Nge-18 ka-Okthobha u-1931, kwasweleka omnye wabasunguli bezinto zobuntu, uThomas Edison, umbhali wamabinzana abaluleke kangaka naziwa njenge "Amava awaze asilele, ahlala engqina into ethile." Ukukhumbula umhla wokufa kwakhe, Ndikulethela iinqwenela ezili-10 ngobomi bakhe.
- Ngo-1877, uThomas Edison wacebisa ukusebenzisa igama "molo" njengombuliso womnxeba. Kubonakala ngathi le ngcamango yaqwalaselwa.
- Umzi mveliso weemovie wazinza eHollywood kuba abenzi beefilimu babezama ukubaleka kuThomas Edison (ozinze eNew Jersey). U-Edison wayenelungelo lobunikazi kwiikhamera zemifanekiso eshukumayo.
- UHenry Ford ugcina umhlobo wakhe wokugqibela u-Thomas Edison kwityhubhu yovavanyo. Okwangoku iboniswa kwiMyuziyam yaseFord.
- Wayenelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ngaphezulu kwe-1000 (ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe ebudaleni wenza into qho ngeentsuku ezili-15).
- UThomas Edison umbane we-Topsy, indlovu yeesekisi, ukubonisa ukuba ukutshintshwa kwamanje kuyingozi. Kukho ividiyo erekhodiweyo ngalo mzuzu.
- Kukho amarhe okuba bobabini uNikola Tesla noThomas Edison bayikhabalela iNobel Prize kwiFizikiki kuba benqabile ukuyaba njengoko bobabini babesoloko behlaziswa.
- UThomas Edison wayenepateni yamanqaku ayi-5 edumileyo ebhalwe tattoo kwingalo yakhe. Ngapha koko, izixhobo zeetattoo amagcisa azisebenzisayo namhlanje kukuvela kweepeni ezenziwa nguEdison ngo-1876.
- Esinye sezizathu zokuba uThomas Edison enze igramafoni kukurekhoda amagama okugqibela kunye neminqweno yabantu abafayo. Umthombo
- Ngokwentombi yakhe, uMarion Estelle Edison, uThomas Edison wacebisa umfazi wakhe ukusebenzisa ikhowudi yeMorse.
- UThomas Edison akazange ayile ibhalbhu yokuqala. U-Matthew Matthew Evans wase-Canada wasungula ibhalbhu yokuqala ye-incandescent ngo-1874, kwiminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi kokuba bathengise ilungelo lobunikazi ku-Edison ngama- $ 5000.
Ndandisoyika ubumnyama
Ukuba kukho ukwazi ngoThomas Edison ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu owaziyo kodwa okutsala umdla, kukuba woyika ubumnyama. Wayethathwa ngokuba yingqondi, ongomnye wabaqambi ababalaseleyo emhlabeni. Uyaziwa kakhulu ngezinto ezimbini ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Enye yayingumanduleli weerekhodi ze-vinyl, iigramafoni, eyayikwazi ukurekhoda iphinde ivelise izandi, kunye nebhalbhu yesibane se-incandescent., eyayingoyena ndoqo wazo zonke izindlu amashumi eminyaka.
Mhlawumbi ibhalbhu yesibane yayiyilwe yimfuneko. Nangona ibhalbhu yokukhanya yayingeyiyo ingcinga yakhe, uThomas Edison wayengowokuqala ukwenza isibane esithembekileyo nesisebenza ngombane. Ngaphambi kokuyilwa kwayo, umntu oqhelekileyo wayexhomekeke kumadangatye ekukhanyeni, njengokukhanya kwegesi, amakhandlela kunye nezibane zeparafini. Ibhalbhu yesibane ibatshabalalisile abantu abaninzi.
Mhlawumbi amandla okuqhuba emva kokuyilwa yayikukuba uThomas Edison wayesaba ubumnyama. Ewe kunjalo, uThomas Edison woyika ubumnyama. Utyhile ukoyika kwakhe ubumnyama ngexesha lodliwanondlebe. Xa u-Edison wasweleka, wasweleka kunye nezibane zonke endlwini yakhe.
Ngelixa abaninzi banokuzibuza ukuba kutheni umntu okrelekrele njengoThomas Edison esoyika ubumnyama, ayinanto yakwenza nobukrelekrele. Uloyiko lutyekelo lwendalo, kwaye lona ngokwalo lunokungabi nangqondo kwabona bantu banengqondo.
Olunye uveliso lukaThomas Edison
Ukongeza kwigramafoni okanye ibhalbhu yesibane, uThomas Edison naye wayenento yokwenza nezinye izinto ezatshintsha umhlaba njengoko wawusaziwa ngelo xesha. Emva koko siza kukuxelela malunga nezinto ezimbini malunga nezinto zakhe ezinokuthi ungazi ngazo.
Iinkqubo zombane ezihambele phambili
Kwakungowe-1882 apho isikhululo samandla sokuqala sorhwebo, esisePearl Street emazantsi eManhattan, saqala ukusebenza, sibonelela ngokukhanya nombane kubathengi kwindawo encinci. Ixesha lombane laqala njengoko ishishini lavela kamva. Isikhululo soPhetshana soMbane sikaThomas Edison ePearl Street sazisa ngezinto ezine eziphambili zenkqubo yezixhobo zombane zale mihla. Ibonakalisa isiseko esithembakeleyo, ukuhanjiswa okusebenzayo, ukusetyenziswa kokuphela okuphumelelayo, kunye namaxabiso okhuphiswano.
