Menene ke faruwa a kwakwalwarmu yayin da muke yaƙi da jaraba?

Abin da "Asalin Asali don Kamun kai" ya bayyana, wata kasida wanda aka buga shi a watan Oktoba na shekarar 2009 a cikin jaridar "Injiniya da Kimiyya" shi ne a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an gano su a cikin kwakwalwa manyan wurare biyu masu alaƙa da ƙarfin ƙarfi, ana kunna lokacin da muka sami kanmu a cikin halin da dole ne mu yanke shawara.

Na farko daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin guda biyu yana cikin wani yanki ne na kwakwalwa da ake kira Gwanin farko na ventromedial (a kore a hoto). Ana kunna wannan yanki lokacin da muke fuskantar zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa da buƙatar zaɓar tsakanin ɗayansu, kamar ko cin lafiyayyen apple ko faɗawa cikin jarabawar launin ruwan goro mara tsayayya ...

Gwanin farko na ventromedial (a cikin kore) yana fara gano abubuwan da ke gaban sa, yana ba da ƙima ga kowane ɗayansu, kuma bayan kwatanta su, yana yanke hukunci. Kuma menene yanke shawara ya dogara? Zai dogara ne da yawan abin da jijiyoyin wannan yanki ke amsawa ga kowane abu da aka gabatar mana. Valuearin darajar da muke ɗora wa abu, mafi girman aikin neuronal a cikin gurɓataccen gurji na cikin iska (a koren), sabili da haka mafi girman yiwuwar za mu ƙare da zaɓar abin. A halin da nake ciki, alal misali, babu wata tantama cewa ruwan goro zai ba da amsa mafi girma ta hancin farko fiye da apple. Amma menene ya tabbatar da cewa a ƙarshe zan sami damar zaɓar apple kuma don haka ya dace da manufofin da nake ba da shawara? Ina "willpower" yake? Menene bambance-bambance tsakanin wasu mutane da wasu?

Ba wai mutane da matsalolin kamun kai ba "suna da daɗin ci sosai" misali, amma dai suna da alama sun iyakance ma'auninsu zuwa ƙimar abubuwa nan take ("Mmh, yadda kyau launin ruwan kasa yake da kyau ... Lafiyata? Me Yana da mahimmanci! Carpe diem!), Yayin da mutanen da ke nuna ƙarfin zuciya suma suna yin la'akari da dogon lokaci. Sannan kuma, za ku ce "wannan ƙwarin gwiwa wani abu ne da aka gada ko kuma yake da alaƙa da hankali?" Ba daidai ba. A zahiri, wasu mawallafa kamar su Malcolm Gladwell sun tabbatar da cewa hankali, kodayake yana da sauye-sauye masu kyau, baya yanke shawarar zama mai nasara a rayuwa. Dangane da matsalolin nauyi, akwai wasu dalilai masu kayyadadden yanayi wadanda zasu iya sauƙaƙa ko hana aiwatar da hanyoyin sarrafa kai kamar tsarin mulki na kowane mutum (mutanen da ke da saurin ƙaruwa da sauƙi dole ne su nuna ƙarfi da ƙarfi don tsayayya da jarabobi), da tasirin ilimi kan ɗabi'ar cin abinci ko ma yanayin zamantakewar tattalin arziki na mutum (dole ne ya kasance yana kwatanta farashi da ƙididdigar kowane tsabar kuɗi yana rage ƙarfi saboda yana da matuƙar aiki).

Koyaya, abin da ya fi jan hankalin masana shine ƙaƙƙarfan motsin rai a cikin halaye na motsawa waɗanda aka lura ba kawai ga mutanen da ke da matsalar nauyi ba, har ma a cikin jaraba, a cikin matsalolin sarrafa motsin rai, tashin hankali na gida, da dai sauransu. Mutane da yawa suna daidaita yanayin tunaninsu ta hanyar abinci ko amfani da abu. Saboda haka mahimmancin fahimtar abin da raunin mu ya ɓoye, na sa ayyukanmu su zama masu faɗakarwa da kuma koyon (ko sake koyo) wasu dabarun magance su waɗanda ba su da lahani ga lafiyar jiki ko hana manufofin da muka sanya wa kanmu. A waɗannan yanayin, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na iya zama babban taimako don fita daga mawuyacin hali wanda bai dace da mu ba.

