Nawuphi na umzali onomntwana ofikisayo ekhaya uyakuyazi ukuba linqanaba elinzima kwaye nangona bafuna ukubonisa ubuwena okanye inkululeko, enyanisweni baxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimfundiso nakwisikhokelo sabazali. Inqanaba lokufikisa liqala ebusheni apho amakhwenkwe namantombazana aqala ukukhula ngokukhula komzimba, iinwele ezingakumbi kunye namavumba omeleleyo omzimba.
Amanqanaba okufikisa azele lutshintsho olukhulu emzimbeni, ngokwengqondo, ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasentlalweni. Abakwishumi elivisayo baziva ngathi bakugqatso apho umgca wokuqalisa ukude kakhulu… Kufuneka baye kakhulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kukho umahluko ngokwahlukeneyo kumda wokukhula, Ukufikisa kungacingwa ngokubanzi kwizigaba okanye kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Zonke izigaba zibalulekile kuba ziyindlela eya kubakhokelela kubomi babantu abadala. Bakha ubuni babo ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni… yinkqubo yokuvuthwa ekufuneka beyenzile ukuze babe ngabantu abadala abasempilweni.
Ukufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha
Ixesha lokufikisa liphakathi kweminyaka esi-8 neli-11 kwaye linqanaba elidlula phakathi kobuntwana kunye nokufikisa. Kwezinye iingcali eli nqanaba lisesebuntwaneni kwaye kwabanye lelokufikisa ... Kodwa into eqinisekileyo kukuba eli nqanaba lihambelana nokufikisa emakhwenkweni nasemantombazaneni.
Utshintsho lomzimba kweli nqanaba luyamangalisa. Amathambo aqala ukukhula kwaye abantwana banexesha elinzima lokulungelelanisa iintshukumo kwaye banokuziva iintlungu kumalungu abo. Ngokumalunga notshintsho lwengqondo, kukho inkqubela phambili yengqondo kuba bayakwazi ukucinga ngokungaqondakaliyo ngokuchaneka okukhulu. Banokubonakalisa iimeko zokuthelekelela okanye ekusebenzeni okunengqiqo nakwimathematika. Zichongwa ngokobuni bazo. Eli nqanaba alithathwa njengeqonga kwezinye iimeko kwaye kwezinye, bayadibanisa nelilandelayo, elinokuba kukufikisa kwasekuqaleni.
Ixesha lokufikisa
Kwabanye, ixesha lokufikisa liqala kwiminyaka eyi-11 kwaye lihlala kude kube li-15, kwabanye liqala nge-10 kwaye liqhubeke kude kube li-13 ... nangona ihlala ithande ukuba kude ngaphambili emantombazaneni, ngakumbi ngokufika kokuqala kokuya exesheni. Olu tshintsho lubandakanya ukubonakala kweenwele zomzimba, ukukhula kwamabele kumantombazana kunye nelungu lobufazi elikhulu kumakhwenkwe, kunye nevumba lomzimba elinamandla
Ngapha koko, eli lixesha lokukhula komntu okukhawulezayo ngaphandle kobuntwana. Utshintsho oluninzi ngaxeshanye lubenza babonakale, into ekhokelela ekubeni abantwana bazazi kwaye bazithelekise noontanga babo.
Ngokubhekisele kutshintsho lomzimba oluphawulwe kwilizwi, umzimba uqala ukubonakala ngakumbi kubantu abadala, bafuna ukulala ngakumbi. Amabala aqala ukuvela ebusweni. Ngokubhekisele kutshintsho lwengqondo, amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana baqala ukujonga izalathiso ngaphandle kwemeko yosapho kwaye baqala ukwakha ukuzithemba nokuzithemba. Bakhangela ubunikazi babo kwaye baxabise uluvo lwabanye.
