Izici zobungako bendaba yizo zonke lezo ezingabalwa, njengoba negama lalo lisho ukuthi "I-Quantitative". Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphuzu athile athakazelisayo ngendaba nangezinto ezihlukile zezinto ezikhona azokwaziswa.
Yini ndaba?
Incazelo yendaba ayilutho nje ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ephathekayo, elinganisekayo futhi engazwakala, ithatha isikhala esithile lapho itholakala khona.
Kunezigidi zezinto ezahlukahlukene ezingabonakala ngezinye zezici zazo, ngaphezu kwalokho kuzokwazi ukwazi ukuminyana kwazo, ukuqina namandla azo, ngokwazi izakhiwo zodaba, uzothola ulwazi maqondana nakho konke okuzungeze imvelo ethile .
Indaba nayo ingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwayo, lokhu kwehlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili zezinto ezizobalulwa ngezansi.
Izinto ezihlanganisiwe: Lokhu kubhekisa enhlanganisweni yezinto ezimbili ezimsulwa emzimbeni, hhayi kumakhemikhali, ngokwazi lokhu zingabuye zihlukaniswe zibe yimixube ehambisanayo enokwakheka okufanayo kanye nama-heterogenies aphikisana nalena eyedlule.
Izingxube zingahlukaniswa ngezinye izindlela ezifana, ngokwesibonelo, i-distillation noma ukuhlunga, ngaleyo ndlela kube izingxenye ezimbili futhi.
Izinto ezihlanzekile: amasampula alezi zinto ahlala efana, futhi izakhi zawo nezinhlanganisela nazo zakhiwe ngendlela efanayo ukuyinikeza ukwakheka kwento emsulwa ngokuphelele.
Indaba ingabuye ihlukaniswe ngezifundazwe ezintathu, njengezindawo ezinegesi, eziqinile nezingamanzi, ezishintshayo kuye ngokusondela noma ibanga lama-athomu ayenzayo, okusondelayo kuzoba seduze kakhulu, kepha lapho kungenzeka kube kude kakhulu uketshezi, futhi uma luhlukaniswe kakhulu kungahle kube yinto enegesi.
Izici zendaba
Izici zendaba zihlukaniswe zaba izingxenye ezimbili ezibanzi njenge-physics ebhekisa kusampula yento, futhi i-chemistry isho ukwakheka kwendaba. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuzakhiwo zomzimba, udaba lungashintsha isimo salo, ukusuka kokuqinile kuya kuketshezi, futhi okuphambene nalokho, futhi kusuka kuketshezi kuya komoya futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Kungenzeka futhi ukusho izakhiwo zobungako nobulungiswa zendaba, ezizochazwa emigqeni elandelayo.
Izici zokulinganisa zendaba
Lokhu kubhekisa ezingxenyeni zezinto ezingabalwa, lezi zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili okungaba:
Ama-propiedades Ubuningi obunzulu: lawa amakhemikhali azimele ezintweni nasezintweni zawo, ngalezi kungenzeka ukuthi wehlukanise izinhlobo zezinto eziqondiswa ukushisa kwazo okubilayo noma kwefission, i-viscosity kanye nobuningi bazo.
- Iphuzu lokubilisa: Kushisa ngqo lapho into iqala khona inqubo yokushintsha isuke ketshezi iye esimweni segesi.
- Iphoyinti lokungena: Cishe inqubo efanayo nephuzu lokubilisa, umehluko ukuthi kulapho impahla isuka kokuqinile iye kuketshezi.
- I-viscosity: Lokhu kubonisa ukumelana okulethwa uketshezi noma uketshezi lapho kusukwa endaweni ethile kuya kwenye ngesikhathi esinikeziwe.
- Ubuningi: lokhu kuchazwa njengezikhathi zobuningi benani levolumu
Izici ezifanelekile
Yizo zonke lezo zingxenye ezingabalwa, ezifana nombala nephunga, ungangeza futhi ukwahlukaniswa kwezizwe okuyizindawo eziqinile, eziwuketshezi nezinegesi futhi kune-plasma, kepha ayivamile emhlabeni, kepha indawo yonke ngokujwayelekile.
Kunokuhlukaniswa okuthile kwesikali okuthi yize kunzima ukusibala, kungabeka ukuqhathanisa kwaso, njengokuthamba, ukuqina kanye nokuthamba.
Izibonelo zezakhiwo ezilinganiselwe nezikhwalithi
Ezinye izibonelo zezindawo zokubala yilezi:
- Isisindo: le ngxenye ingitshele eNewton
- Ivolumu: Lesi silinganiso sincike kumalitha, amamitha ubude, ububanzi, noma ama-cubic.
- IMisa: Ingalinganiswa ngamakhilogremu noma ngamakhilogremu.
Ungathola futhi ezinye eziningi ezinjengokuthi: izinga lokushisa, ukuncibilika, ukuhlukaniswa ngamaphoyinti namaphoyinti abilayo, ukugxila, ukuphinda ukhiphe, ukuqhutshwa kukagesi nokushisa, ubude, izinga le-asidi, indawo engaphezulu nejubane.
Uma sikhuluma ngezakhiwo zekhwalithi, lokhu okulandelayo kungashiwo:
Izici ze-organoleptic ezi: umbala, iphunga, ukunambitheka nokuthungwa.
Kukhona futhi okulandelayo: ubulukhuni, ukungathambeki kalula, i-ductility, i-gloss, i-opacity, ukwakheka, ubukhali noburhabaxa.
Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile nezicacisiwe
Futhi kuyizinto zendaba, okuyizinto ezivamile kube yizo zonke izinto ezijwayelekile kuzo zonke izinto, ezingasivumeli ukuba siqaphele into ethile, futhi lezo eziqondile zingaba okuphambene nalezi ezedlule ngoba lezi zivumela izinto ukuthi zibe zikhonjwe, ngoba Zicaciswa nento ethile
Lezi zakhiwo zinezigaba zazo ezihlukene kodwa zilingana ncamashi nezakhiwo zobuningi nezekhwalithi, ngakho-ke kungangezwa ukuthi izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zizofana nezilinganiselwe futhi izakhiwo ezithile zizolingana nezakhiwo zekhwalithi.
Yize kunokungafani kwabo, izakhiwo zezinto zokwabelana zabelana ngenhloso efanayo okuwumphumela wocwaningo lwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezikhona ebusweni bomhlaba, futhi ezingafunda ngisho nezinto ezingezona ezomhlaba, ngoba zinakho konke ukucaciswa nemithethonqubo edingekayo ukutadishwa kwanoma yikuphi ukwaziswa okwethulwayo, okungenani ngokuqonda komuntu kuze kube namuhla.
Ngaphandle kocwaningo lwezinto zokwenziwa kwezinto, ukube ubuyoba nolwazi ngesisindo sezinto, ukuqina kwazo, ubude bazo, isivinini sazo, ngamafuphi nje umhlaba ubuyohluka ngokuphelele kunamuhla, izimoto bezingeke zibe nama-speedometer, noma lapho uthenga inyama noma izithelo kanye / noma imifino, ubungeke wazi isisindo osifunayo ukusithenga, okungenza impilo ibe nzima kakhulu namuhla.