Manyan nau'ikan jagoranci

Mun fi samun guda biyar iri jagoranci wanda yake da mahimmanci a sani, tunda kowane ɗayansu yana da wasu abubuwa, don su sami fa'ida ko kuma rashin amfani gwargwadon amfani ko kuma manufar da muke da ita yayin aiwatar da aiki. A dalilin haka zamu yi nazari mahimmancin jagoranci kuma zamuyi nazarin wadanda suka kunshi, daga hangen nesa gaba daya, halaye da ke halaye mutane dangane da irin shugabancin da suke yi.

Mahimmancin jagoranci a cikin zamantakewar yau

Babu wata shakka cewa jagoranci yana da mahimmanci a yau, kuma muna rayuwa a cikin jama'a masu gasa sosai wanda mafi karancin rikicewa zai iya zama babbar lahani ga sauran mutane har ma da kanmu. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa kamfanoni da ƙungiyoyi na kowane nau'i koyaushe suke cikin tunanin neman mutanen da ke ba da tabbaci bayanan martaba da suka shafi shugabanci, don haka cimma kyakkyawan sakamako yayin aiwatar da kowane irin tsari kuma tabbas dangane da yadda ake gudanar da ƙungiyar aiki.

A zahiri, a cikin manyan kamfanoni abu ne gama gari samu shugabannin da yawa tare da bayanan martaba daban-daban, kuma shine cewa wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama masu tasiri a wasu fannoni, tare da su, kamfanin koyaushe zai jagoranci halayen bisa ga waɗannan halayen da bukatun kowane rukuni.

Ya kamata a san cewa babu ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan jagoranci da za a iya ɗauka da fifiko a kan sauran, amma muna magana ne kan hanyoyi daban-daban na cimma manufa ɗaya, amma tare da abubuwan daban-daban don su ba da damar daidaitawa mafi kyau dangane da yankin da yake da nufin shugabanci. Koyaya, akwai bayani dalla-dalla wanda zamu iya bambance tsakanin su wanda kuma zai iya zama halayyar kowane ɗayan, don mu iya fahimtar manyan nau'ikan jagoranci guda biyu waɗanda zasu kasance madaidaici ko tabbataccen jagoranci da kuskure ko akasi, ma'ana, wadanda suke haifar da amfani ko cutarwa ga kungiyar.

Game da jagoranci mai kyau, zamu sami waɗanda ke ba da damar haɓaka aiki, tare da haɓaka fa'idodi, inganta sakamakon kuma duk wannan yana tabbatar da cewa kowane memban da ke halartar ya sami wadataccen walwala kuma yana jin kamar wani ɓangare ne na ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya. .

A gefe guda, muna da shugabanci marasa kyau, waɗanda sune waɗanda ke cutar da ƙungiyar, haifar da ƙarfi da raguwa girman kai da farin cikin mambobin kungiyar, don haka zamuyi magana game da shugabanci wanda ke da niyya kawai don samun kyakkyawan sakamako amma ta kowane hali, saboda haka sau da yawa yakan kawo karshen raguwar aiki sosai kuma harma da mambobin kungiyar da yawa an tilasta su barin aikin saboda basa iya ci gaba da hakan irin matsi.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa shugaba na da ikon yanke hukunci, don haka za a yi la’akari da cewa yana cikin damar da ya dace game da sauran mambobin kungiyar, amma kuma gaskiya ne cewa yana da wani babban nauyi akan kafadarsa, tunda duk wani kuskure a cikin yanke shawara na iya lalata aikin da zai iya haɗa da babban saka hannun jari ko ma lokaci mai yawa na aiki, kuma idan kuskuren ya faru ne daga ƙungiyar kanta, to su ma za su ɗauki alhaki, don su dole ne su fuskanci waɗannan nauyin kuma su tashi tsaye don kare ƙungiyar ko kuma fuskantar sakamakon da ka iya haifar da waɗannan kuskuren.

Mafi mahimmancin nau'ikan jagoranci

Amma kamar yadda muka fada, a kowane yanayi zamu bukaci wani nau'in shugaba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa zamu gabatar muku da manyan nau'ikan jagoranci, wanda ke bayyana mutane tare da bayanan martaba daban-daban, ma'ana, waɗannan samfuran suna dogara ne ta wata hanya kan abubuwan da kowane mutum yake da shi, don haka yana da wahala mutum ya wuce daga wani nau'in shugabanci zuwa wani na son ransu, amma mu iya Cewa kowane ɗayan an haife shi don jagoranci ta wata hanyar daban, don haka ya dace da kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan kuma, kodayake yana iya gabatar da halaye da aka haɗa a cikin wasu daban-daban, gabaɗaya ba zai yi aiki da kyau ba ta canza fasalin.

