Uma uyothenga, mhlawumbe wenza ukuqhathanisa kwentengo phakathi kwemikhiqizo ehlukile edonsa ukunaka kwakho, futhi mhlawumbe wazibuza ukuthi yini eyenza umehluko phakathi kwentengo yomunye umkhiqizo nomunye (ikakhulukazi uma unohlobo olufanayo).
Impela Ukwabiwa kwentengo yomkhiqizo ngaphakathi emakethe akusona isehlakalo esinqunyelwe, kungumphumela wokuhlaziywa kwezici ezithile zomkhiqizo uqobo, ukucatshangelwa kwezidingo zemakethe, njll.
Ukulinganiswa okufanelekile komkhiqizo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi anenzuzo, kuvumela kugcinwe ubuhlobo obunempilo phakathi komakethe nomthengi.
Kuyini inani lezomnotho?
Njengoba kusungulwe yi-United Nations Food Division (i-FAO), amanani wezomnotho akha lezo zinto eziguqukayo ezisivumela ukuthi sithole umbono wezomnotho wenani lempahla noma insizakalo, ewumkhiqizo wentuthuko eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Kunamasu avumela ukukhuphula inani lomkhiqizo, ngokwakha isizinda esiphakamisa isidingo, noma ngemicimbi eshintsha umbono wemakethe ngayo.
Izici ezithinta amanani wezomnotho:
Amanani ezimali angakhi
Izindleko ezihambisana nomkhiqizo zihlanganiswe lapha. Yizindleko ezidingekayo ukubeka umkhiqizo, kufaka phakathi:
- Abasebenzi: Lapha kubhekwa izinto zomuntu ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni okuhle noma insizakalo.
- Ezokuthutha: Ibheka izindlela nemizila okufanele ilandelwe ukubeka umkhiqizo emakethe, kusukela lapho wenziwa khona.
- Impahla eluhlaza: Kusho okokufaka okudingekayo ukuqedela ukubekwa komkhiqizo emakethe.
- Imisebenzi yenguquko: Lapha igama elithi "inani lemali esele yomkhiqizo" liyasebenza. Izikhathi eziningi imikhiqizo engaphansi kwemisebenzi yenguquko inyusa inani layo, ngoba umkhiqizo ngokuya ngezidingo zawo wenziwa atholakale kumthengi. Isibonelo, izindleko zikagalikhi ohlutshiwe zivamise ukuba ngaphezulu kunegalikhi esimweni sayo semvelo, ngoba akunikezwa kuphela umkhiqizo (ugarlic), kepha insizakalo (umkhiqizo osukulungele ukusetshenziswa) uyatholakala nakumthengi.
Amanani amahle emali
Kusho izinzuzo ezibikwe ngumkhiqizo noma isevisi, ngomqondo wezomnotho noma wezimali. Kushiwo imali engenayo eqoshiwe.
Izinhlobo zamanani ezomnotho
Ngokukubheka ngombono ongokoqobo, singasho ukuthi inhloso yocwaningo lokuguquguqukayo kwezomnotho kuhlose ukunika umkhiqizo onikezwe inani eliphakeme, okuthi ngokuya ngesiphetho sifundo semakethe, abathengi bazimisele ukukukhokhela .
Ubudlelwano be-Supply-demand: Ngezansi sikukhombisa izimo zobudlelwano bokufunwa, kanye nomthelela wazo kunani:
- Uma umkhiqizo ubekwe emakethe lapho kunesidingo esikhulu khona nokutholakala okuncane, intengo yalokho okuhle izokhuphuka, ngoba abantu bazokhuphula inani abazimisele ukulikhokha ukuze bawuthole.
- Uma imakethe inesidingo esiphansi nokutholakala okuphezulu, inani lomkhiqizo lizokwehla, ngoba abekho abantu abazowibhida.
- Uma kunokulingana phakathi kokunikezwa nokufunwayo, inani lomkhiqizo linqunywa ngentengo yemakethe.
Ukulinganisa kwemakethe: Kuyisibonakaliso sokukhomba, lapho inani eliphansi lapho imakethe enezici ezithile yemukela umkhiqizo noma okuhle okunikezwayo kusungulwa khona. Imibono yabantu kanye nama-paradigms mayelana nenani kuthonya le nkomba, futhi lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa isenzo sezinto zemvelo nezamasiko.
Inzuzo: Ihlaziya ukuthi ingabe utshalomali oludingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe iphrojekthi lungatholwa ngesikhathi esamukelekayo. Ngendlela eqonde ngqo, kungabonakala ukuthi le nkomba inquma ukuthi izindleko zokukhiqiza zingaphansi kwenani lemali engenayo ngenxa yokuma kwezimakethe. Iphrojekthi efaka izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kunalezo ezikhokhelwe njengezinzuzo ayithathwa njengenenzuzo.
Isilinganiso sembuyiselo: Siqukethe ukuhlolwa, ngencazelo yejometri, yomholo olindelekile wesikhathi esizayo osondelene nokutshalwa kwemali. Isetshenziswa njengokuguquguqukayo kokuhlola inzuzo yephrojekthi.
Umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene: Iqukethe isamba samanani anikezwe ezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zezwe, kokuhle noma insizakalo yohlobo olufanayo. Ivumela ukuhlola izimo ezithonya ukwehluka ngaphakathi kwamaphoyinti ahlukahlukene wesilinganiso sesizwe.
I-Economic Value Added (EVA): Ivumela ukuhlola umcebo okhiqizwe okulungile noma insizakalo, kuhlolwe izici zobungozi esebenza kuzo.
Ungayandisa kanjani i-EVA yomkhiqizo? Into yokuqala okumele yenziwe ngumkhiqizi ukwenza ukuhlela intela ukuze anciphise umthwalo wakhe; Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kubalulekile ukwenza ukubuyekezwa kwempahla, futhi uhlale ukhetha lezo ezivumela umkhiqizo ukuthi wenziwe ngentengo ephansi; gcina isilinganiso sokuthengisa esiphakeme uma uqhathanisa nezindleko ezenziwe izimpahla.
Ukubaluleka kwamagugu ezomnotho
Ezomnotho yisayensi enezisekelo eziqinile futhi ephishekela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezinenzuzo, ngakho-ke ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuqondayo kwezinhlelo zezomnotho kanye nezimakethe, ongoti bendawo basungule lezi zinombolo zezinkomba, ezinikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile. ukuhlaziywa kwezimo ezinhle zokubekwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokunqunywa kwenzuzo yotshalo-mali.
Umnotho oqinile awuyona inzuzo ewela emkhakheni othile. Futhi ngaphandle kokuthi izimfundiso eziningi zemicabango zivame ukusho ukuthi izinqubomgomo zezimakethe zihlehlisiwe, futhi zinonya, iqiniso ukuthi zenzelwe ukufeza okuhle okuphezulu. Izwe elinesistimu ethuthukile linweba izinzuzo zalo kubantu bonke (imvamisa ngokungaqondile).