Funda ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamashidi omsebenzi

Amashidi okusebenzela kukhona izinsimbi ezisetshenziselwe ukuqoqa imininingwane ebalulekile womsebenzi owenziwe, ongasebenza njengesisekelo sedatha ebhalwe kulo mbhalo, noma ongasisiza ukuthi sifunde ngendlela eqonde kakhulu iphuzu elithile lophenyo esifuna ukugcizelela lona kakhulu.

Ukugcwaliseka kwalawa mafayela kubaluleke kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokugcina nokwenza lula ukufinyelela olwazini oludingeka kaningi maqondana nalokho ofuna ukukufunda. Phambilini bezijwayele ukwenziwa ekhadibhodini elinokusikwa kukanxande, kepha namhlanje ngentuthuko eningi kwezobuchwepheshe, zaqala ukusetshenziswa ngamadijithi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iningi lamadivayisi we-elektroniki asetshenziswa ngabantu abaningi (bheka omakhalekhukhwini noma amaphilisi, isibonelo) anohlelo olukhethekile noma uhlelo lokusebenza lwenothi, lapho singabhala khona amafayili azo zonke izinhlobo.

Izinhlobo zamashidi okusebenzela zihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwemininingwane ofuna ukuyifaka, kungaba ngezincwadi, omagazini, amaphephandaba, umlando womuntu, abalingiswa noma ababhali, phakathi kwezihloko eziningi. Into ebalulekile ukubeka imininingwane efanelekile endaweni engafinyeleleka kalula.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwamashidi okusebenzela

• Ifayela lemibhalo ende: yilawo anamagama angaphezu kwama-35. Imvamisa zivela emisebenzini enamaphuzu amaningi abalulekile ukugqamisa, okudingeka ukunamathisela imininingwane eyanele kuzo.
• Ifayela lombhalo elifushane: zikhonjiswa ngokuhlala zinamagama angaphansi kwama-35, ngokuba okuphambene nefayela lombhalo elide, njengoba igama lalo likhombisa. Lolu hlobo lwefayela luqonde kakhulu ngokubaluleka kolwazi ofuna ukuluqoqa.
• Ithebhu efingqiwe: ulwazi lufushanisiwe ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokushintsha umqondo wokuqala, noma kumane nje kubekwe okuhambisana kakhulu noma okugqanyisiwe kocwaningo.
• Ishidi lokubhaliwe elingumbhalo: Kubekwa isigaba esibalulekile noma isinqamu somsebenzi, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufakwa amamaki wokucaphuna ukusekela noma ukuqinisekisa imininingwane ebekiwe noma ekhishwe ocwaningweni.
• Ifayela le-Bibliographic: Angamafayela ahloselwe ukugcina imininingwane evela ngqo encwadini noma i-athikili, engasetshenziselwa ukwenza lula ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo, njengokuqinisa komunye umthombo wolwazi.
• Ifayela le-Hemerographic: Lokhu kunenhloso efanayo naleyo eyedlule, kepha kuyasetshenziswa lapho ufuna ukuthola imininingwane kumagazini noma ephephandabeni.
• Imininingwane yomuntu: Bagcina imininingwane yomuntu obalulekile, lapho imininingwane yomuntu kufanele ibekwe khona, njenge: indawo yokuzalwa, usuku, imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu, phakathi kwabanye.
• Ishidi lezingxoxo: Kususelwa ekuqoqeni imininingwane yabanye abantu ofuna ukuxoxa nabo, ukuze babe nolwazi abalunikeze ngendlela ehleleke kakhudlwana futhi efinyeleleka kalula.
• Ishidi lokuchaza: Kulezi kungenzeka ukubhala ngokukhululekile ngendaba ephenywe ngamagama akho.
• Ifayela lomuntu siqu: Ayizimpawu zokuqoqwa kolwazi oluvela kubantu. Kulokhu, ungafaka imininingwane, efana negama eliphelele, izinombolo zocingo, i-imeyili, indawo yeposi, indawo yokuhlala, ikheli, phakathi kokunye okuningi, okuwusizo ukuxhumana.

Ungalenza kanjani ifomu lomsebenzi?

Kunesakhiwo esiyisisekelo sokunikeza ukuhleleka nencazelo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamashidi wokusebenzela akhona. Lolu lwazi luzoshintsha kuphela ngokuya ngohlobo lwethokheni elenziwa, kepha uhlaka lwayo luzohlala lukhona. Okulandelayo, kuzokhonjiswa ukuthi uwahlela kanjani amakhasi okusebenzela ngohlobo lwawo.

Amafayela okucwaninga, izingxoxo noma imibuzo: Lapho senza lolu hlobo lwamafayela kufanele sinake lezi zici ezilandelayo zesakhiwo salo.

• Isihloko socwaningo, noma inhlolokhono, kufanele ibekwe engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesokudla yedokhumenti, ngaleyo ndlela wonke umuntu onethuba lokuyifunda uzoba nolwazi ngayo, ngenxa yendawo etholakala kuyo.
• Engxenyeni engenhla kwesokunxele kwiphepha lomsebenzi, kuzobekwa igama lalowo obekuxoxwa naye, akwenzayo, usuku nesikhathi lapho kwenziwa uhlu lwemibuzo. Lokhu kwenzeka kuzo zombili lezi zimo, ngoba kuphrojekthi yocwaningo kumele kuxoxwe nabantu ukuze bathole ulwazi ngesihloko.
• Ngemuva kwalokho kubekwa imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu echazwe umuntu okwaxoxwa naye, kugwenywe ukubeka imibuzo ebuziwe.

Amathebhu wokufingqa: Lokhu kunesakhiwo esifanayo nalesi esichazwe ngenhla, umehluko ukuthi incwadi, iphephandaba, umagazini noma indaba ulwazi oluthole kuyo kumele ibekwe engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesokudla; ngenkathi ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele umbhali womsebenzi, ikhasi lencwadi kanye nosuku lokuphothulwa kufanele kubekwe.

Amashidi okuphawula komuntu siqu: Lawa esiwabonile phambilini njengamakhadi afingqiwe futhi ahlelwe ngendlela efanayo namakhadi wokufingqa, umehluko kuphela wokuthi lapho ufaka imininingwane, kufanele ungeze ikhotheshini yocezu ofuna ukuphawula ngalo kwikhotheshini amamaki, bese ubeka impikiswano yomuntu siqu yomusho othile.

Amashidi wokuhlaziya: Zingathathwa njengelinye igatsha lamakhadi asho okufingqiwe, ngoba aqukethe ukuveza umbono wakho ngesihloko, okade ufunda isikhathi esithile. Ukuhlela lawa mafayili, imininingwane efakwe engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesobunxele kufanele inganakwa, ngoba akukho kuphawula, ibinzana, noma isiqeshana sombhali esizobekwa.

Njengoba kulula ukwenza njengoba kufanele bachaze, amaphepha okusebenzela abonakala ehle kakhulu ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane nethuluzi lokuhlola, ngoba basinikeza imininingwane ngendlela ehleleke kakhudlwana futhi nokufinyelela okuthe xaxa, kunokuyifuna emithonjeni yabo yasekuqaleni, phakathi kwezinkulungwane zemisho noma amakhasi.

Ngemuva kokwazi zonke izinhlobo zazo nezindlela zokuzihlela, awunakuba nesizathu sokuqala ukuzenza ekhaya, emsebenzini, noma kunoma iyiphi inkambu ezidingayo.