Kude kube kudala kwakucingwa ukuba ulwazi lugcinwe kwiimodyuli ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. Isazinzulu saseSpain uJoaquin Fuster ucebise ukuba inkumbulo kunye nomphefumlo zivele kwinethiwekhi enkulu yengqondo, edityaniswe kwenye.
I-Neurons inokufa ebuchotsheni, kodwa inkumbulo yobuso bomntu inokuhlala ngokusisigxina kwimemori, igcinwa phi le nkumbulo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba kukho iiseli kunye neeuron ezifa? Imemori inokuhlala ixesha elide kuba iimeko zeemvakalelo apho imemori ifunyenwe zinokwakhiwa ngokuqinileyo ngenxa yemozulu yeemvakalelo. Yintoni egqithisile, ekuhambeni kobomi ezi nkumbulo zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Zininzi iintlobo zememori kwaye uhlobo lwenkumbulo olushiyekileyo lukwabalulekile. Ezi nkumbulo ziyenziwa ngexesha lobomi kwaye ke zihlala kodwa kwangaxeshanye unxibelelwano lubuthathaka kwaye imemori ilahlekile, kodwa ezintsha ziyenziwa. Icebo lokufumana inkumbulo entsha kunye nokuphucula ingqondo kukusebenzisa ingqondo yakho. Ukuzilolonga komzimba kubalulekile njengokusebenzisa ingqondo.
I-Neurons ayifi ngokungenakulungiseka xa uneminyaka engama-40
Kwakucingelwa ukuba ukusukela kwiminyaka engama-40 yee-neurons isweleke kwingqondo yabantu ngendlela engenakulungiseka, oku kusishiyele umfanekiso omfiliba ngokwengqondo. Ngoku siyazi ukuba abafi, kuphela kukudibana phakathi kwabo okunciphayo. Ii-neurons ezintsha zizalwa kubo bonke ubomi, ngakumbi kwindawo yokufunda kunye nenkumbulo, kodwa ngenxa yoku kufuneka zikhuthazwe ngokwenza umthambo wengqondo.
Iminyaka yobudala evuthiweyo ifikelela kwiminyaka engama-30 kwaye ukusukela ngoko kwingqondo iqala ukuguga. Oku kunokuthintelwa okanye ukulibaziseka ngokwenza umthambo. UPaco Mora usinceda ngeengcebiso ezili-12 ekufuneka bonke abantu bazithathele ingqalelo ukuzenza yonke imihla yobomi bethu. Ngale ndlela, izifo ezinje ngesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, iParkinson's okanye i-Alzheimer's zinokuthintelwa.
Iingcebiso ezili-12 zengqondo esempilweni
Ungaphoswa ziingcebiso ezivela kuPaco Mora ukuze ingqondo yakho yomelele kwaye isempilweni:
- Yitya kancinci. Ukutya ngaphezulu kunokuba sifuna ukonyusa uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kwingqondo ehlasela iiproteni, i-lipids, iDNA kunye nengqondo. Ukutya okumbalwa kunyusa ukuveliswa kwee-neurons ezintsha kwi-hippocampus, ukwandisa isynapse, kunye nokwenza ngcono iindlela zokulungisa i-neuronal.
- Yenza imidlalo rhoqo. Ukwenza imidlalo ye-aerobic ihlala ifihla izinto ezinefuthe kubuninzi beplastiki kwingqondo, ii-synapses phakathi kwee-neurons ziyomelezwa kwaye ukufunda kunye nenkumbulo kuyaphuculwa.
- Yenza umthambo wengqondo yonke imihla. Ukufunda okanye ukwenza amagama aphambili akwanele, kuya kufuneka uvuselele ingqondo. Ukufunda ulwimi olutsha ngumzekelo omhle wokuzilolonga nengqondo efuna umgudu kodwa kuzisa uyolo kuba iluncedo kwaye abanye bayasithanda.
- Ukuhamba kakhulu. Ukuhamba kufuna ukufunda nokukhumbula. Isiqhelo siyintlekele kwingqondo, ukongeza ekuhambeni kuvelisa ingqokelela yeemvakalelo ezihambisa ii-neurons.
- Hlalani kunye. Impilo entle yengqondo ivela ekubeni nolwalamano oluhle kunye nokuhlala kunye nabanye. Ukuhanjiswa ngokweemvakalelo kunezibonelelo zeemvakalelo. Abo bahlala neqabane kunye nabahlobo banokuziqhelanisa ngcono notshintsho.
- Lungisa utshintsho. Ukuziqhelanisa kuthetha ukuhlengahlengisa amaxesha. Ukuba ungumntu ozahlula wedwa okanye ucinga ukuba umdala ngento ethile, uyakufumana uxinzelelo lwengqondo kuphela.
- Thintela uxinzelelo olungapheliyo. Uxinzelelo alubi emzimbeni ngenxa yokuba iihomoni zenziwe ezichaphazela ingqondo nomzimba. Eyona nto ilungileyo yokulwa oku kukudlala imidlalo.
- Akukho ukutshaya Ukutshaya kuvelisa ukubetha okuncinci, inicotine ivelisa ukunciphisa inkumbulo kunye neatrophy, ukongeza ibulala ii-neurons kwaye yonyusa uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kwingqondo.
- Lala kakuhle. Sidinga ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezisi-8 zomhlaba qho ebusuku ukuze ingqondo isebenze kwaye ilungise izicwili kwaye isuse ezo nkumbulo zingasisebenzisiyo kwaye zomeleze izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze siphile.
