembelelo ezikhuthazayo emzimbeni kwaye njengoko sibonile ekuqaleni, nayiphi na into eguqula umzimba ithathwa kanjalo.
Izinto ezivelele kwi iziselo zamandla Babesele benekhofiine esele ikho kunye ne-taurine. Eyokuqala ingoyena mntu uphambili ekubangeleni ukuba likhoboka okanye ukuxhomekeka kunye neengxaki zempilo xa isetyenziswa gwenxa ekusebenziseni (ezi ziselo zinedosi ephezulu yecaffeine).
Okokugqibela, ukongeza kwiingxaki ezikhankanyiweyo malunga nokuphathwa gadalala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba iziphene zihlala zenzeka xa zidityaniswe nezinye izinto ezinje ngotywala, kuba ukudityaniswa kwazo zombini kunokuba yingozi.
Isikhohlela isiraphu
Okwexesha elithile ngoku (kwaye ngoku ndibulela kakhulu kuhlobo lomculo Umgibe), ukusetyenziswa kweesiraphu zokukhohlela kube sisiqabu kwabo bangamakhoboka angabinakho ukufumana iziyobisi ezomeleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje abantu abaninzi ngokuzonwabisa basebenzisa iidosi eziphezulu zesiraphu ukufezekisa ukunxila kwaye ke bonwabele iziphumo zazo.
Phakathi kweekhompawundi ezaziwayo zezi codeine kunye neDMXZombini zazisetyenziselwa ukucinezela ukukhwehlela okomileyo, kodwa njengoko besitshilo, kunokuwuguqula umzimba kwiidosi eziphezulu (ekulula ukuzifumana ngokuthenga ibhotile).
- I-Codeine yinxalenye yezinto ezikhutshwe kwi-opium, oko kukuthi, iyinxalenye ye-opioids. Ivelisa ukuthambisa kunye iintlungu. Kwamanye amazwe kunokwenzeka ukuba uyifumane ngaphandle kommiselo kagqirha, nangona mva nje ingqongqo ngakumbi.
- I-DMX yenxalenye yayo ikwayi-opioid, ebangela ukunxila okufana noko kwentsangu kunye notywala, iziphumo ezikhuthazayo kunye needosi eziphezulu kunokuba kukuzibandakanya kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kuyafana ne-hallucinogen.
Zombini iziyobisi ezisemthethweni ezinokuthengwa ezikhemesti ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuba azikho kwezinye isiraphu sokukhohlela, Banokufumaneka kwi-lozenges ebandayo.
Iziphumo ezibi zezinto zihlala zingaboni kakuhle, iingxaki kwinkqubo yokwetyisa, iingxaki zengqondo ezinokuhlala amaxesha ahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeka kumthamo ofakiweyo kunye nakwiidosi eziphezulu kunokubonisa ukuqhambuka kwengqondo okanye kubangele ukonakala kwengqondo (ukuba ikwasebenzisa rhoqo) .
Siyathemba ukuba esi sithuba kunye namachiza athandwa kakhulu asemthethweni kunye nenkcazo emfutshane yeempawu zabo kukuthanda kwakho. Ukuba unawo nawaphi na amathandabuzo okanye imibuzo, ungalibali ukusibhalela kwibhokisi yezimvo.
molweni 🙂
molo ndichukumisekile