A cikin bambancin dabbobin, akwai nau'ikan da yawa da ke da hanyoyin rayuwa daban-daban, juyin halitta iri daya ya sanya kowane daya daga cikinsu ya dace da yanayin da yake zaune, dabbobin teku misali, suna da rayuwa daban da dabbobi.
Hanyar ciyarwa, haifuwa har ma da numfashi wasu dalilai ne da ke tabbatar da juyin halittar dabba. Gill respiration, alal misali, wani abu ne na jimla mahimmancin ci gaban kifi da sauran dabbobin da ke cikin ruwa, saboda wannan, muna so mu baku dukkan bayanan da kuke buƙata kuma ku cancanci sani game da tsarin numfashi na kifi da sauran dabbobin ruwa waɗanda ke numfasawa ta rafin su.
Menene gill?
Gabobi ne na waje wanda ke bawa kifi da wasu dabbobin ruwa damar aiwatar da aikinsu sha iska daga ruwa. Mun fahimci cewa sinadaran ruwa H2O ne, sabili da haka, gill din yana da ikon cirewa O2 na ruwa kuma ta haka ne za a kai shi ga sauran gabobin jikin dabbar don ta fitar da shi kamar CO2 a tsakiya.
Dabbobin da ke da wannan gaɓa a jikinsu suna iya isar da iskar oxygen da take sha ga sauran gabobin jiki don guje wa duk wani maye. Ana yin numfashi na salula ta hanyar numfashi na gill na dabba da mitochondria, wanda shine kwayar salula.
Halayen gill
- Ba kamar huhu ba, gill ɗin gabobi ne na waje.
- Sun dace da motsi na yau da kullun da dabba ke haɓaka a cikin ruwa.
- Suna da nau'i biyu, daya kwatankwacin na shafi wanda ke hade da dabba, ana samun irin wannan gill din a mollusks, larvae, salamanders da newts.
- Wani nau'inta shine wanda aka saba gani a cikin kifi, wanda aka tsara shi a cikin tsarin pharynx na dabba.
- Suna da alaƙa da tsarin jijiyoyin dabbobi.
Nau'in gill
Godiya ga juyin halittar jinsuna, zamu iya samun dabbobin ruwa masu kwazazzabai iri biyu: na ciki dana waje. Dangane da bukatun kowane nau'in halittun ruwa, kakanninsu suka haɓaka takamaiman gill.
Misali, mollusks da sababbi suna da gill kama da shafi wanda aka samo daga waje don yin dabarun oxygenation na dabbobi aiki mafi sauƙi don ƙarfin numfashin ku. Aikin kariya daga wadannan gill din ya ta'allaka ne akan iya sanya aikin oxygenation ya zama mafi sauki ga kwayoyin halittar dabbar.
A gefe guda, gills na ciki shine muke gani sau da yawa a cikin sharks ko wasu nau'ikan ƙananan kifi. Waɗannan gill din suna haɗe da jiki a waje don kada kifin ba shi da wata matsala ta motsawa ta cikin ruwa kuma a biyun ba shi da matsalar shaƙar iska.
Gills na waje
Wannan nau'in gill din an hada shi da manyan zane-zane masu siffa wadanda ke wajen dabba.
Dangane da ka'idojin juyin halitta daban-daban, gulbin waje sune mafi dadewa a cikin duniyar teku.
La gill na waje Zai iya sanya rayuwar dabbar cikin haɗari tunda hakan ya sa ya zama mai bayyane ga mai farautar, akwai kuma yiwuwar da dabbar za ta ji rauni tunda sun kamu da taɓa duk wuraren da yake tafiya.
Dabbobin da ba su dace ba sune waɗanda ke da irin wannan gill ɗin; An kuma tabbatar da cewa wadannan sifofin amfrayo suna bacewa a cikin kwayar halittar, sabanin gill din ciki wadanda suka rage a jikin dabba har zuwa lokacin da ta samu canjin yanayin rayuwa ko kuma yadda take.
Gills na ciki
A nasa bangaren, gills na ciki shine muke yawan gani a cikin yawancin dabbobin ruwa kamar su kifi da shark. Dangane da ka'idojin juyin halitta, wannan nau'in gill shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin juyin halitta.
Tsawon shekaru miliyoyin dabbobi, dabbobin ruwa suna da kwazazzabon waje, sun kasance a cikin su sun fi kowa.
Bayan jinsin ya banbanta, ana aiwatar da gill din cikin cikin kwayoyin kowace dabba; duk godiya ga abinci mai gina jiki da bukatun rayuwa da dabbar ta samu.
Este tsarin numfashi ya fi rikitarwa nesa ba kusa ba kamar ta gill na waje, tunda tana can kasa da pharynx na kifin.
Kowane rami yana layuka da jijiyoyin jini, saboda haka, iskar oxygen da ke shiga ta gill din na iya yin tafiya ta cikin dukkanin hanyoyin jini na dabba, suna shayar da sauran gabobin da suka hada ta.
Vertebrates sune wadanda ke da irin wannan gill din, wanda duk da kasancewarsa hadadden tsarin numfashi, tunda shine yake baiwa dabba damar motsawa ta cikin ruwa mafi karfin kuzari.
Menene numfashi na reshe kuma yaya yake aiki?
Numfashin Gill ya ƙunshi musayar iskar gas da iskar oxygen da ke faruwa ta cikin gill.
Kamar dai yadda mutum yake shakar iska da iska, kasancewar ta mallaki gills suna buƙatar shan ruwan teku, teku, kogi, tafki da sauran yanayin yanayin ruwa don iya amfani da iskar oxygen da ke samar da ruwa kuma ta haka ne za a iya kiyaye gabobinsa na ciki da jinsinsu.
Gilashin gill ko gill suna kan kan dabbar, a bayanta.
Don aikin numfashi na gill ya cika, ya zama dole ga dabban ruwa ya sha iskar oxygen daga ruwa, akwai hanyoyi da yawa da za a yi, ko dai ta bakin ruwan da ke kewaye da shi ko kuma da taimakon wata gabar da ake kira operculum.
Iskar oxygen da dabbar take sha tana aikawa zuwa jinin dabbar ko kuma, idan ba haka ba, zuwa wani ruwa wanda yake yin aikin daidai da jinin da ake kira hemolymph. Da zarar oxygen yayi wannan tafiya, gas din yana yin numfashi na salula godiya ga mitochondria.
Da zarar oxygen ya gama aikinsa a jikin jikin dabba, sai a fitar dashi a matsayin carbon dioxide a cikin ruwa. Wajibi ne a cire wannan gas daga jikin dabba don kaucewa guba.
Dabbobin da ke shan iska
- Kwaɗi
- Pulpo
- Clam
- Tiburón
- Pulpo
- Stingray
- Kurege na teku
- Tanti
- Tsutsa
- Sabbin
Dole ne 'yan Adam su kula da jinsunan ruwa, kowanne yana da dalilin kasancewarsa da wanzuwar shi; Idan babu bambance-bambance a cikin dabbobin duniya, irin tsarin juyin halittar mutum zai iya shafar.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa dole ne mu lura da sharar da ake jefawa a cikin teku, mu daina yin wannan nau'in rashin kula, yana tabbatar da cewa rayuwar nau'ikan halittun ruwa daban-daban suna ɗorewa a kan lokaci.