Shugabancin mulkin kai

Nau'in shugabanci ne wanda ya ginu akan shi babban jagora shine mai kula da yanke kowane hukunci, ban da kasancewarsa wanda zai tsara kowane bangare da ya shafi aikin kungiyar.

Idan aka yi la’akari da irin wannan jagoranci, kungiyar aikin kawai zata iya yin biyayya ga jagororin da jagora ya gindaya, ta yadda ba za su iya ba da gudummawar komai ba daga bangaren su face aiwatar da aikin da aka damka musu.

Wannan jagoranci na mulkin kai na iya yin tasiri kwarai da gaske yayin da muke fuskantar wani nau'in aiki wanda dole ne mu yanke shawara da yawa kuma cikin sauri, wanda gabaɗaya zai zama mai wahala, kuma kuskure na iya ɓata dukkan aikin har ma a ɗauka wasu mahimman abubuwa asara.

A nasa bangaren, jagora dole ne ya kasance yana kula da ma'aikata koyaushe, wanda gabaɗaya yana haɓaka yawan aiki sosai, amma kuma yana da wasu fannoni mara kyau kamar gaskiyar cewa ma'aikaci ba zai iya ba da gudummawar ra'ayinsa dangane da aikin ba, wanda ke haifar masa da rasa himma har ma yana jin cewa ba shi da kima a cikin ƙungiyar.

Yawancin lokaci, bayan lokaci, waɗannan mutane suna ƙarancin jin cewa basu dace ba, suna jin cewa kamfanin baya buƙata da yaba musu, wanda hakan ke haifar da koma baya ga aikin har ma da watsi da kamfanin da kanta.

A takaice, za mu fuskanci wani nau'in shugabanci wanda zai iya aiki a cikin takamaiman lokuta, amma ana ba da shawarar koyaushe ya haɗu da wasu nau'ikan jagoranci daban-daban don kauce wa wannan ƙarancin ya ƙare har ya shafi ma'aikata da ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya.

Shugabancin wakilci

Labari ne game da wanda aka sani shugabancin laissez-faire, wanda shine nau'in ba jagoranci mai karfi a cikin kungiyar ba, kasancewa kuma halaye ne na rashin nuna ikon mulki kwata-kwata. Ainihi nau'in jagoranci ne da ake amfani dashi tare da ma'aikata waɗanda suke da ƙwarewa da ƙwarin gwiwa, don haka buƙatar kulawa ta ragu sosai ta hanyar yanke shawara daidai kuma musamman ta hanyar samarda mai amfani ba tare da buƙatar shugaban ya kasance a saman kowane lokaci ba .

Asali za su iya cika ayyukan da aka ba su ba tare da buƙatar sa ido a kai a kai ba, don a sami babban 'yanci idan ya zo haɓaka ƙirar kirkirar mahalarta, ban da cewa suna jin an haɗa su sosai a cikin aikin tunda yana da jin cewa ainihin ɓangare na su, wanda ke nufin hakan suna ƙoƙari sosai don yanke shawara mai kyau don kyakkyawan sakamako.

Tabbas, yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙungiya ce ta ƙwarewa kuma sama da duk abin da yake da sha'awa yayin jin haɗuwa da kamfanin, tunda a ƙa'idar ƙa'ida yana da matukar wahala ƙirƙirar rukuni na wannan yanayin, saboda a ƙa'ida Gabaɗaya, ma'aikata ba su da waɗannan halaye, don haka ya zama dole shugaba ya kafa ayyukan kuma ya nuna wa'adin lokacin don kauce musu su huta a kan larurorinsu.

Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa muke magana game da kyakkyawan shugabanci, amma idan muka aiwatar da shi tare da ƙwararrun rukuni waɗanda aka shirya mata, tare da isasshen ƙarfin da za mu iya gudanar da shi yadda ya kamata; kasancewar tawaga tana da kyakkyawar niyya bai isa ayi amfani da jagoranci na wakilai ba, tunda tana bukatar saduwa da dukkan bangarorin da muka nuna masu don gaske ya zama dabara mai inganci.

Shugabancin dimokiradiyya

Shugabancin dimokiradiyya wani nau'in jagoranci ne inda duka teamungiyar suna shiga cikin yanke shawara, ta yadda shugaba zai kasance mai kula da inganta kyakkyawar dangantaka da tattaunawa da sadarwa a tsakanin ma’aikata, kuma a kowane lokaci zai yi la’akari da ra’ayoyin kungiyar, kodayake a bayyane yake zai kasance da alhakin yanke hukunci na karshe.

Shugabanci ne mai matukar daidaituwa, tunda ma'aikata na cikin dukkan matakan yanke shawaraDon haka, suna jin cewa suna da mahimmin ɓangare na kamfanin, wanda ke haɓaka sadaukarwa da godiya game da shi, tare da sarrafawa don ba da na kansu godiya ga gaskiyar cewa suna ƙoƙari sosai don cimma sakamako mafi kyau don fa'idantar da kasuwancin.

