Ukonakala kwemvelo kungumphumela wemonakalo ehlukahlukene edalwe (izimbangela) emvelweni, njengokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa. Lezi zimbangela zingahlukahluka, kanye nemiphumela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ziyini ukuze sizigweme noma sithole izixazululo.
Kungani ukuwohloka kwemvelo kwenzeka?
Kunezici ezahlukahlukene noma izici ezinomthelela ekuwohlokeni kwemvelo, njengokuncipha kwemithombo yemvelo, umkhakha wemboni, amahlathi, ukonakala kwendawo yokuhlala, izinhlobo ezifakwe kwezinye izindawo nokungcola kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwazo.
Ukungcola
Kubizwa ukungcola ekuguqulweni kwemvelo ngokwethulwa kwezakhi ezingafanelekile noma ezasekuqaleni, okungukuthi, ngokuyisisekelo ukuba khona kwanoma iyiphi into noma into engeyona eyekhaya futhi okudala umthelela omubi kuyo.
Kungenzeka ukuthola okuhlukile Izinhlobo zokungcola, ngoba zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwemvelo ethintekile. Phakathi kwazo okuvame kakhulu yilezo zenhlabathi, i-atmospheric, i-hydric noma amanzi ne-acoustic, okuvame ukufundwa esikoleni; kepha futhi kufanele kubhekwe nokukhanya, ukubonwa, ukushisa, ugesi, imisebe, izakhi zofuzo kanye nodoti (ngogesi futhi okhethekile).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungcola nakho kuhlukaniswa ngokwezinga lomthombo, okungukuthi, indlela okusatshalaliswa ngayo endaweni ethile; lawa amaphuzu, asakazeka futhi aqondile.
- Iphuzu lapho ukungcoliswa kutholakala endaweni eyodwa, njengokukhipha amanzi.
- Ukusabalalisa kubhekisa ezimeni lapho khona izinto eziyingozi zisatshalaliswa emvelweni, njenge-asidi ekhiqizwa ezimvuleni ngokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi kanye nomswakamo womoya.
- Umugqa wengxenye yawo, ukusatshalaliswa ku-inthanethi njengoba igama lawo lisho. Isibonelo esisobala salokhu udoti otholakala ezindleleni.
Umkhakha Wezimboni
Umkhakha wezimboni ungezinye zezici ezikhiqiza umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu ekuwohlokeni kwemvelo; lapho kungenzeka khona ukuwahlukanisa ngokuya ngendawo, njengebhizinisi lezolimo, amahlathi kanye namafektri anelisa ukufunwa okubangelwa ukuthenga abathengi kanye nokuntuleka kokuqwashisa.
- Izimboni zezolimo Zishintshe kakhulu namuhla, ngoba phambilini izinhlobo zemvelo zezitshalo nezilwane bezigcinwa. Kodwa-ke, ezolimo zanamuhla zikhathazeke kuphela ngokusebenzisa izitshalo ezi-hybrid okuthi ngokwazo “zizuzise” abantu; njengemfuyo nje.
- Amahlathi Ngokwengxenye yayo, sekuphenduke inqubo yokwenziwa kakhulu, ngoba izitshalo ziguqulwe ukuze zithole isivuno esikhulu futhi zinciphise namathuba okuthola ezinye zezifo ezaziwa kakhulu zezihlahla noma izitshalo.
- Amafektri wezimpahla, izinto noma yini kukhona ekukhiqizweni njalo ukwanelisa umphakathi wabathengi, ongagcini ngokudala ukungcola ngezinqubo ezenziwayo, kepha futhi unikeza abantu abenzeli noma izinto ezidingekayo ukufaka isandla ekuwohlokeni kwengxenye.
Ukuwohloka kwendawo yokuhlala
Ngenxa yezenzo ezenziwa ngabantu, njengamadamu kanye nezokuvakasha ezingasogwini, izimo zemvelo zendawo yokuhlala ziye zonakala, okusho ingozi ezinhlotsheni zezitshalo nezilwane ezihlala kuyo.