Kelly McGonigal, masaniyar halayyar dan adam kuma farfesa a Jami’ar Stanford, wacce na yi sa’ar halartar azuzuwanta, ta yi bayani a cikin littafinta mai suna “The Willpower Instinct” cewa abin da muke fuskanta a wannan duniyar ta zamani a matsayin asarar sarrafawa na iya zama gaskiya ne. ilhami Kwakwalwar ta samo asali ne a cikin yanayi daban da na yau. An tsara shi ne don jagorantar shawararmu zuwa ga gamsuwa nan take kamar yadda albarkatu da wadatar abinci a zamanin da suka kasance mafi ƙaranci da rashin tabbas. Matsalar ita ce abin da yake daidaitawa a da ba ya zama mai daidaitawa koyaushe a yau. Saboda wannan, Lokacin da muke jin yunwa, ƙwaƙwalwa tana canzawa zuwa wani yanayi na rashin ƙarfi kuma muna iya fuskantar haɗari. Babban fifikon kwakwalwar mu zai kasance ne dan samun karin karfi, tare da maida sauran zuwa bango.

Wani marubucin, Archibald Hill, ya ba da shawarar cewa gajiya da aka samu daga motsa jiki ba saboda gazawar tsoka ba ne amma ga tsarin da ke wuce gona da iri a cikin kwakwalwa wanda aikinsa shi ne hana ƙarewa. Don haka, jin gajiya zai kasance wata dabara ce da hankalinmu ke saitawa don kare jikinmu daga yawan lalacewa da hawaye.

Yanzu, komawa ga tambaya daga baya, menene ya banbanta mutum da karfin zumunta daga wani mai karamin karfi (amma a kiyaye, karfin zuciya ba halaye ne na yau da kullun ba amma yanayi ne), shine kunna yankin kwakwalwa da ake kira rsoarƙirar farko (yankin da aka yiwa alama a ja a zane). Don haka, an lura cewa a cikin mutanen da ke da iko da kansu, ana kunna wannan yankin don sauya yanayin haɓakar kwalliyar gaba (a cikin koren) don haka an haɗa ɓangarorin dogon lokaci kamar ƙimarmu, manufofinmu, imaninmu, burinmu cikin yanke shawara. Sabanin haka, a cikin mutanen da ke da ƙarancin ƙarfi, kututtukan farko na gorso (a ja) ba ya shigo cikin wasa don ƙayyade aikin ƙirar gabbai na gaba (a kore).

Amma kada mu firgita da ra'ayoyin ƙaddara! Labari mai dadi shine karfin zuciya kamar tsoka ne saboda haka za'a iya horar dashi. A gefe guda, kiyaye kyawawan halaye na rayuwa shine tushen inganta bayyanar ta. Tunda kamun kai ya dogara da yanayin iliminmu, yana da mahimmanci a kula da bacci, cin abinci, da kuma motsa jiki da motsa jiki da samun wuraren shakatawa don dawo da shi. Kar mu manta cewa yawan kame kai yana kashe kamun kai. Bugu da ƙari, an nuna motsa jiki don inganta ilimin halayyar mutum na kame kai kuma kawai minti 5 na motsa jiki a waje yana rage damuwa da haɓaka yanayi, maida hankali da girman kai.

Idan kana son yin atisaye, fara lura da kanka a cikin yanayin da ke ƙalubalantar ƙarfin ku. Babu buƙatar tilasta kowane canje-canje har yanzu. Kalli kawai. Ana kiran wannan aikin "Zuciya" kuma ya kunshi himma da lura da hankali ga abin da ke faruwa a halin yanzu, ƙoƙarin rashin tsoma baki ko ƙimar abin da ake ji ko fahimta a kowane lokaci. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu iya kawo tunani na atomatik ko motsin zuciyarmu wanda yawanci da ƙyar muke lura da shi.

Gwada ganowa:

1. Yanayi ko yanke shawara waɗanda galibi suka rage ƙwarin gwiwa
2. Lokutan da zaku ji sun fi ƙarfi
3. Ayyukan da zasu taimaka muku don dawo da ƙarfin ku

Lokacin da kuka ji a shirye, kuyi tunanin bangarorin halayenku ko salon rayuwar da kuke son haɓakawa, kuyi tunanin yadda rayuwarku zata kasance da wannan canjin, kuma ku sanya buri. Koyaya, yana da kyau kada mu sanya maƙasudai waɗanda suke da wahala tun daga farko saboda idan muka gaza, ƙila kwazonmu ya lalace. Don cimma amintattun canje-canje, saboda haka, ya fi kyau a ɗauki ƙananan matakai.

Ina baku shawarar kuyi amfani da wadannan nasihu tunda karfin zuciya dabi'u ne da za a iya kirkiro shi kuma daya daga cikin kayan aikin yau da kullun don tafiyar da rayuwar jituwa daidai da ka'idojin mu.

de Jasmine murga[mashashare]