I-Etiology ingelinye lamagatsha esayensi axhumene kakhulu nemikhakha eyahlukene ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo emikhakheni ehlukene. Ngaphambi kokungena esihlokweni, ake sazi i-etymology yaleli gama.
Uyini umsuka wegama elithi Etiology?
I-etiology esetshenziswe kakhulu akulona igama elizalwe muva nje, lisuselwa olimini lwesiGreki, egameni elithi mama "Aitiology", Kusho ukuthini "nikeza isizathu salokhu”. Uma sesikushilo lokhu, manje ake sichaze ukuthi yini i-etiology: Lokhu kuthathwa njengesayensi ebhekele ukuhlaziya nokutadisha izimbangela noma imvelaphi yemicimbi. Lapho i-etiology ibaluleke kakhulu kwezokwelapha, ngoba ivumela ukunquma imbangela yezifo eziningi.
Lokhu kwazisa ukufinyelela esiphethweni ngalokho okwenzekayo emzimbeni womuntu kuqala kusukela kokuthi wayazi imiphumela yako nokuthi kungani kwenzeka. Isizathu sokuthi kungani, ngokomlando, abantu beya konolwazi, udokotela, i-apothecary, ubuhlakani noma ngokwaziwa kwakhe, ukuze babaphenye noma babukeze futhi bathole isimo sabo.
Isikhathi esivamile phakathi kongoti nezazi
Mhlawumbe isakhamuzi esijwayelekile komunye umgwaqo womhlaba asiphendukeli ekusetshenzisweni kwaleli gama, kungenzeka ukuthi alazi. Kodwa phakathi kodokotela nochwepheshe kusetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile. Ngalesi sizathu, lapho bethola isithombe somtholampilo lapho kunesifo noma ukugula imbangela engaziwa, bese kuqinisekiswa ukuthi kulokhu "i-etiology yayo ayaziwa".
Ngokwalo mbono i-etiology ithatha ukubaluleka okukhulu futhi iba yinsika eyisisekelo, ikakhulukazi lapho ibhekene nokuthile okungaziwa. Ake sithi engxenyeni ethile yomhlaba kuqhamuke isifo esingaziwa, lokhu kuzophoqelela labo ababambe iqhaza kusisombululo ukuthola umsuka nembangela yale nto eshiwo, ngakho-ke kuzoba lula, ngomqondo, ukuthola ikhambi noma umuthi wokuvikela .
Izazi zefilosofi nazo zikhanga ku-etiology
Kusukela emhlabeni wasendulo, umuntu ubenesifiso sokwazi nokuqonda izimfihlakalo ezinkulu zempilo, ubelokhu ephikelela ezibuza ngeqiniso nangezimo ezizungeze ukudlula kwakhe emhlabeni. Sivelaphi? Lapho siya khona? Kungani sikhona? Kuchazwa kanjani izimo nezimo esizibonayo? Futhi omunye wemibuzo ebuzwayo mhlawumbe yilowo esizibuze wona kakhulu lapho sibheka into: yini imbangela yayo?
Labo abazinikele ekutadisheni kolwazi kanye nesizathu sezidalwa, nabo baphendukela kwi-etiology, njengasendabeni yezazi zefilosofi, leli gama elisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimeni zalabo bachwepheshe
Endabeni yenkambu yefilosofi, ikhulelwa i-etiology njengesiyalo esisebenzisa imizamo yayo ukutadisha izimbangela eziveza izinto. Leli gatsha lesayensi lithola amandla amakhulu ngefilosofi, isibonelo salokhu kulapho kutadishwa inkinga ehambisanayo efana nemvelaphi yomuntu, yingakho lesi siyalo sizobhekana naso, siphula okuhlukile nemiphetho ehlobene nendoda isihloko.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-etiology emagatsheni ahlukene:
I-Etiology yeziguli
Ku-etiology nokusebenza kwayo ku imithi Sikhulume ekuqaleni kwalo mbhalo, ikakhulu ukutadisha izimbangela zezifo ezahlukahlukene ezithinta abantu ngesikhathi esithile.