Ukuwohloka kwemvelo kwenzeka futhi ngokwethulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ngoba lezi aziqhamuki kuleyo ndawo, zingaphula umjikelezo wokuphila wenhlobo.
Isizathu ngasinye silandela inqubo egcina ithinte imvelo lapho sihlala khona, nokuyinto leyo esiyaziyo kodwa enganaki isikhathi esiningi. Yize i- imikhankaso mayelana nokulimala kwemvelo sibe nemiphumela emihle, kusese nendlela ende okusamele ihanjwe ukuqwashisa abantu bonke.
Ukwanda kwabantu
Enye yezimbangela ezinkulu ze ukuwohloka kwemvelo Kwenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu. Ngoba kuzokwenza ukuthi imvelo igcwale. Kokubili izindlu nokudla kuyimithwalo ezophinde iqinise ngohlobo lodoti. Ngakho-ke imvelo ayikakulungeli ukuxhasa abantu abanjalo. Sisebenzisa imithombo yemvelo, ikakhulukazi engavuseleleki. Ngakho-ke esikhathini esizayo esingekude kakhulu kuzoba nemiphumela emihle. Lapho inani labantu landa, ukungcola kuyanda.
Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi
Kuyinkinga, ngoba izihlahla ezidingeka kangaka ziyancishiswa. Njengoba sazi kahle, banesibopho sokuhlanza imvelo, ngaphezu kokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo owengeziwe nezinye izimfanelo zempilo yomuntu. I- ukulahleka kwezihlahla iphonsa izinombolo ezikhathazayo impela. Ngakho-ke, kuzofanele inxeshezelwe ngemikhankaso yokutshala izihlahla. Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu zakho konke lokhu ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo emikhulu nemigwaqo emikhulu, ngoba ukuyenza, izindawo ezinkulu ezigcwele izihlahla zisusiwe.
Amagesi ayingozi
Njengoba sazi kahle, kuneziningana amagesi angadala umonakalo omkhulu. Ezinye ziyi-CO2 ne-NH3. Futhi ziyimbangela yemigodi kusendlalelo lwe-ozone. Omunye umonakalo wesibambiso yimvula ebizwa nge-acid. Lapho inala yayo iqongelela phezulu izosusa ngokuphelele izitshalo futhi ilimaze nenhlabathi.
Ukuqedwa kwezinsizakusebenza
Lapho kunamanzi amancane ahlanzekile, kuzosetshenziswa amanzi okuphuza kepha angalawulwa. Okuthile okuzoholela ekuqedweni kwesisetshenziswa esidingeka kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola imililo yehlathi eqothula umhlaba, izimila nezilwane. Ngakho-ke, ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi kuzovela. Futhi asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuzingelwa kwezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane, kanye nokuxhashazwa ngokweqile, okuzophela ngakho.
Izimoto
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, kufanele sihambe ngemoto. Kepha kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi, yize kungadingekile kangako, siyayithwala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma siyisebenzisa kakhulu, sizobe singcolisa kakhulu. Ngoba izinjini kufanele zibekwe icala ngokungcola, esikhuluma ngayo futhi kulokhu okuthunyelwe.
Iyini imiphumela yokulimala kwemvelo?
Izimbangela ezibalulwe ngenhla yizo ezidala umonakalo omkhulu kwezemvelo; Kulokhu sichaza nemiphumela yabo emikhulu, yize ngendlela ejwayelekile singagqamisa umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu futhi odinga izixazululo ezisebenzayo, njengokufudumala komhlaba, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, imiphumela yokuxhashazwa kwenhlabathi, ama-microclimates, imiphumela emibi empilweni yabantu, phakathi ezinye esizobona ngezansi.
1. Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke
Ukushisa komhlaba jikelele kungumkhiqizo wamazinga okushisa akhuphukayo ezifundwe kuleli khulu leminyaka elidlule, ezikhiqiza imiphumela emibi emvelweni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngomthelela omkhulu noma omncane ngokuya ngendawo kanye nokuwohloka okukhiqizwe kuyo; kanye nemiphumela emibi yezinye izimbangela.