Ofaya daga cikin mahimman fa'idodi shi ne cewa yana buɗe ƙofar ƙirƙirawa, tunda samun gudummawa daban-daban da kuma ba kowa damar yin shawarar yarda da juna (koyaushe babban shugaban ya karɓa ko ƙi shi), yana taimaka wa sababbin ra'ayoyi su fito waɗanda zasu iya da fa'ida sosai.

Koyaya, hakanan yana da wasu fa'idodi, kamar gaskiyar cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin lokaci don kammala ayyukan, tunda yana buƙatar tattaunawa, ban da gaskiyar cewa rashin jituwa sau da yawa yakan bayyana don, a tsawon lokaci, ƙungiyoyi na iya samun wani yanayi na rarrabuwa zuwa kashi biyu ko fiye.

Hakanan wannan na iya haifar da ƙiyayya da matsayin da aka samu tsakanin mutane biyu ko sama da haka, wanda a bayyane a ƙarshe zai cutar da aikin da ƙarfin aiki da kwarin gwiwa da aka samu ta hanyar wannan tsarin.

A dalilin haka, a nan shugaba zai kasance yana da babban nauyi, wanda zai kasance yana da karfin da ya dace don kiyaye hadin kai a tsakanin kungiyar, tabbatar da hadin kai a tsakanin kowa da kuma kara himma don kowa ya san cewa ana la’akari da ra’ayinsa kuma a can kada ya zama rigima tsakanin kungiyar.

Idan ba haka ba, shugabancin dimokiradiyya na iya zama cikin babbar gazawa.

Jagorar ma'amala

Wannan jagoranci mai da hankali ne kawai don cimma burin da aka riga aka hango, don haka ana ba da kyaututtuka ga ma'aikata don musanya su. Asali, dole ne ma'aikaci ya san tun farko meye burin da zai cimma kuma menene ladan da zai samu, wani abu da zai bashi damar tsara kansa ta yadda yake so, amma sama da komai koyaushe yana tuna da makasudin karshe, wanda shine cimma abin da aka gindaya, shin kammala wani aiki ne ko ma cikar wasu bangarorinsa.

Irin wannan shugabancin shima yana da rashin amfani, tunda ma'aikacin zai fi mai da hankali kan fa'idodi da lada fiye da aikin shi kansa, ma'ana, komai yana tafiya anan dan cimma burin, don haka ƙimar ta ragu sosai. aikin bazai ma kai ga tasirin da aka ɗauka da farko ba.

Koyaya, wannan nau'in jagoranci yana taimakawa ƙirƙirar mafi fahimta tsakanin ƙungiyar aiki, Tunda duk suna da kyakkyawar manufa na samun kyautar da aka samu ta hanyar isa ga hadafin da aka gindaya, wanda galibi akwai mafi sauri, aiki mai saurin gaske da kuma karfin aiki don yarda tunda kowa yana da fa'ida ta wannan hanyar.

Jagoran canji

Kuma a ƙarshe muna da jagoranci na canji, wanda a ciki shugabanni suna kafa cikakkiyar sadarwa kuma suna shiga cikin aikin tare da nufin watsawa ga ma'aikata hanyar su ta ganin yadda aikin zai kasance.

Wannan jagoranci yana kara yawan aiki da ingancin aiki, akasari saboda kungiyar zata kasance mai jagorantar kungiyar. Hakanan yana ƙara hangen nesa kuma jagora ne kawai ke da maƙasudin ƙarfafa ƙungiyar, tun da yana ɗaya daga cikin ta ta hanyar haɗin kai, samar da mafi girman yarda da girmamawa, ban da gaskiyar cewa ma'aikata na koyan abubuwa da yawa daga shugaba wanda har ila yau ya kafa masa sha'awa.

Game da rashin fa'ida, gaskiyar ita ce ba za mu iya gabatar da duk wanda ke da halayyar irin wannan shugabanci ba, sai dai don a bayyane ya kamata a nan shugaba ya gabatar da kyawawan halaye kuma tabbas kuma ya mamaye fagen da yake. Daidaita aikin, ta yadda ma'aikata za su iya daukar darasi yadda ya kamata.

Wani bangare mai mahimmanci shi ne cewa halayyar jagora dole ne ta kasance mai motsa gwiwa kuma ta sami amincewa da sha'awar ƙungiyar, tunda in ba haka ba za mu sami kanmu a cikin yanayin abin da abin da zai yi zai zama ya rasa dacewa har ma da girmamawa ko kimantawa a cikin rukuni, ba tare da dawo da samun fa'idodi waɗanda za su iya tasiri ga yin amfani da wannan nau'in tsarin ba.