'Yan Adam, tare da shudewar shekaru kuma, daga baya, na ƙarnika, dole ne ya bi ta sanannun zamani wanda ke nuna alama a mizanin hanyar su ta ganin abubuwa. Daga babbar daular Misira, Babilawa, Helenawa, Romawa, Alexander the Great, da sauransu, dauloli da yawa da manyan ƙasashen duniya sun nuna ta wannan duniyarmu da ke kafa mizani da za mu bi a lokacin da yake mulki.
A wannan lokacin, kuma ya dogara da kowace gwamnati, fasaha da gine-gine sun rikice, kuma a yau a lokuta da yawa mun shiga cikin ayyukanmu na halaye na waɗancan lokutan.
Yammacin Turai shine wanda ya kafa tushe da jagororin sabon motsi wanda har yanzu, fiye da shekaru ɗari shida daga baya, yana ci gaba da ba mutane magana. Muna komawa, ba shakka, zuwa sake haihuwa.
A lokacin wannan motsi, abubuwa da yawa na rayuwar zamani waɗanda muka sani a yau sun juya, galibi zane-zane. Lokaci ne na sauyawa tsakanin Zamanin Tsakiya da Zamanin da aka sani don ƙaruwar ilimi a cikin rassa daban-daban, kuma shi ne wanda ya aza harsashin fahimtar kimiyya a matsayin reshe kuma a matsayin gaskiya, wanda aka zagi a lokacin Tsararru. A cikin wannan sakon zamu san ainihin halayen sake farkawa.
Bari mu san kalmar "Renaissance"
Wannan kalmar an ƙirƙira ta da'awar wasu abubuwa na al'adun Greco-Roman na gargajiya, kuma an yi amfani da ita azaman komawa ga dabi'un al'adun Greco-Roman da tunanin al'adu da rayuwa ta hanya mafi 'yanci fiye da yadda ake yin abubuwa an girka a cikin ƙarnin da suka gabata na Zamanin Zamani, wanda ya kasance mai tsananin tsana da tsauri tare da masu zaginsa.
A wannan matakin da aka sani da sake sani, hanyar ganin ɗan adam ta canza kuma an sami ci gaba sosai a fannonin zane-zane, falsafa, ilmin sunadarai, kimiyyar lissafi, lissafi, gine-gine da kuma aikin gwaninta.
Ta wannan hanyar ne, za a iya maye gurbin tauhidin da ya yi sarauta a Tsakiyar Zamani da anthropocentrism, wanda ya fi sha'awar sanin yanayin ɗan adam.
Halaye na Renaissance an yi karatunsu da yawa kuma an kimanta su, kuma an cimma matsaya kan cewa daya daga cikin mafi girman halayen wannan lokaci shine fasahar ta, wacce a yau muka sani da fasahar Renaissance. Ita ce wacce ta zo ta maye gurbin zane-zane na da, wanda ake ɗaukarsa baƙi ne, kuma daga baya aka san shi da fasahar Gothic. Wannan motsi a cikin fasaha shine wanda ya saita sautin don ci gaba tare da sauran rassan da suka hada da mutane, sannan kuma yayi aiki don ba da karfi ga rassan kimiyya.
Bari muyi magana game da tarihin sake haihuwa
Zamanin Renaissance shine farkon zamani, lokacin da galibi ake kafa shi tsakanin lokacin da aka gano Amurka a 1492 da Juyin Juya Halin Faransa a 1789, kuma, a fannin al'adu, ya kasu zuwa Renaissance da da Baroque; kuma tana da rarrabuwa kamar Mannerism, Rococo da Neoclassicism.
da Tarihin Tarihi na Renaissance za'a iya gano shi ga faduwar zamanin da Hakan ya faru ne a cikin karni na XNUMX duk saboda dalilai daban-daban, kamar faduwar daular Rumawa Mai Tsarki, raunana cocin Katolika saboda girgizar ƙasa da ƙungiyoyin bidi'a da suka haifar da Gyara Furotesta.
Matakan sake haihuwa
Matakai daban-daban na tarihi sun nuna ci gaban Renaissance. Na farko daga cikin waɗannan ya faru a lokacin karni na XNUMX: wanda ake kira quattrocenter, kuma ya haɗa da farkon Renaissance, wanda kuma aka san shi a matsayin Low Renaissance, wanda ke faruwa a Italiya.