Ngaphakathi kwalomphumela kubuye kwahlanganiswa izenzakalo ezahlukahlukene ezonakalisa imvelo, ezihlukaniswa ngemiphumela yezemvelo nezenhlalo.
- I-Los imiphumela yezemvelo Bahlanganisa ndawonye izimo zezulu, imithelela esezingeni eliphakeme, ukukhuphuka ezingeni lobubi nokuguqulwa kwezinhlelo zemvelo.
- I-Los imiphumela yomphakathi abhekisele kwizikhukhula zezifunda kanye nomthelela kuzingqalasizinda nakwezomnotho jikelele.
Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuphela okuwumphumela omubi kakhulu okufanele ubhekwe ngokuphuthuma okukhulu kakhulu, ngoba kunomonakalo omkhulu othinta inani labantu emhlabeni, izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, kanye nayo yonke imvelo ngokujwayelekile.
1.1. Eminye imiphumela yemvelo noma imiphumela
a) Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi
Eyaziwa nangokuthi "ukugawulwa kwezihlahla", ibhekisa ngendlela ejwayelekile kuso sonke leso senzo esenziwa ngumuntu esikhiqiza ukubhujiswa kwehlathi; okuvame ukuba ngumkhiqizo wokugawulwa kwezihlahla ukwakha izikhala ezinezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.
Umonakalo omkhulu okhiqiziwe yi- ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ngoba lokhu kungayenza indawo engakhiqizi futhi kulethe imiphumela eminingi: izinhlobo ezisengozini yokushabalala, ukuguqulwa kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nokufuduswa kwabanye abantu. Ngokulandelanayo, lesi simo sinomthelela ekuwohlokeni kokufudumala kwembulunga yonke; Ngoba izihlahla zinamandla okumunca amagesi ayingozi anobuthi alimaza umkhathi.
b) Ukuphela kwemithombo yemvelo
Izinsizakusebenza zemvelo azinamkhawulo, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwazo kufanele kulawulwe ukugwema izinkinga ngokuzayo, yize umqondo omkhulu kungaba ukwenza abantu bazijwayeze ukucabanga okuthe xaxa.
Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabantu emhlabeni iphila ngamalitha angaphansi kwamashumi amathathu; ngenkathi ngokocwaningo, isivakashi esisodwa sikwazi ukusebenzisa amalitha amanzi angaphezu kwenkulungwane nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, amanzi angenye yezinsiza ezithinteka kakhulu futhi inezibalo ezishaqisa ngempela, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni.
1.2. Imiphumela ehlukahlukene yomphakathi noma imiphumela
a) Ingqalasizinda
Ingqalasizinda ngokuvamile iyathinteka ngenxa yezimbangela ezahlukene. Isibonelo, izikhukhula ezidalwe yizimo zemvelo ezinjenge-tsunami, izivunguvungu neziphepho.
b) Umnotho
Umnotho uphinde uthinteke nenani lemali elisetshenzisiwe ukuthola izixazululo zalezi zinkinga, njengemikhankaso yokukhangisa, ukuvikelwa kwezilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi, phakathi kokunye.
2. Imiphumela emibi yezempilo
Impilo yabantu nezinhlobo eziningi zithintekile yile nto ngenxa yezimbangela ezahlukahlukene, kepha izibalo ziyethusa impela. Isibonelo, izinga lomuntu lokuphila lingancishiswa ngokuphuza amanzi angcolile, ukuphefumula umoya otheleleke ngezinto eziyingozi, futhi izifo ezibangelwa ukungcola jikelele.
Vele ufunde izibalo ezishicilelwe, ngoba zibonisa inani lokufa (ngaphezu kwezigidi ezinhlanu ngonyaka) nezifo ezibangelwa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi; ngaleyo ndlela kuthinta impilo yanoma yiluphi uhlobo noma isidalwa esiphilayo.
3. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zizolahleka
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kusho i-ecosystem set kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezakha umhlaba. Konke akukhona okwakamuva, kodwa umphumela weminyaka eminingi yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke konke lokhu ngeke kulahleke ngobusuku obubodwa. Kubalulekile ukukwazi ukugcina ibhalansi ku-ecosystem.
