Abantu abanenkani babambelela ngokuzethemba ezinkolelweni zabo, noma ochwepheshe bengavumelani futhi ubufakazi buyaphikisana nabo. Ucwaningo olusha oluvela eCase Western Reserve University lungasiza ekuchazeni imibono eyeqisayo - ngenkolo, kwezepolitiki nokunye - okubonakala kwande emphakathini.
Izifundo ezimbili zihlola izici zobuntu eziqhuba imfundiso yenkolo engahambisani nenkolo. Zikhombisa ukuthi kukhona ukufana futhi umehluko obalulekile kulokho okuqhuba i-dogmatism kula maqembu amabili.
I-dogmatism emphakathini
Kuwo womabili la maqembu, amakhono aphakeme kakhulu okucabanga ayehlotshaniswa namazinga aphansi e-dogmatism. Kepha la maqembu amabili ahlukene ngokuthi ukunakekelwa kokuziphatha kukuthonya kanjani ukucabanga kwabo ngokweqile. Iphakamisa ukuthi abantu bezenkolo bangabambelela ezinkolelweni ezithile, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibonakala zingavumelani nokucabanga kokuhlaziya, ngoba lezo zinkolelo ziyahambisana nemizwa yakho yokuziphatha.
Ukuzwela ngokomzwelo kusiza abantu bezenkolo ukuthi bazizwe bevikeleke kakhulu: lapho bebona ukuthi ukuziphatha kahle kunjani, kuqinisa kakhulu ukucabanga kwabo, "kusho u-Anthony Jack, onguprofesa ohlangene nefilosofi kanye nombhali-mbumbulu wocwaningo. Ngokuphambene, ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha kwenza abantu abangakholelwa enkolweni bazizwe bephephe kakhulu.
Lokhu kuqonda kungaphakamisa indlela yokuxhumana ngempumelelo nalabo abeqisayo. Ukuheha umuzwa wokukhathazeka ngokokuziphatha kwe-dogmatist yenkolo kanye nomqondo ongenangqondo we-dogmatist ophikisana nenkolo kungakhuphula amathuba okudlulisa umlayezo, noma okungenani ukucatshangelwa kwawo. Ucwaningo lushicilelwe ku Ijenali Yezenkolo Nezempilo.
Izikhundla eziphakeme
Yize uzwela olukhulu lungabonakala lufiseleka, ukuzwelana ngaphandle kokuzibamba kungaba yingozi, ngokusho kocwaningo. Amaphekula, ngaphakathi kwebhola lawo, akholelwa ukuthi yinto enhle kakhulu abayenzayo. Bakholelwa ukuthi balungisa amaphutha futhi bavikela okuthile okungcwele. Kwezombusazwe namuhla, ngakho konke lokhu kukhulunywa ngezindaba ezingamanga, abaphathi bakaTrump, abazwana nabantu ngokomzwelo, banxusa amalungu esisekelo salo ngenkathi bewashalazela amaqiniso. Isisekelo sikaTrump sifaka iphesenti elikhulu lamadoda nabesifazane abazibiza ngokwenkolo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi olwedlulele, yize behlele izimpilo zabo bezungeza ukucabanga okucabangayo, abantu abangakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu kungenzeka bangabi nawo umqondo wokubona noma yini enhle ngenkolo; babona kuphela ukuthi kuphikisana nokucabanga kwabo kwesayensi nokuhlaziya.
Lezi zifundo, ezisuselwa ocwaningweni lwabantu abangaphezu kuka-900, ziphinde zathola ukufana phakathi kwabantu abakholwayo nabangakholwa. Kuwo womabili la maqembu, ukuqinisela ngokwengeziwe akunamakhono amancane ekucabangeni kokuhlaziya, futhi futhi mancane amathuba okuthi babheke izinkinga ngokombono wabanye.
Ocwaningweni lokuqala, ababambiqhaza abangama-209 baziveza njengamaKristu, abayi-153 bengebona abenkolo, amaJuda ayisishiyagalolunye, amaBuddha amahlanu, amaHindu amane, umSulumane oyedwa, nenye inkolo engama-24. Isivivinyo ngasinye esigcwalisiwe sokuhlola i-dogmatism, ukukhathazeka okubonisa ukuzwela, izici zokucabanga ngokuhlaziya nezinhloso zokuziphatha okuhle.
Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi ababambiqhaza bezenkolo ngokuvamile babenezinga eliphakeme le-dogmatism, ukukhathazeka okunamandla, nezinhloso zokuziphatha okuhle, kuyilapho ababambiqhaza abangebona abenkolo benza kangcono ngokwesilinganiso sokucabanga kokuhlaziya. Ukwehla kozwelo phakathi kwabangakholwayo kuhambelana nokukhula kwemfundiso yenkolelo.
Isifundo sesibili, ebesibandakanya ababambiqhaza abangama-210 abaziveza njengamaKrestu, abangama-202 abangahlangene nenkolo, amaHindu angama-63, amaBuddha ayi-12, amaJuda ayi-11, amaSulumane ayi-10 nezinye izinkolo eziyi-19, ziphindaphinde eziningi zezinyathelo zokuqala kodwa zengeza izindlela zokubheka nokuthatha inkolo. .
Lapho umuntu eqina ngokwengeziwe, ekholwa noma cha, mancane amathuba okuthi acabangele umbono wabanye. Ubungqingili benkolo buhlobene kakhulu nokukhathazeka okuzwayo phakathi kwenkolo.
Amanethiwekhi amabili obuchopho
Abaphenyi bathi imiphumela yocwaningo iyaqhubeka nokusekela umsebenzi wabo wangaphambilini okhombisa ukuthi abantu banezinethiwekhi ezimbili zobuchopho. Eyodwa yozwela neyokucabanga ngokuhlaziya, ezishubile zodwa. Kubantu abaphilile, inqubo yabo yokucabanga iyashintshana phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ukukhetha inethiwekhi elungile ye- izinkinga ezahlukahlukene abazicabangayo noma umongo abazithola bekuwo.
Kepha engqondweni yomfundisi wezinkolo, inethiwekhi enozwela ibonakala ibusa, ngenkathi isengqondweni ye-dogmatist engeyona inkolo, inethiwekhi yokuhlaziya ibonakala ibusa. Ngenkathi lezi zifundo zihlola ukuthi umehluko kanjani ekubukeni komhlaba kwethonya lenkolo eliqhathaniswa nenkolo, ucwaningo lusebenza kabanzi, kusho abacwaningi.
I-Dogmatism isebenza kunoma iyiphi inkolelo eyinhloko, kusukela ekudleni, noma ngabe i-vegan, imifino, noma i-omnivore. Ngisho nemibono yezombusazwe nezinkolelo mayelana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ababhali banethemba lokuthi lokhu no olunye ucwaningo lusiza ukwenza ngcono ukwahlukana kwemibono okubonakala kukhula njalo.
Ubungozi be-dogmatism
I-Dogmatism ichazwe njengokuzithemba okungenasisekelo ezindabeni zemibono; ukugomela kwemibono ngokuziqhenya njengamaqiniso. Kuwo wonke umlando, futhi impela ezikhathini zakamuva kakhulu, sinezibonelo ngezibonelo zezinkolelo eziqinile eziholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Sibona kuhulumeni wethu, enkolweni yethu nasebudlelwaneni bethu. Lapho sinezinkolelo eziqinile, empeleni sivala izingqondo zethu kweminye imibono nemibono ehlukile.
Ukwelashwa okunengqondo kokuziphatha ngokomzwelo kuphakamisa ukuthi izinkolelo ezingenangqondo ziyimfundiso eqinile, ayihambisani neqiniso elinamandla, ayinangqondo, futhi ivimbela abantu ekufezeni izinhloso zabo. I-Dogmatism ifaka abantu enkingeni lapho bebushaya indiva ubufakazi obungasekeli ukucabanga kwabo, lapho abantu behlanganyela ekubandlululeni okuqinisekisayo (bahlunga ubufakazi obuphikisana nezinkolelo zomuntu).
Enye indlela enempilo yokucabanga ifilosofi eguquguqukayo futhi ekhethwayo ngempilo. Sonke singaba nemibono yethu, kungaleso sikhathi lapho sibaphakamisela ekufuneni okuqinile lapho sizithola sisenkingeni. Umbuzo sonke esidinga ukuzibuza wona ngukuthi: "Ufuna ukuba neqiniso noma ufuna ukujabula?" Phendula lo mbuzo futhi uzokwazi ukuthi ngabe unenkani noma cha!