Njengoba besilokhu sinesidingo sokufunda nokunikeza incazelo ebonakalayo ngezinto ezenzeka kithina, siphenye wonke amasayensi namuhla ziyisisekelo sokuxilongwa okuningi. Ngokukhulunywa ngokukhethekile ngesayensi efunda konke okuphathelene nezinqubo zezitshalo nezemvelo; Injalo iMicology, leyo sayensi ecwaninga ngokujule ngeminikelo yezitshalo nokubaluleka kwayo kwezokwelapha zesimanje.
I-Mycology, ifunda ubukhulu nakho konke okuphathelene nesikhunta, yiziphi izizathu zokubukeka kwazo nokuthi zikwenza kuphi ngqo. Esihlokweni sanamuhla, uzofunda okwengeziwe ngale sayensi abantu abaningi abangayazi.
Yini i-mycology?
Kuyisayensi efunda isikhunta nakho konke okuphathelene nabo. Isikhunta yizinambuzane ezikhula kakhulu ehlathini noma endaweni eshisayo, kepha-ke, kunezindawo ezifundeni zokubola ezinokubonakala kwesikhunta.
Kuthiwa amakhowe adliwe ngabantu amakhulu eminyaka ngamasiko ahlukahlukene njengamaMesoamerican ukuze kube nama-hallucinogens. Yanikezwa nokusetshenziswa kokudla kumasiko afanayo. Ngokulandelayo, kubonakala emibhalweni engcwele yePopol Vuh, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhowe kubonakala emikhosini yokukhulekela onkulunkulu nabantu abasezingeni eliphezulu, yingakho kwakuthathwa njengokudla okungcwele.
Ngomqondo ofanayo, kwakwaziwa kuphela isikhunta esinesimo sakudala nosayizi obonakalayo, kepha ngentuthuko kwezesayensi, kwakwazi ukubona ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthi kwakukhona izimbali ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zesikhunta, kwesinye isikhathi eziyingozi empilweni. ukuba.
Kungenxa ye-mycology, kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izikhunta lezo umuntu angayisebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ekwelapheni, yiziphi ezingaba nezinhloso zokudla okunempilo, yiziphi ezingaba nezinjongo zokuhweba njengokulungiswa nokuvutshelwa kukabhiya nokuthi yikuphi okuyingozi empilweni.
I-mycology yezokwelapha
Kunamagatsha amaningi alesi sayensi, ngokwesibonelo, i-mycology yezokwelapha, ephethe funda ngokujula izakhiwo Kuhlobo ngalunye lohlobo lwesikhunta olungaba nezinjongo zokwelapha, kunesidingo esikhulu sokwelapha izifo ezithinta ngqo abantu nezilwane.
Kukhona ososayensi be-mycologists abasebenzisa le sayensi ukuthola izinhlobo ezithile ezingakaze zibonwe ngaphambili, ngokwesibonelo, kukhona labo abathanda ukuya ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezibolile ukuthola uhlobo olusha lwesikhunta, endaweni ethile, kufana nomsebenzi wokuqoqa kulabo labo Abathambekele ekunikezeni lokhu ekugcineni.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona izazi zokwelapha zemithi ezinikele ekutadisheni isikhunta ku ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezithile ezingezwe ezintweni zengqondo. Futhi ukuze kutholwe izinhlobo ezintsha zekhishi, kuvumelekile ukuba nalawa makhono okufunda ukuze ubanikeze lokho, njengoba kunjalo ngekhowe, lelo amakhulu eminyaka linendawo eliyithandayo ngaphakathi kokunye okuthandwa yi-Culinary.
Izimo ze-Mycological
Kunezimo ezahlukahlukene ze-mycological ezithinta umkhakha othile wabantu, kungumsebenzi we-mycology yezokwelapha ukwazi ukunikeza incazelo negama kulowo nalowo kubo, okuvame kakhulu.