Mataki na biyu ya taso ne a cikin karni na sha shida kuma an san shi da Cinquecento: Yankin aikinsa na fasaha ana magana ne game da yanayin gargajiya wanda kuma aka sani da babban Renaissance. A lokacin wannan matakin, manyan mutane kamar su Miguel Ángel, Rafael, Da Vinci sun fito fili, da sauransu. Wannan lokaci ne na Renaissance heyday.
Quungiyar ta tsakiya ta kasance a tsakiyar Florence da Tuscany. Sauƙi da tsari da kayan ado na tsabta shine ainihin fasalin ginin wannan lokacin. Modelswararrun samfuran gargajiya suna yin aikin salo kuma suna dacewa da haikalin Kirista na lokacin.
Cinquecento yana da cibiyarsa a Rome. A tsakiyar 1500s Donato Bramanate ya gama sanannen aikinsa na Basilica na Saint Peter, wanda zai zama ginin da zai saita yanayin a ƙarni na XNUMX. A lokacin wannan matakin, gine-gine sun fi dacewa abin tarihi da girma. An kawata fadojin da kayan kwalliyar kwalliya ko zane-zane marasa 'yanci.
Babban fasali
Abubuwan halaye na Renaissance suna da yawa kuma an sansu a duniya, tunda har yanzu muna gani da amfani dasu koda yanzu, duk da cewa sama da shekaru ɗari shida sun shude, har yanzu muna ci gaba da sha'awar fasahar Renaissance kuma muna jin daɗin ilimin falsafa da aka samu a lokacin . Mafi mahimmancin halaye na Renaissance sune:
Adamtaka:
Wannan halayyar ana iya bayyana ta azaman girmamawa da aka ba rayuwa a wannan duniyar, bayan rayuwar ruhaniya wanda shine abin da ya kasance a lokacin Zamanin Zamani.
'Yan Adam na Renaissance sun yi sha'awar abin da ake nufi da mutum, cikin mutuncinsa da kuma damar rayuwa a wannan duniyar. Yayin sake haihuwa wakiltar babban canji, kamar yadda ya shude daga rayuwar tunani wanda ya kasance a Tsakiyar Zamani zuwa rayuwa mai aiki. Ta wannan hanyar, an ba da babbar gudummawa ga karatun ɗan adam.
Godiya game da kyawawan halaye:
Ofaya daga cikin mahimman halayen Renaissance shine sabon godiya da aka bayar don kyan gani da fasaha. A gare su, ayyukan fasaha na tsohuwar Girka da Rome suna da ƙimar daraja da al'adu fiye da waɗanda aka samu a lokacin Tsararru.
Wannan shine dalilin da yasa a lokacin gani wani sassaka da aka yi a zamanin Renaissance, yayi kama da kamannin gumakan Girka. A waɗannan lokutan, kayan kwalliya sun zama masu mahimmanci, kuma mata suma sun fara sanya tufafi ta hanyoyin da suka dace, ya bambanta da hanya mai sauƙi ta suttura wacce ta yi nasara a Zamanin Zamani.
Muhimmancin kimiyya da hankali:
A wannan lokacin an kare ra'ayin cewa akwai cikakken bayanin kimiyya game da duk wani abin da ke faruwa, kuma an yi watsi da bayanin da cocin Katolika ke bayarwa ko kuma wadanda ba bayanin kimiyya ba ne. A wannan lokacin ne aka sami babban ci gaba a fannin kimiyya kuma aka fara gwaje-gwajen kimiyya..
Kiɗa:
Kiɗa ya shahara sosai a lokacin Renaissance. Kodayake a cikin Low Renaissance anyi amfani dashi azaman wani ɓangare na Masanan Katolika, an ɗan jima kadan ana amfani dashi a addinan Furotesta kuma ana iya ganin trouban baranda a tituna. Wannan ya haifar da gudanar da karatu iri daban-daban don tantance illar kiɗa a kan azanci, kuma ta wannan hanyar an sami babban ci gaba a wannan yanki.
Litattafai:
Kyakkyawan ɓangare na halaye na Renaissance ya faru a cikin abin da muka sani a matsayin adabi. Marubutan Renaissance kamar su Petarca da Giovanni Boccaccio sun sake duban Girka da Rome, inda suka dawo da yarensu da dabi'unsu na gargajiya.