Sikukhombisa izinhlobo eziyishumi zemibhalo yesingeniso

Njengoba ibaluleke njenganoma iyiphi ingxenye yombhalo, imibhalo yesingeniso yiyo yonke leyo exwayisa, futhi inikeze isendlalelo salokho okufanele kufundwe, ukuze umfundi abe nolwazi lwangaphambilini lolwazi oluzodluliswa encwadini, incwadi , noma yiluphi uhlobo lombhalo obhaliwe.

Ngokuya ngeRoyal Spanish Academy, lo mbhalo usho konke ofuna ukukuhambisa emsebenzini wokubhala, noma ngabe uprintiwe noma uwumqulu, ngaphandle kweminye ehlukanisiwe, efana: nezinkomba, amanothi, phakathi kokunye. Futhi incazelo yesingeniso yile: enomsebenzi wokwethula, okubeka kucace ukuthi "imibhalo yesingeniso" isho zonke lezo sethi zemibono ofuna ukuyidlulisa ukwethula isihloko kubafundi bemisebenzi eyenzelwe yona kudaliwe.

Lokhu kusebenza ukudalula abafundi, isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenzelwa umsebenzi, indlela yombhali yokudlulisa, kanye neqoqo lemibono esezodalulwa emsebenzini othile.

Umbhalo wesingeniso kufanele uhlelwe kanjani?

Imibhalo yesingeniso inesethi yezici ezicishe zifane, kepha ayinayo imithethonqubo yokuyihlela, ngakho-ke inenkululeko yokuzikhethela lapho idalwa, futhi ikhetha efanele umsebenzi ozokwenziwa.

Yize ingekho imithetho ebekiwe yokuyidala, kufanele kulandelwe ukuhleleka okunengqondo ukuyenza, njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lombhalo, kufanele ibe nesihloko, futhi njengoba kuyincazelo emfushane ngenhloso yomsebenzi, kufanele kube yi-Zama ukufingqa yonke into ehlanganiswa yisihloko, unikeze ukuthi ufuna ukunikezelwa noma cha.

Abanye ababhali bakhetha ukufaka okungekho emibhalweni yesingeniso, njengoba behlela ukubathengisa hhayi esifundeni sabo kuphela, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe.

Izinhlobo zemibhalo yesingeniso

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ayikho imithetho elawula ukwenziwa kwalolu hlobo lombhalo, kepha ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziyi-10 ezahlukahlukene, ezizocaciswa ukuze kuthi lapho uzisebenzisa kube nolwazi olungcono ngalowo nalowo, futhi kucace, ungayisebenzisa nini ngayinye.

Yize beyingxenye yesakhiwo esiyisisekelo salokhu, nazo ziyizinhlobo zemibhalo yokuqala futhi yilezi:

Isihloko

Yize le ncazelo ingadidaniswa naleyo yokunikeza ubunikazi bokuthile kumuntu othize, iziqu ezikule ndawo zibhekisa kusethi yamagama umbhali afuna ukufingqa ngawo okuqukethwe umsebenzi wakhe, okunikeza umfundi isithombe esifushane salokho kubhalwe kuyo.

Isifingqo

I-abstract iyincazelo emfushane yesihloko ngokujwayelekile, enikeza umbono wokuqala walokho okuhlanganisiwe kulombhalo. Lokhu kuyasetshenziswa futhi lapho kwenziwa iziphetho, ngoba ukufingqwa kwalokho obekufundwe ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kungenziwa, noma incazelo echazwe ngenye indlela, okusho ukuthi kuyinto efaneleke kakhulu kuyo.

Ukunikezelwa

Imvamisa zigcwele imizwa yokubonga kumuntu, iqembu elithile labantu, okuvela ngalo ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwe ngosizo lwabo, noma ukumane ubanikele, okusho ukuthi benziwe ngabantu abanjalo.

Abstract 

Lokhu kungakhethwa, ngoba kungumbhalo ofanayo wokuqala noma wesethulo, kuphela ngolunye ulimi kunokwakuqala komsebenzi. Ababhali abavame ukusebenzisa izifushaniso bakwenza lokho ngenhloso yokuthi izincwadi zabo zifinyelele ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba.  

Ngemuva kwalokho sinezinhlobo zemibhalo engakhiqizi okungeyona eyokwakheka okuyisisekelo nokunengqondo ukuyakha, njenge:

Ukucaciswa kwangaphambilini

Ukucaciswa kuvela esiLatini esithi "clarify" okusho ukuthi, susa konke okuphazamisa noma okuvimba ukubuka, njengoba igama lalo lisho, kuguqula ubumnyama noma ukungabi nalwazi lwendaba bese kuyicacisa, kuyenze icace. Futhi lapho sikhuluma ngento ethile ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kusho ukuthi kuzoba kuqala kunanoma yini enye, ukuthola incazelo ephelele yincazelo enikezwe kuqala abafundi bomsebenzi othile.

