UCatharsis: Uyazi ukuthi livelaphi nencazelo yalo yangempela?

Umuntu kuyo yonke imikhondo yakhe yokuphila, uvezwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimo, izimo, abantu, izindawo, izindawo. Isebenzisana ngokwemvelo, futhi iyakhula endaweni lapho ithola khona okuningi, futhi ivela kuyo yonke indawo, ukuthi kufika isikhathi lapho iwa khona. Kugcwele ngendlela yokuthi, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke enye indlela esiza ukukhipha yonke leyo mizwa nemizwa ephazamisa ukuthula nokuvimbela ukukhula kwempilo ejwayelekile nenempilo. Sekuyiminyaka, kwenziwa izifundo zokuthola isisombululo kulolu hlobo lwesimo esingokomzwelo esithinta abantu abaningi, ukuthola intuthuko enkulu emkhakheni wezengqondo, lapho kutholwa lokho kunezindlela zokuhlanza ingqondo ngochungechunge lwamasu azohlolwa kulokhu okuthunyelwe.

Iyini ikatharsis?

Igama elithi catharsis livela ku-greek catharsis okusho ukuhlanzwa noma ukuhlanzwa. Kuyaziwa njengenqubo esetshenziswa emkhakheni wezengqondo, kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo, okwenziwa kubantu ngokungazi noma ngokungazi, ukuze ubahlanze, ususe yonke imizwa yecala, usizi, ubuhlungu, ukukhungatheka, ukuzisola noma ukukhathazeka, mfushane, leyo mizwa edla umphefumulo. Ngenxa yale nqubo, abantu bangaludambisa usizi lwabo futhi bazikhulule ngokomzwelo esisindweni nasekucindezelekeni okukhiqizayo.

Umlando we-catharsis

Igama elithi catharsis lazalwa eGrisi lasendulo. Ngenkathi u-Aristotle emnika incazelo yokuhlanzwa ngokomzwelo, ngokubambisana nangokomoya ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwesihe nokwesaba. Isazi sefilosofi engimbandakanyayo yizimbongi zakhe, ze inhlekelele yasendulo, okwakungeyona nje into eyimibhalo yaseshashalazini, lapho abalingiswa ababekwa ezigcawini babhekana nezimo ezibuhlungu ezaziphela ngokufa.

Lapho beveze khona ngokusobala ngesikhathi sesakhiwo imizwa yokwesaba, inzondo, umona, ukudabuka, uzwelo nothando, ngenhloso yokuthi izethulo zisebenzele izethameli futhi zabona imiphumela yalezi zenzo, ezizwe zikhonjiswa ngabalingiswa futhi babona ukwesaba imiphumela okuvela kuyo, ngaphandle kokwenza isenzo esingalungile, ukuze, ngale ndlela, bakwazi ukuzazi kangcono, futhi bagweme ukuphinda izenzo eziholele abalingisi abaphambili kulezo zindawo ezibulalayo.

Lawa ma-catharses emibhalo angakhonjiswa ngezibonelo ze:

• Lowo muzwa wokwesaba uzwela, inkohliso, injabulo, ukudabuka noma uthando okungavela lapho ufunda incwadi noma ubuka imovie. Uzwela lwabazwela abalingiswa basenganekwaneni.
• Lapho iqhawe lihlupheka noma linqoba, yonke leyo mizwa evelayo iyizibonelo zika-catharsis.

Kamuva leli gama lathathwa ngabahlaziyi bezifo zengqondo uJosef Breuer noSigmund Freu, abalibiza ngokuthi indlela ye-cathartic, eyayihlanganisa ukusebenzisa i-hypnosis nokubeka isiguli ithuba lokukhumbula izehlakalo ezidale ukuhlukumezeka esikhathini esedlule futhi ngaleyo ndlela zikhulule ukucindezelwa kwemizwa nemizwa ebanga ukulimala nokukhungatheka.   

Indlela yokwelapha yokwelashwa nayo yasetshenziswa, lapho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, ngemibuzo, safuna ukufinyelela emsukeni wezinhlekelele futhi ngaleyo ndlela sizame ukuthola ikhambi lesimo ngokuphelele, ukuze iziguli zishiye ukwelashwa zikwazi ukukhuluma ngazo isihloko ngaphandle kwenkinga, ukuthi lapho bekhuluma ngaso abezwanga noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuhlungu noma umuzwa wokuzisola noma wokudabuka, ngaleyo ndlela kufakazelwe ukunqotshwa okuphelele kwalokhu kuhlukumezeka, ngokukhipha imizwa ecindezelwe kanye nokuthola ukuthula kwangaphakathi obekulangazelelwa. Zombili lezi zindlela zisasetshenziswa nanamuhla.

Inqubo ye-catharsis yenziwa kanjani?

Ngaphambi kokuqala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umuntu ngamunye ngumhlaba, ohluke ngokuphelele komunye nomunye, onezinkinga nezidingo ezihlukile, okumele ziphathwe ngawodwana. Ngakho-ke, inqubo ezosetshenziswa yehlukile, futhi ivumelanisa nobuntu, ukunambitheka nezidingo.

Ngokuya ngokuncamelayo, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene ze-catharsis  Lokho kungasetshenziswa ukuqala ukwelashwa kwemizwa nokufeza inkululeko yomoya. Ziyizinqubo ezilula, yize kubonakala kunzima kangakanani, zingenziwa noma yikuphi, inqobo nje uma unenhloso yokuthuthuka. Nawa amanye amasu awusizo kakhulu.

• Thola ukuthi uzokhuluma nobani: Noma ngabe ungumngani, ilunga lomndeni, noma uchwepheshe, ukukhipha kungenye yezindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokukhipha amandla athe xaxa emzimbeni wakho. Ukwabelana ngezinkathazo kusiza ukwenza umthwalo ube mncane futhi kube lula ukuwusingatha, kukhulula umzimba wengcindezi, okuthi noma ngabe kuthathwe kancane kuyisifo esithule esingaba yingozi enkulu empilweni, kubanga izifo, ezinjengekhanda, i-anemia, ukushintsha kwemizwelo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukuqwasha futhi ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu kungadala umdlavuza, nokufa kamuva.
• Ukuvivinya umzimba noma ukudlala imidlalo: ezifanele umzamo omkhulu womzimba, sebenzisa i-adrenaline hormone eyaziwa nangokuthi i-epinephrine, okuthi uma ifihliwe, inyuse izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, okubangela ukuzwa kokuqwashisa namandla okusiza ukukhulula ukungezwani komzimba.
• Imisebenzi yobuciko: njengokucula, ukudansa noma ukulingisa, kanye nokuzijwayeza ukuzilibazisa noma ukuzindla, njenge-yoga, kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuziveza, ukudedela ukungezwani, futhi ngale ndlela ushiye izinkathazo zakho ngemuva, ufinyelele esimweni sokuthokoza nangaphakathi ukuthula.
• Amahlaya: injabulo, ubumnandi, ukuzijabulisa nokuzijabulisa. Thola izindlela zokuhleka. Ukwelashwa kokuhleka kutholakale kungenye yezindlela ezilula futhi eziphumelela kakhulu zokuyeka ukukhathazeka nokukhungatheka.