- Gwema ukumnyama ngokweemvakalelo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba siphile ngenkuthazo ebomini, siphile ngemincili nangomdla kuba siyasityhalela ekubeni siphile kwaye siphile.
- Yiba nombulelo. Ukubulela sesona senzo sihle somntu kwaye kusenza sizive silungile, kusivumela ukuba senze amabhondi amatsha kwaye sishiye ngasemva umthwalo weemvakalelo.
- Yonwabela izinto ezincinci. Ukonwabela izinto ezincinci kubalulekile, ngaphandle kokwenza iimfuno ezenza ukuba sibe nomzabalazo okanye uxinzelelo lokuzifumana.
Ulwazi aluzinzanga kwindawo enye yengqondo
Oku kubizwa ngokuba 'yimodyuli yokuqonda' kuba ulwazi aluzinzanga kwindawo enye yengqondo, eyadlulayo. Inethiwekhi ye-neural sisitshixo sememoriEsi sisiseko solwazi lonke kunye nayo yonke imemori, yenziwa kubomi bonke ngamava nakwindibaniselwano phakathi kweemvakalelo kunye nee-neurons.
Iimodyuli zolu lwazi sisiseko sokufunda, kukubona nokuva. Ukuqonda kwememori kunye nolwazi kwinethiwekhi kuba kunxulumene, le yikhowudi yolwazi. I-Gestalt okanye uhlobo lwengqondo luhambelana noku, kuba izinto zinentsingiselo xa zinxulumene namalungu.
Uthungelwano lwe-Neural lolwazi lwenziwa ngumbutho kunye namava kwaye babelane ngeeseli kunye namaqela eseli. Iqela leseli linokuba yinxalenye yeenethiwekhi ezininzi. Yonke into ikhowudi enxulumene nayo ukuze ikwazi ukuyiqonda, ayinakuncitshiswa iye kumalungu ayo asezantsi.
Ingqondo ayisiyo idrowa apho kugcinwa khona iinkumbulo, akukho ndawo ikhethekileyo ekusebenzeni kube kanye, enkosi kwinkqubela phambili kwi-neuroscience lethiyori iye yaxhonywa. Ingqondo inethiwekhi entsonkothileyo kunye neeuron ezidibeneyo. kwaye nganye ngokongeza ekubeni yinxalenye yeenethiwekhi ezininzi, banendima ezininzi ezahlukileyo. Ifana ne-Intanethi. Sinee-neurons ezingama-20 ezigidi ezenza ubuchopho kwaye ezinxulumene omnye nomnye ukwenzela ukuba inkumbulo kunye nengqondo igcine kuthungelwano olusasaziweyo.
Ubudlelwane benziwa ngokwahlukileyo komnye umntu kunakwenye, kodwa iinethiwekhi eziqhelekileyo zabelwana ezinje ngenethiwekhi yenkcubeko, imithetho yolwimi, iimvakalelo ... , Ezihlelwe kwinqanaba le-hierarchical. Ingqondo ithintela iinkumbulo ezingabalulekanga ukubeka phambili izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Ezi ntlobo zintathu zememori zijolise kwikamva
Imemori iseyimfihlakalo kodwa zintathu iintlobo: Imemori yexesha elide (ekuvumela ukuba ukhumbule, umzekelo, izinto ezenzeke kuwe ebuntwaneni bakho), imemori yexesha elifutshane (ekuvumela ukuba ukhumbule inombolo yefowuni de uyibhale ephepheni) kunye nenkumbulo yokusebenza. Le nkumbulo yokugqibela ibaluleke kakhulu ebantwini kuba yiyo esivumela ukuba sidibanise iinkumbulo esizigcinileyo kwaye senze ngokufanelekileyo. Yimemori umzekelo esiyisebenzisayo xa sithetha nomntu.
Ngengqondo sihlengahlengisa okusingqongileyo kwaye kukunxibelelana phakathi kwethu nokusingqongileyo (kwangaphandle nangaphakathi). Kwindlela yokuvela kwendalo, i-cerebral cortex iye yaphuhliswa kwaye umntu sele efumene iipropathi ezizodwa ezivumela izinto ezimbini: ulwimi kunye noqikelelo.
Yonke imisebenzi yesigqeba inomsebenzi, imemori yokusebenza, ukwenza izigqibo, ubuchule bokuyila ... zonke zijolise kwikamva, yenza izinto ukuze ufumane abanye. Ulwazi lokuqonda lohlulwe kulwazi oluntsonkothileyo lokuqonda kuba, nangona benobudlelwane phakathi kwala macandelo mabini (omabini athabatha inxaxheba kumjikelo wentshukumo yokuqonda, isenzo sivelisa utshintsho kwimeko-bume) kwaye inkqubo ibuyiselwa umva. Oku kuthetha ukuba, umzekelo, xa udibana nomntu, uya kumdibanisa loo mntu neemvakalelo zakho kunye nobuhle, kwaye baya kuyifaka umbala umbono waloo mntu kwaye banxibelelane nenkumbulo onayo yaloo mntu okanye abanye abafana nabo ukusabela phambi komntu lowo. Ukuziphatha kunye nolwimi zimodareyithwa.
Umphefumlo usesengqondweni kodwa awukho kumacandelo awo ... Umphefumlo ukwi-network yengqondo.
Umthombo; Inethiwekhi