Notabene noma isexwayiso

LIsexwayiso sichazwa njengesaziso sangaphambilini esiya kumuntu sokuthi kukhona okuzokwenzeka, futhi uma sikhuluma ngeNotabene, sisho uhlobo lwenkulumo evela eLatin, ekhombisa umfundi ukuthi kufanele akubhekisise, ingxenye yokubhala, ikunika ukubaluleka okubalulekile ukuheha ukunakwa kwabafundi.

Amanothi Okuqala

Lezi yilezo ezibhaliwe, ezifingqiwe, ezigxila ekuchazeni umqondo oyinhloko ngokushesha okukhulu. Phawula imibhalo emifushane enemibono efanele, bese kufakwa igama lokuqala, elikhombisa ukuthi ngumbhalo osebenzela ukwethula, noma ukucacisa lokho okuvezwayo.

Isandulela

Lokhu ngokuyisisekelo kunezici ezifanayo nemibhalo eminingi yesingeniso, okuyimibhalo efingqiwe, enikeza ukubuka kuqala kwalokho okufanele kufundwe, kepha kunomehluko, futhi lokho ukuthi izethulo zivame ukwenziwa ngabantu abangaphandle kombhali. , noma umbhali womsebenzi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lo muntu kumele abe nolwazi ngaleyo ndaba azoyiveza emsebenzini wokubhala.

Isandulela

Lokhu kuchazwa njenganoma yimuphi umbhalo osebenzela ukwethula umqondo oyinhloko womsebenzi wokubhala, unikeze abafundi isendlalelo kubo, ukuze babe nokuqonda kangcono isihloko, nokuthi sizokwethulwa kanjani.

Isingeniso

Lokhu kungabhekisa ezimweni ezimbili, okokuqala kube ukuphambuka noma ukuphazamisa ukuze ugweme ukusho noma ukunikeza imininingwane ngomcimbi, bese okwesibili: ukuthi ngumbhalo ngenjongo yokuchaza, ukuxwayisa noma ukweluleka ngalokho okwenziwayo. khomba ukufunda.

Yize izinhlobo zemibhalo yesingeniso ethulwa lapha icishe ifane, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ngamunye wenza umcimbi ohlukile, lapho umbhali noma umbhali womsebenzi kufanele akhethe ngokucophelela, ngokususelwa kuwo noma lokho kunamathele kakhulu kutimu yokuqala, noma uma kwenzeka ufuna ukudonsa ukunaka kwabafundi.

Ungawenza kanjani umbhalo wesingeniso?

Le mibhalo ibaluleke kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi wokubhala, futhi ukuze bayenze kahle kufanele babe nesakhiwo esihle, isifinyezo esithile, kufanele badonse ukunaka kwabafundi, kufanele baxwayise futhi baxwayise wonke umuntu ukuthi kuzokwenzekani dlulisa imibono. Izingxenye okufanele zinakwe lapho uzenza yilezi:

Indlela yokusebenzisa

Amathuluzi namasu asetshenziselwe ukudala umsebenzi kumele aqashelwe, futhi kumele babe nendlela ekhonjiwe yokuthola umqondo oyinhloko noma inkinga okufanele kubhekwane nayo kuwo.

Isitatimende senkinga

Uma kwenzeka kungumsebenzi obekelwe inkinga, kufanele ubhekelwe ukuyichaza kahle, futhi iqondakale kubo bonke abantu abangayifunda, bagweme futhi bagweme ukusetshenziswa kwamagama namatemu.

Injongo

Inhloso enkulu yamatheksthi angakhiqizi ukuheha umfundi, ukuthola ukunakwa kwakhe, ukumfaka emcabangweni, nokuzizwa ehlotshaniswa nawo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le mibhalo ibe nenkinga yomhlaba, eyinkimbinkimbi, kulokho okuheha abantu amasiko ahlukahlukene futhi uthole indawo ethe xaxa kusuka ekuthakazeleni leyo ndaba.

Le mibhalo, esetshenziselwa ukukhombisa okufanele kudluliswe, ukweluleka ukuthi indikimba nokwakheka kwemibono kuzonwetshwa kanjani, ukunikeza ulwazi olufushane kubafundi bendaba ezoxoxwa ngayo, ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-Literary Umsebenzi unabalaleli abaningi, isibonelo: Uma incwadi ibingenaso isingeniso, abantu abayibonayo kungenzeka bangabi nentshisekelo yokufunda ngisho namakhasi okuqala, ngoba bebengeke bazi ngendaba kuze kube sekupheleni kwayo.