Imfuno yombane ayizange iyeke ukukhula kwaye isuka ekubeni yinkonzo yasebusuku ukuya kwinkonzo yeeyure ezingama-24 ngenxa yemfuno yombane kwiimfuno zeshishini. Impumelelo yezibane zombane ikhokelele uThomas Edison kwiindawo eziphakamileyo nodumo nobutyebi njengoko umbane usasazeka kwihlabathi liphela. Iinkampani zayo ezahlukeneyo zombane zaqhubeka zikhula de zadityaniswa zaza zabumba u-Edison General Electric ngo-1889.
Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwegama lakhe kwitayitile yenkampani, uEdison akazange ayilawule inkampani. Isixa esikhulu semali eyinkunzi efunekayo ekuphuhliseni ishishini lesibane se-incandescent sinokufuna ukubandakanyeka koobhanki abakhulu. Xa u-Edison Jikelele woMbane wadityaniswa nokhuphiswano olukhokelayo u-Thompson-Houston ngo-1892, u-Edison wemka kwigama kwaye inkampani yaba ngu-General Electric.
Iifilimu
Umdla kaThomas Edison kwiifilimu waqala ngaphambi kuka-1888, kodwa yayilutyelelo lomfoti waseNgilane u-Eadweard Muybridge kwilebhu yakhe eseWest Orange ngoFebruwari waloo nyaka eyamkhuthazayo ukuba asungule ikhamera yeefilimu.
U-Muybridge ucebise ukuba basebenzisane kwaye badibanise iZoopraxiscope kunye ne-Edison phonograph. U-Edison wayenomdla kodwa wakhetha ukungathathi nxaxheba kumbutho onjalo kuba wayeziva ukuba iZoopraxiscope yayingeyona ndlela isebenzayo okanye efanelekileyo yokurekhoda intshukumo.
Nangona kunjalo, wawuthanda lo mbono kwaye wafaka isilumkiso kwiOfisi yePatent ngo-Okthobha u-17, ngo-1888, ukuba uchaze izimvo zakhe ngesixhobo "esinokwenzela iliso okwenziwa yigramafoni endlebeni": rekhoda uphinde uvelise izinto ezihambayo. Isixhobo, esibizwa ngokuba yi 'Kinetoscope', yayiyindibaniselwano yamagama esiGrike athi 'kineto' athetha 'intshukumo' kunye 'neescopos' oko kukuthi 'ukujonga'.
Iqela likaEdison lagqiba ukuvelisa iKinetoscope ngo-1891. Enye yeefilimu zokuqala zikaEdison (kunye nefilimu yokuqala enamalungelo okushicilela) yabonisa umqeshwa wakhe uFred Ott ezenza ngathi uthimla. Nangona kunjalo, eyona ngxaki iphambili ngelo xesha yayikukuba akukho bhanyabhanya mhle webhanyabhanya.
Konke okutshintshileyo ngo-1893 xa u-Eastman Kodak eqala ukubonelela ngemifanekiso eshukumayo, esenza ukuba uEdison anyuse imveliso yeefilimu ezintsha. Wakha istudiyo sokuvelisa imovie eNew Jersey esasinophahla olunokuvulwa kungene emini. Isakhiwo sonke sakhiwe ngendlela yokuba sikwazi ukushukuma sihambelane nelanga.
C. UFrancis Jenkins noThomas Armat basungula iprojektha yemuvi ebizwa ngokuba yiVitascope kwaye bacela uEdison ukuba abonelele imiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye nokwenza iprojektha phantsi kwegama labo. Ekugqibeleni, iNkampani ye-Edison yavelisa iprojektha yayo, eyaziwa ngokuba yiProjekoscope, kwaye yayeka iVitascope. Iifilimu zokuqala ukuboniswa kwi "theatre" e-United States zakhutshwa zaya kuluntu ngo-Epreli 23, 1896, kwisiXeko saseNew York.
Ezi zizinto nje ezimbalwa malunga noThomas Edison onokungazi, kuba njengaye nawuphi na umntu odumileyo wexesha lakhe, kwakulula ukuphosa ezinye iinkcukacha ngenxa yamashumi eminyaka adlulileyo ukusukela ngoko. Nangona sibulela kulwazi oluqokelelweyo sikwazile ukuqokelela le minqweno ukuze, uyazi, kancinci malunga nale ngqondi, nangona yoyika ubumnyama, ukwazile ukwenza izinto ezitshintshe ikhosi yoluntu.
U-Edison isela lobunikazi! Akuqhelekanga ukuba u-Edison abe ngumhlobo kunye neFord, i-anti-Semite, kunye no-Edison ngokwakhe ulisela lobunikazi, abaninzi babo kuTesla, owayefuna ukususa endleleni yakhe nayiphi na indleko ngenxa yeminqweno yakhe. Umjelo wayo othe ngqo wawungenamsebenzi kwaye awuzange usebenze ngenjongo yokukhanyisa iplanethi. Kwaye wayengazi nokuba akazange ayile ibhalbhu yesibane. U-Edison wasebenzela imali kunye ne-ego yakhe, uNikola Tesla ukunika amandla asimahla kwihlabathi kunye nokulunga koluntu. Ndihlala ndimncoma u-Einstein, kodwa ngoku ndiyaqonda ukuba uTesla wayengcono kakhulu ngamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza angaphezu kwama-800, naye owajamelana nobusela babantu abaninzi.
Molt bo !!
Ayithethi kwanto malunga nokuzithemba kukaThomas Alva Edison ukuba angabona enye inxenye yendlela awayezithemba ngayo kwaye ndingayixabisa loo nto yophando olwenziwe ngoMvulo, nge-21 ka-Agasti.