4. Ungqimba lwe-ozone nezimbobo zalo
Njengoba sazi kahle, ungqimba lwe-ozone lubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoba nguyena ohlanganisa futhi uvikela umhlaba emisebeni yelanga, eziyingozi. Kepha futhi kuveza idatha ekhathazayo, ngoba konke ukungcola okukhona, kunikeza umkhondo wokuthi ungqimba lwe-ozone kungenzeka luthambe isikhathi ngasinye.
5. Izinguzunga zeqhwa ezithanda ukuncibilika
Ngomunye wemiphumela esheshayo. Kunesomiso esinamandla kakhulu futhi iqhwa lizoncibilika ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke izinga lolwandle izokwanda futhi ingadala izikhukhula ezindaweni ezithile. Lokhu kungaholela ezinambuzaneni nasezifweni eziningi.
6. Ezokuvakasha zizokwehla
Mhlawumbe yi- imiphumela eseceleni, kepha futhi kufanele kukhulunywe ngakho. Ngaphezu kwanoma yini ngoba uma izikhala eziluhlaza nezindawo ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni zilahlekile, kuyacaca ukuthi izivakashi zizocabanga kabili. Udinga nje ukucabanga izikhala eziluhlaza ezingaphansi ezinodoti omningi. Azikwenzi ufune ukusuka ekhaya!
Iminikelo noma izixazululo zokugwema ukonakala kwemvelo
Impela njengamanje kunenqwaba yeminikelo eyenziwe izinhlangano, izisekelo, izivumelwano zamazwe omhlaba, phakathi kokunye silwe nokonakala kwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobucayi besimo, kuyadingeka ukuthi sinikeze izixazululo eziningi uma sifuna imiphumela esebenzayo.
Inhloso okumele izuzwe ukuthi bobabili abantu abajwayelekile abahlala edolobheni noma edolobheni, kanye nosomabhizinisi, abakhiqizi, osopolitiki nezinye izikhundla, bayazi ukuthi imvelo idinga ukunakekelwa ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngendawo, kuzoba nezixazululo eziningana ezivimbela noma zinciphise ukukhula kokuwohloka.
Izixazululo emphakathini
Ngokomphakathi, bonke abantu kufanele basebenzise amandla kagesi, bagcine ompompi bevaliwe futhi bangavumeli amanzi agijime, basebenzise ukonga ama-light noma ama-LED, bagcine izimoto zisesimweni esihle noma bakhethe ezikagesi, bagweme ukusebenzisa ipulasitiki njengezikhwama, baphinde basebenzise futhi bahlukanise imfucuza, bagcine inhlanzeko yezindawo zomphakathi nezemvelo, phakathi kokunye.
Iminikelo yezepolitiki
Osopolitiki kanye nama-ejensi aphethe ukunakekela imvelo kumele enze imithetho elawula imisebenzi yezimboni noma leyo yezakhamizi uqobo (izinhlawulo zokungcolisa), ngokwesibonelo.
Izixazululo zebhizinisi nezimboni
Osomabhizinisi nabakhiqizi, ngaphezu kokunaka imithetho nezivumelwano maqondana nokulawulwa nokunakekelwa kwemvelo, kumele futhi babambisane ekutholeni izixazululo ezibavumela ukuthi banciphise ukungcola.
Lezi yizibonelo nje zezinye izixazululo ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo, okuthi noma zisetshenziswa namuhla, ukonakala kwemvelo kuyaqhubeka nokwanda. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusiza ukusabalalisa ulwazi ngemithombo yezokuxhumana eyahlukene ukuheha ukunakwa kwabantu nokwenza lolu lwazi lube inqubo yokufunda.
Uma uthanda imvelo, ungaphuthelwa yilezi amabinzana ukunakekela imvelo. Ungabelana nabo kumanethiwekhi wakho wokuxhumana nabantu futhi ngaleyo ndlela wenze abantu abaseduze kwakho bazi ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuthi sinakekele iplanethi esiphila kuyo.
Ulwazi oluhle kakhulu sithandwa sami, ngibheke phambili kwiminikelo yakho ephumelela kakhulu.