Ezokwelapha bezihlala zisebenzisa i-etiology, kusukela ezikhathini zikaHippocrates kuze kube manje, lapho isiguli singena kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi likadokotela, udokotela ubuyela ekuphenduleni ngokucophelela, ngokusekelwe emibuzweni emithathu noma ezintweni ezibalulekile:
1) .- Kwenzekani kuye?Lapha siqonda isizathu esimgqugquzele ukuthi aye kochwepheshe bezokwelapha, yini emgqugquzele ukuthi athathe leso sinqumo.
2) .- Isikhathi esinalesi simo: Kulo mbuzo wesibili, kunqunywa kusukela lapho ukugula noma isimo sesiguli senzekile.
3) .- Imbangela: Kamuva, kunqunywa imbangela, okungukuthi, imvelaphi yesimo esikusa kuchwepheshe.
Yilapho usizo lwale sayensi lulele khona, ngemuva kokuxazulula lemibuzo yemibuzo emithathu, kuzosiza kakhulu kudokotela, ngemuva kokuhlola isiguli, ukuqinisekisa ngezinto eziningi, okokuqala: Unakho, lokho isimo siyelashwa kamuva, into ebaluleke kakhulu, isizathu saso, ngakho-ke kungaba ukufeza indima yaso yokuqinisekisa noma okungenani ukusiza nokuqondisa ukuthatha izinyathelo ukuze isiguli singabuyeli esimweni esiholele kuye thola lesi sifo esikuthintayo.
Ngisho noma i-etiology iholela ekunqumeni imbangela noma imvelaphi yesimo, odokotela sekuyisikhathi eside bephikisana ngokuthi ngabe kuyisici esisodwa noma eziningana eziqubuka ngasikhathi sinye ukudala isifo. Abanye bakhulume ngezinto ezithinta ezemvelo, ezangaphandle nezangaphakathi, kepha lo mbuzo ubukhulunywa njalo.
Ukusebenza kwe-etiology ku-Psychology
Emkhakheni othakazelisayo we-psychology, i-etiology ibheka izimbangela umuntu abonakala ngazo ngokuba nokuqonda okuhlukile noma izinkolelo, nokuthi bayaziphatha noma cha.
Kulomkhakha, kunezinselelo okufanele zinqotshwe izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo lapho zisebenzisa i-etiology, ngoba ukutadisha izimbangela kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunasesimweni esedlule, ngenxa yokuthi izimo zengqondo aziboneki ngqo. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha imininingwane etholwe kubudlelwano obusungulwe phakathi kokuhlukahluka okuhlukile.
Isociology kanye ne-etiology
Kososayensi bezenhlalakahle osebenzela i-etiology, ufisa ukusesha, ukutadisha nokuhlaziya izinto ezahlukahlukene ezizomsiza ukuthi achaze imvelaphi yesimo esithile senhlalo.Thatha njengesibonelo ubuholi, ukwakheka kweqembu kanye nezinto ezifana nokuhlukaniswa kweqembu , ukuba khona kwamaqembu, lezi yizibonelo zezihloko ezifuna umsuka kwezenhlalo.
I-Biology nomthetho
Kwenzeka into efanayo nakwibhayoloji, imbangela yezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zebhayoloji ezenzeka ezinhlotsheni zethu zabantu ihlaziywa ngokuhlaziya umsuka wezinqubo nezenzeko, kanti kwezesayensi yezomthetho igama elithi "etiology" alisetshenziswa kakhulu njengakwimpilo , izimbangela eziholele ekwenzeni ubugebengu, noma ukuphulwa kwemithetho nemithetho ziyafunwa.
Okufanele ukwazi mayelana ne-etiology
1.- I-etiology ayinqumi nje imbangela yesimo, yenza sikwazi ukusungula okuguquguqukayo kanye nezici, okuthi noma zingazona izimbangela, lokhu kube nomthelela emsukeni walokho obekufundwa noma kwenze kwaba nzima.
2.- Ngama-etiology, izinto ezibeka phambili noma ezivikelayo ezibamba iqhaza noma ezinciphisa ukubukeka kwesibonelo, izifo nazo ziyafundwa futhi zihlaziywe. Ama-Trigger nama-enhancers nawo ayasetshenzwa.
3.- Ngisho, ukuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene okusebenzisana ukucasula isimo kuyahlaziywa futhi kufundwen, kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokuvamile asikho isizathu esisodwa.