Umthetho uyiseti yemigaqo esetyenziswayo enika ukulingana, ukulingana, ibhalansi, inkululeko, ukwahlulwa kwemisebenzi eluntwini ukufezekisa ukuhlalisana.
Umthetho uchazwa njengayo yonke loo mithetho yenzelwe ukugcina ulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha kwezentlalo, egwetyelwa ukuba kukho umntu owaphulayo ngokufanayo.
Oku kunokuhlelwa ngamasebe amabini ahlukaniswe ngumntu okanye iqumrhu ekubhekiswa kuye izibophelelo, kwimeko yokuba ibhekise kurhulumente, ibingathetha ngomthetho woluntu, kwaye xa inonxibelelwano, lilungelo labucala.
Olu luhlu ngalunye luchazwe apha ngasentla lunamacandelwana azenzileyo.
Ukwahlula-hlulwa komthetho wabucala
Umthetho wezorhwebo
Yiseti yemithetho emisela iiparameter zamashishini, apho baziva bekhululekile kwaye bekhuselekile xa besenza imicimbi yabo okanye ukuthengisa, njengoko urhwebo lukhule ngesantya esikhulu, kuyilwe imithetho emitsha ekhusela abaxhamlayo ngala malungelo.
Isenzo sithathwa njengezorhwebo, xa singena kwicandelo lezorhwebo, yiyo loo nto iya kuchaphazeleka kolu hlobo lwelungelo. Oku kwaziwa njenge "mthetho wezorhwebo."
Umthetho wezabasebenzi: Le setethi yemithetho ilawula zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi ezikhoyo, nokuba zixhomekeke kuwe okanye uziqeshile, uqinisekisa ukuba abo babandakanyekayo kulo banemali eseleyo ngokomsebenzi.
Olu hlobo lwelungelo lwaziwa njenge "lwentlalo" okanye "umsebenzi"
Umthetho woluntu
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yikhowudi yoluntu, isekwe kukhuseleko loluntu luphela, njengabantu ngokubanzi, usapho, ipropathi kunye nezinto abanazo, umsebenzi, indlu, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Olu luhlu lomthetho lubandakanya bonke abo benza uluntu.
Ukwahlula-hlulwa komthetho woluntu
Umthetho wolawulo
Iseti yemithetho yezomthetho elawula inkqubo yolawulo lukarhulumente, enoxanduva lokugcina ukulunga okuqhelekileyo kukarhulumente ngokubanzi, iinkonzo zakhe, uluntu, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Xa kukho nakuphi na ukusilela kwiinkqubo zomthetho okanye zomthetho okanye ezinento yokwenza nje norhulumente, ummi unokubhenela enkundleni, asebenzise amalungelo akhe, ejongene nemingcipheko into ethile efuna ukungenelela kuyo.
Umthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho
Yenziwe zizo zonke izohlwayo ezinokunikezelwa kubantu abathile ezichaphazela amalungelo abanye abantu, ezo zinto zinokuba zezi: ukuphanga, ukuphanga, ukubetha, phakathi kwabanye.
Olu luhlu lomthetho luyimfuneko eluntwini, kuba inani elincinci labemi alinamdla kwintlalontle yoluntu, kwaye kufanele ukuba bohlwaywe, kuba ukuba abaqhubeki ngale ndlela, kuya kubakho isiphithiphithi phakathi koluntu luphela.
Kukho imeko yaseburhulumenteni, eyokhuseleko, ejongene nokuthintela olu hlobo lweemeko.
Ilungelo loMgaqo-siseko
Oku kulawula onke amalungelo ombuso, ngokunxulumene namaqumrhu oorhulumente ahlukeneyo nabemi.
Oku kulawula ukufunda umxholo wamalungelo oluntu, kunye nomgaqo-siseko kunye norhulumente.
Ngubani okhusela amalungelo?
Amagqwetha ayakhumbula kuyo yonke inkqubo yemfundo yabo yobungcali iziseko zomthetho ezifana nokulingana, ukulingana kunye nemisebenzi yabemi.
Basebenza njengeqela ukufezekisa injongo yabo ekuphela kwayo, ekwaneliseka kwabaxumi ngeenkonzo zabo, ukubacebisa nokubakhokela kwiimeko zomthetho apho nabani na ngaphandle kwezi zifundo angenakuba nalo ulwazi oluncinci.
Ezi zinemigaqo esekwe kubuchwephesha babo, eyona iphambili kukuhlonipha abathengi, ukuqhelaniswa nemicimbi yezomthetho, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezigqwesileyo ukuze abathengi bazive bekhululekile xa benabo, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba phantsi kogcino lwabo olusemthethweni baya kuqinisekiswa ngokuzalisekiswa kwamalungelo Phambi kwalo naliphi na iqumrhu elisemthethweni.
Urhulumente namalungelo
Oku kunawo onke amandla okunikela ngemithetho emitsha kumgaqo-siseko, oku ngokweemfuno zoluntu oluchaphazelekayo, ewe, oku kukhokelwa ngamalungelo endalo iphela, njengamalungelo oluntu, anomsebenzi ophambili wentlalontle iyonke uhlanga loluntu, ukuqinisekisa inkululeko yabo kwihlabathi lonke.
Ukwandiswa komthetho wolu hlobo, ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuyileni amagqwetha, amagqwetha epalamente, kunye nepalamente, ethi ixoxe ngokuba ingaba umthetho ocetywayo ungabachaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo okanye ngokungalunganga na uluntu, kubalulekile.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nomthetho woluntu
Bayakhankanywa kuba uninzi lwamatyala anokufikelela enkundleni kungenxa yokwaphulwa komthetho othile onxulumene nawo, kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokuhlelwa komthetho, okuza kuchazwa apha ngezantsi:
- Xa ukubulala kwenziwa, ityala elibi lenziwa phambi koluntu luphela, olu hlobo lwesenzo lungena kumthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye kula matyala umtshutshisi ngoyena uveza ityala elifanayo enkundleni. Kwimeko yetyala lomthetho waseburhulumenteni, elityala liya kuziswa lixhoba elifanayo.
- Abatyholwa ngolwaphulo-mthetho banandipha ukhuselo oluthile olungafumanekiyo kwabo bakwimeko yoluntu.
- Kumatyala embambano, ubungqina bunokungachazeki, kwelinye icala xa sithetha ngesigaba solwaphulo-mthetho, nakuphi na ukuthandabuza okukhoyo malunga nesenzo esenziweyo kufuneka kucaciswe, kuboniswe ubungqina obugqibeleleyo ngelo xesha.
- Amatyala embambano awanikwanga igqwetha elihlawulwe ngurhulumente, endaweni yoko abo bahluphekayo kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho banelungelo elipheleleyo lokufumana inkxaso yegqwetha, kwaye ukuba igqwetha alinakho ukuhlawula, urhulumente makalinike.
- Isohlwayo esibekiweyo sikwahluka, kumatyala embambano ikakhulu izohlwayo zemali, ukuhlawulwa kwezohlwayo, okanye ukupheliswa kwemvume okanye iilayisensi.
- Amatyala embambano aqhelekile ukuba aphathwe yijaji, nangona ijaji ingenakufane ibekho, ngelixa kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kukho ijaji ngokuxoxwa kwetyala.