Amagciwane
Kwenzeka lapho umuntu ethinteka ebukhoneni noma ekuthintaneni nesikhunta, isikhumba siyathinteka futhi ngenxa yalokho kuvela uhlobo lokuqubuka, kwesinye isikhathi ububomvu nokunwaya. Uma kuyinto yokungezwani komzimba ethinta ingaphakathi lomzimba, izokwethula ngezimpawu zomkhuhlane ojwayelekile.
I-Mycotoxicosis
Kwenzeka lapho umuntu esengenise okusanhlamvu okuke kwaxhumana nama-parasites okubangelwa i-myxomycetes enobuthi.
Izinganekwane
Yigama elithola inqubo yokudakwa okubangelwa ukungeniswa kwe- amakhowe anobuthi noma anobuthi, isikhathi esiningi kuyenzeka lapho umuntu ewenza amaphutha ngamakhowe adliwayo.
I-mycosis engaphezulu
Kwenzeka lapho ukutheleleka kubangelwa ukutholakala kwesikhunta ezicutshini ezicutshini ezinjengezicubu zomzimba nesikhumba sangaphandle.
Umlando we-mycology
Ngokombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo, amakhowe asemadala njengomsuka wobukhona bomhlaba. Kuthiwa bavele ngisho naphambi kwezilwane.
Kusukela emasikweni nempucuko yasendulo, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhowe kwakungukukhulekela kakhulu onkulunkulu, ngokusho kwamasiko anjengeMesopotamiya, iMesoamerican kanye nezizwe ezinama-shaman njengabaholi babecabanga ukuthi amakhowe kwakungukudla okuthunywe onkulunkulu futhi babezonikezwa ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile hhayi kuphela ekhishini kepha njenge-hallucinogen.
Kamuva, ngokwesiko lamaGrikhi, amakhowe ayesetshenziswa ngendlela engaqondakali kangako kepha efuna ngenkani futhi kwakuyimvubelo esetshenziselwa imvubelo.
Kancane kancane ubengena ezimpilweni zabantu, kangangoba bekungekho nohlelo lokuhlanza oluhlanza amanzi, ngakho-ke, babephuza utshwala obuningi njengomuthi wokuhlanza umzimba. Lobo tshwala babubiliswa ngamakhowe.
Ngakho-ke isidingo sokwakha isayensi efunda isikhunta ngokujula.
Okuhle nokubi
Ngaphandle kokuthi bebehlala emhlabeni isikhathi eside kakhulu kunabantu, isikhunta kuseseyisihloko sokutadisha nokumangala kodokotela abaningi be-mycologists. Iqiniso ukuthi akuyona yonke into engasetshenziswa, futhi akuyona yonke enezinzuzo zezempilo.
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokutholakala kwesikhunta nezinhlobo zazo ezindaweni eziningi zomuntu ukuthi bakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga ngezikhathi zezokwelapha nakwezokupheka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimbali zesikhunta ku-yogurt kwenza ukugaya kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla kuzuze ngokuvela kwezimbali ezivuselelwe zamathumbu, futhi lokho kwenzeka ngenxa yesikhunta.
Ngaphakathi kwezokwelapha, ukutadisha kwayo kubalulekile ukuthola ukungezwani komzimba nokutheleleka okubangelwa isikhunta, ukuze isixazululo semithi ku inkinga ye-allergenic.
Ngokulandelayo, ukuvutshelwa kokudla okuningi kuncike ebukhoneni besikhunta kuzo, kepha-ke, ububi obukhulu obutholakala kulezi zinambuzane ukuthi akuzona zonke ezifanele ukusetshenziswa komuntu noma oxhumana naye. Kunezinhlobo ezinobuthi futhi ezinobuthi ezingeyona into efundelwa odokotela be-mycologists.
Ngokufanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhowe ngezinhloso ze-hallucinogenic kuyinkinga yezenhlalo ethinta kakhulu inani labantu emhlabeni.