I-Chemistry igatsha lesayensi okufanele sinikeze kulo iningi lokutholwa nentuthuko abantu abakuzuzile, njengohlanga. Ngenxa yaleli gatsha elithile, kuye kwatholakala ukuthola nokuhlukanisa zonke lezo zinto esizisebenzisa nsuku zonke namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yamakhemikhali, intuthuko seyenziwe emhlabeni wezokwelapha, opulasitiki kanye nokudla.
Kodwa-ke, yize singakwazi konke chemistry usenzele, kuyaqabukela siyeke futhi sizinike isikhathi sokukhumbula, hhayi isayensi uqobo uqobo, kepha lezo zinto ezisivumela ukuba senze lezo zivivinyo ezisizakale kakhulu.
Iflask yaseKitasato ingenye yalezi zinto zaselabhorethri okushiwo okuncane kakhulu ngazo, futhi kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizogqoka ijazi lethu elimhlophe, singene elabhorethri bese sithola ukuthi yini ongayisebenzisa ongayinikwa ngebhokisi leKitasato.
Iyini iflask yaseKitasato?
Ibhokisi leKitasato, noma elibizwa nje ngokuthi i-kitasato, yiflask efakwe phakathi kwezingilazi zelebhu. Ekuchazeni kwayo okuyisisekelo, ibhodlela lika-Erlenmeyer lapho kungezwe khona ithubhu elincane lamasosha noma umbhobho osemaceleni. Isetshenziswe ekuhlolweni ngamanzi, njenge-distillation, iqoqo legesi, ukuhlunga kwe-vacuum, phakathi kwabanye.
Umlando webhokisi le-kitasato
Ukusungulwa kwale flaski kwahlehlela emuva eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu edlule, ngalesi sikhathi udokotela wamagciwane uShibasaburo Kitasato wasiza ndawonye nama-greats amaningi angalesosikhathi ekutholeni izinto ezithathelwanayo nokuqedwa kwazo okwalandela. Ukuthola kwakhe kwaziwa ocwaningweni ngesifo se-bubonic, owayengowokuqala ukuthola ngempumelelo i-ejenti ethelelanayo, kuhudo, i-diphtheria, phakathi kwabanye.
Ngokugxila egatsheni lekhemistri elizinikele kwezokwelapha, wakwazi ukuthuthukisa ngempumelelo iflask ebizwa namuhla enegama lakhe, futhi isetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile ekusebenzeni ngamagesi nezixazululo, ngoba ivumela ukuphuzisa iziphuzo ezilula, ngaphezu kokwenza ukuvuza komshini.
Izici eziyinhloko
Iflask yaseKitasato, evame ukusetshenziswa kuwo womabili ama-laboratories amakhemikhali nezokwelapha, isavame ukudideka namuhla neflaskhi ka-Erlenmeyer, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesimo sayo.
Le flask inesimo esiyindilinga esinentambo evulekile, umlomo ojiyile wokudlula kwezinto, kanye nomugqa omncane wokuvikela ukuchitheka; Futhi ngamafuphi icishe ifane neflask ye-Erlenmeyer. Ingilazi okwenziwe ngayo, noma kunjalo, kumele ibe mkhulu kakhulu ngoba le flask kumele ikwazi ukumelana nengcindezi ephezulu.
Isici salo esikhomba kakhulu ishubhu elincane eliphuma kolunye lwezinhlangothi zalo, engxenyeni encane yebhodlela. Le tube igcwalisa imisebenzi ethokozisayo, ngoba igesi ezohlukana nenye inkomponi izodlula kuyo ukuze ifundwe ngokuhlukile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwale flask
Njengoba kushiwo, ibhodlela leKitasato lenzelwe, noma lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izifundo ezihlobene namanzi. Noma kunjalo, Ubukhulu bayo obukhulu benza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola ezinye izinhlobo zamagesi, njengoba isekela amazinga ehlukene wokucindezela. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuyahlukahluka elabhorethri. Nakhu okuvame kakhulu:
Ukuhlanzeka
I-distillation inqubo lapho kufunwa khona ukukhipha igesi engxenyeni eseyiphenduke igesi ngemuva kokuba ngaphambili yayiyinhlanganisela enegesi noma eqinile. Ngenxa yokusabela amakhemikhali ayahlukana, futhi ukuze asebenze negesi kufanele ikhishwe ukuze kushiye izinsalela eziqinile noma eziwuketshezi ngemuva. Ngenxa yale ndlela, into eguquguqukayo ingahlukaniswa nalezo ezingashintshashintshi, futhi yenziwa ngokuhlukanisa igesi ngokuhwamuka bese kuthi ukufinyela kwayo okulandelayo.
Amanani we-Shift
Ngale ndlela, ivolumu yento engangeneki ifundelwa ukuyikhomba ngokubheka ukusebenza kwayo ngaphakathi kuketshezi. Le ndlela inhle kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kaningi ekutadisheni ivolumu yokuqina okungajwayelekile.
Njengoba kungashiwo ukuthi into izoba nevolumu elingana nendawo ekuyo, ngokususa ivolumu yoketshezi esingakwenza, ngesibalo esilula sezibalo, ukunquma ivolumu yento eshiwo.
Umshini ukuhlunga
Ngale ndlela, okufunwayo ukwahlukanisa izingxube ezenziwe ngezinto ezingamanzi kanye nokuqina. Okudingayo ukukuhluza lokhu usebenzisa ipompo yokuhlanza kanye nofele weBüchner, okumele kufakwe kuso isihlungi. Lo funeli uzobekwa ngaphezulu kwebhokisi leKitasato.
Le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho ufuna ukuthola into eqinile yenkomponi, ikakhulukazi lapho i-compound okukhulunywa ngayo ine-viscosity ephezulu, noma lapho izakhi eziqinile zincane kakhulu.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa le flask
Kunezinzuzo eziningana ezibandakanyekile ekusebenziseni le flask ethile. Lapha sizoklelisa ezimbalwa.
- Inzuzo esobala kakhulu ukuthi, ngenxa yethimba laso le-detachment, lisivumela ukuthi sihlukanise izinto ezinomoya omncane ezazixutshwe ngaphambili nezakhi eziqinile noma eziwuketshezi.
- Futhi kusinikeza inzuzo enhle lapho usingatha uketshezi, ngoba umphetho omncane wokuvula kwawo okuphezulu uvumela into ukuthi igcinwe ihlanzekile ngangokunokwenzeka lapho isebenza nayo. Ngale ndlela, ukuhwamuka kwenkompo noma ukungcoliswa kwayo ngabasebenzeli bangaphandle kuyagwenywa.
- Ngaphakathi kwaleli bhodlela izinhlanganisela zingashukunyiswa kahle kakhulu nangaphakathi nangaphakathi kwebhekhi, elinesakhiwo esibanzi okuthi, yize sisebenziseka ezimweni eziningi, sibuye sithande ukuchithwa.
- Le bhodlela futhi lisivumela ukuphatha kahle into esisebenza ngayo, ngoba ngokungafani namanye amabhodlela elebhu, kusivumela ukuthi sishiye into ingaphumuli ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni yokuchitheka kwenkomponi