Daga lokacin da mutum ya fara shiga harkar ilimi, ya zama wajibi a gare shi ya fara aiwatarwa da gabatar da shi cikin harshen wani sabon takamaiman sharudda wadanda suka yi tsokaci kan batutuwan da suka shafi rassan kimiyya musamman. Don haka, kamar yadda binciken ya kasance mai zurfin gaske da rikitarwa, waɗannan kalmomin fasaha za su keɓance takamaiman ma'ana ga kowane maudu'i a fannin ilimi, na kimiyya, na likita da na fasaha, amma kuma ya haɗa da kowane yanki da ke hulɗa da keɓaɓɓu. taken kamar gastronomy. Kasancewa mai matukar amfani a halin yanzu, tunda ana amfani da su a duk ɗawainiyar sana'a da fannoni masu ƙwarewa. Bari mu ɗan koya game da fasaha, lamarin da ya haifar da canje-canje da yawa tun farkonsa.
Ma'anar fasaha
Kalmar ana kiranta fasaha, azaman ma'aunin da aka yi amfani da shi a duniyar masu sana'a, yana nufin bangarorin fasaha, masu alaƙa da ilimin da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma hanyar kimiyya. Masana kimiyya ne, fasaha da sauran sana'oi, waɗanda ke samar da manyan kayan aikin ci gaba na yanzu.
Etymology na lokacin
Kalmar fasaha ta fito daga Latin "Technicus."”Kuma daga Girkanci "Technikós"Wanne ke nufin fasaha ko fasaha, da kuma kari" ism "wanda ke nufin tsarin ko koyarwa. Abinda yake nufi, a takaice dai kalmomin fasaha, kalma ce wacce take nufin rukunan fasaha don komawa zuwa takamaiman sharuɗɗa, inda fasaha ke buƙatar takamaiman fasaha don aiwatar da ita cikakke.
Tarihin fasaha
Kalmar tana da ma'anar farko a zamanin Renaissance inda aka wakilta ta hanyar ayyukan fasaha, falsafa da siyasa. Daga baya tare da ƙirƙirar fasaha, ana amfani da waɗannan kalmomin a cikin binciken farko na inji. Inda marubuci Thomas Hobbes, a cikin ƙarni na goma sha bakwai, ya gudanar da bincikensa, ta amfani da hanyoyin injiniya da samfura.
A karni na sha tara, tunanin fasaha ya rinjayi biyu daga cikin mahimman mahimmancin lokacin, Marxism da positivism. Sannan a karni na ashirin, kasance wani bangare na ci gaban da ba za a iya kirguwa ba, a dukkanin fagagen ilimi, wadanda ke da wakilci ta hanyar kere-kere, almarar kimiyya, igiyoyin tunanin kimiyya wadanda suka yi aiki a matsayin kayan aiki na amsa tambayoyi, wadanda a baya wasu rassa suka rufe su ba tare da tushen kimiyya ba.
Tsarin fasaha:
Kamar kalmar gabaɗaya, yawancin fasaha suna da asali ne daga Latin ko Girkanci na da. Sunan kari ne ko kari, ana amfani dashi bisa ga ƙwarewar fasaha, kimiyya ko sana'a. Yawancin lokaci ana yin su da kalma ɗaya ko fiye, idan Kalmar tana da tsayi sosai kuma yawanci a gajarce ta, kodayake galibi kalmomi ne guda ɗaya waɗanda ke da tushe, wanda shine ɓangaren da ke ƙunshe da mahimmancin ma'anar su.
Mahimmanci
Abubuwan fasaha suna da mahimmancin gaske a kowane yanki na karatu kuma ga kowane aikin sana'a, kayan aiki ne wanda ke aiki don samar da wani ra'ayi mai ma'ana da kuma iyakance ma'anar a wani yanki na ilimi. Don haka, barin ƙwararru a cikin maudu'i don sadarwa da juna, da kuma canja wurin bayanai ta hanyar magana ko a rubuce cikin hanyar kai tsaye.
Aikace-aikacen
Ana amfani da su gaba ɗaya a cikin ɗakunan labarai, inda marubuci ya san cewa mai karatu yana iya sarrafa takamaiman batun, yawanci ana samun su a cikin ɗab'i kamar su mujallu, jaridu, labaran kimiyya, majallu da tallan aji. Hakanan ana amfani dasu sosai a takamaiman yankuna na ilimi kamar: magani, fasaha, doka, tattalin arziki, kasuwanci, gudanarwa, gastronomy, da ƙari.
Misalai
Wannan yanayin yana haifar da bambance-bambancen karatu da yawa a cikin harshen ƙwarewa da dabaru, inda kalma guda zata iya bambanta ma'anoni da amfani, wanda ke nufin cewa kalma ɗaya za ta iya samun wata ma'ana ta daban dangane da mahangar kimiyya wacce take ciki. Ana iya la'akari da waɗannan:
- Kalmar gilashi:
A cikin magani, baƙin ciki yana nufin halayyar bisect na dabbobin vertebrate,
A cikin adabi, na yi tushe shine fi'ili da aka haɗu a farkon mutum kuma yana nufin tallafawa abu ɗaya a wani
A cikin ɗakin abinci, gilashi Sunan da aka ba wa kayan aikin ruwan sha ne, ana iya yin shi da filastik ko gilashi, tare da siffar silinda.
- Kalmar eco:
A magani Yana nufin tsarin da ake aiwatarwa ta hanyar amfani da na’urar asibiti da ake kira ecosonogram, wanda ke da aikin nuna sassan ciki. Amma sautin amsawa wanda aka samar yayin magana a cikin rufaffiyar kuma babu komai ana kiransa amsa kuwwa.
- A ga kalmar Window:
A cikin sarrafa kwamfuta Ana amfani da kalmar taga don bayyana wata hanyar da ta buɗe da ke nuna shafin yanar gizo, amma kuma ana iya amfani da ita don bayyana gilashin ko kwalaye na katako waɗanda aka sanya a cikin gidaje ko kuma gidaje don ba da damar haske ya shiga.
Kayan fasaha da aka yi amfani da su bisa ga yankin
Medicine: Likitan mata, likitan zuciya, likitan urologist, likitan mahaifa, karancin jini, saifa, hanji, zuciya, mafitsara, x-ray, amsa kuwwa, endoscopy, electrocardiogram, jijiyoyi, samu cututtukan rashin kariya (AIDS), kwayar cutar kanjamau (HIV), kamuwa da cuta, annoba, annoba, killace masu cuta.
Gudanarwa: Kudin, daidaito, kungiya, almubazzaranci, sayarwa, babban birni, tsarawa, lissafi, kudi, kashe kudi, saka jari.
Dama: Lauya, alƙali, juri, kotu, shari'a, shaida, mai laifi, laifi, laifi, ofishi, hukunci, ganganci, zargi, hukunci.
Fasaha: Waya, kayan aiki, software, kwamfuta, na'ura, tsarin aiki, microchip, yanar gizo, dandamali, ƙira, android, matasan, intanet, ƙwayoyin cuta, sarrafa kwamfuta. Robot, hankali na wucin gadi