Basenendlela yokucinga egocentric nangona bafuna ukuqonda nembono yabanye abantu. Le asiyompazamo yomlinganiswa; Ngelixa bekwazi ukucinga ngokucinga, iicortex zangaphambili zabo zisaphuhliswa. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokubenza ukuba babandakanyeke kwiimpembelelo ezimbi. Ulutsha oluncinci alulunganga kwimisebenzi efuna ukucwangciswa kwexesha elide kwaye luthanda ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni okungxamisekileyo. Banomdla omncinci ekwenzeni izinto nabazali babo kwaye banokuqalisa ukohlwaya ngendlela embi. Amaqela abahlobo aya ebaluleke ngakumbi kwaye ubuninzi bahlala buxabisa umgangatho xa kufikwa kubuhlobo ...
Ixesha lokufikisa
Utshintsho lomzimba luyaqhubeka ukuya kulutsha oluphakathi, okanye malunga neminyaka eli-14-16. Ubume bomzimba kunye nobunzima bamathambo buqala ukutshintsha, kunye nobunzima bomzimba obucekeceke obonyuka kubafana kunye nokuhla kwamantombazana.
Ukubaluleka kwamaqela abahlobo aqala kwinqanaba lokufikisa kuyanda, kakhulu kukudana kwabazali. Iimbambano nabazali kunye nabanonopheli zihlala zihleli, kwaye abakwishumi elivisayo bachitha ixesha elininzi kunye nabahlobo babo. Ukudibana kwezentlalo kuyanda ukubandakanya ubudlelwane bezothando kwaye kunokukhokelela kuvavanyo ngokwesondo kunye nokusebenza ngokwesondo.
Eli inokuba lixesha elinzima kubazali nasebantwaneni, kuba nangona ulutsha olukwiminyaka ephakathi lunovelwano, lucinga, kwaye lucwangcise ngokungathethekiyo kunabantwana abancinci, basenombono wokungonakali komntwana. Eli xesha likwabonakaliswa ziimvakalelo zamandla onke kunye nokungafi, okukhokelela kumngcipheko owandileyo. Bavuzwa ngenkuthazo yentlalontle enxulunyaniswa namaqela oontanga kwaye ngokuthatha umngcipheko omnandi, Kwaye le mivuzo ikholisa ukodlula ukucinga okuqinisekileyo okanye ukulibaziseka kolwaneliseko.
Ukufikisa emva kwexesha
Ukufikisa emva kwexesha kunokwanda ukusuka kwi-17 ukuya kwi-21 yeminyaka ubudala, ukuya ebudaleni, ngakumbi emadodeni. Ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abaninzi baya kubonakala bekhulile, kodwa iingqondo zabo zisaqhubeka nokukhulisa iimpawu zokuba ngabantu abadala: izakhono zokucwangcisa kwangaphambili, ukulibazisa ukuzanelisa kunye nokuzibophelela.
Ukuvuthwa kwengqondo okugcweleyo kuyaqhubeka nokuba mdala. I-cortex yangaphambili ayikhuphi kude kube phakathi kwe-XNUMXs. Ukusukela eli nqanaba lihambelana nokuza kweminyaka, abakwishumi elivisayo bakusekele ukuzimela kwabo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, oku kubenza ukuba bacele ingcebiso kubazali.
Amaqela oontanga angabalulekanga njengendlela yokuchaza izazisi zabo. Oko kunokuba yintuthuzelo kubazali ababone abantwana babo bekhula ngokwahlukeneyo ngexesha lokufikisa, kwindlela eya ebuntwini obukhulu. Kuyintsimbi emnandi ukukhulisa umntu ophumeleleyo kuthetha ukuba ulahlekelwe kukuxhomekeka komntwana.
Kule nqanaba, akukho nanye umkhondo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwaye unolwazi olungakumbi loluntu. Baqala ukucinga ixesha elide kwaye bacinga ngomfanekiso wabo kunye nobuntu njengobuntu babo. Banomdla ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zentlalo ngokubanzi, nakwinto engaphaya kweesangqa zabo zentlalo.