Duk mutane sun ɗanɗana annabce-annabce masu cika kansu a rayuwarsu, kawai a cikin mafi yawan lamura, ba su ankara ba ko kuma ba su san ainihin abin da ya faru ba. Misali, kaga cewa kayi hira da aiki, kuma zaka iya hango cewa zaka samu mukamin ne sakamakon cikakkiyar kwarin gwiwar da kake da ita a kanka. Godiya ga wannan, kuna yin hirar sosai kuma kuna karɓar matsayin.
Amma wannan halin da ake ciki ana iya juyawa: zaku iya hango cewa ba zai muku kyau ba saboda rashin karfin gwiwa, kuyi hira sosai kuma sun tafi tare da ku don aikin.
Hakanan yana iya faruwa cewa wata rana baka ji daɗin fita ba kuma kana tunanin wani mummunan abu zai faru idan kayi hakan, kuma hakan yana faruwa, a ƙarshe kuna da mummunan lokaci kuma kawai kuna son komawa gida ku huta ni kaɗai . Waɗannan 'tsinkayen' ba yana nufin cewa kuna da ikon rarrabewa ba, nesa da shi, kawai suna cika annabce-annabce ne, amma… menene ainihin su kuma me yasa suke faruwa?
Menene annabcin cika kai
Wani annabci mai cika kai shine tsinkayen ƙarya game da yanayin da a bayyane yake canza halin mutum da ɗabi'arsa wanda ke haifar da wannan 'hasashen' ya zama gaskiya. Lokacin tunanin sakamako, ana tsara halayen ayyukan don isa ga ainihin sakamakon, kodayake ba lallai ne ya zama lamarin ba.
Kalmar "annabcin cika kai da kai" an kirkireta ne daga masanin halayyar dan adam Robert K. Merton a shekarar 1948. Saboda haka, wani annabci mai cika kansa yana nufin imani ko fata da mutum yake da shi game da wani abu na gaba wanda zai bayyana saboda mutum ya rike shi (Mai kyau Far, 2015). Misali, idan gobe da safe ba tare da wani dalili ba sai ka wayi gari da tunanin cewa ranarka za ta kasance mai ban tsoro, tabbas zai iya zama haka. Cikin rashin sani zakuyi hali ta hanyar da zata tabbatar da imanin ku, zakuyi watsi da tabbataccen abinda ya same ku kuma zaku fadada dukkan munanan abubuwa ... zaku kasance da halaye da ba zasu baku damar samun rana mai dadi ba.
Tasirin imaninmu
A halin yanzu, masana halayyar dan adam sun sami kwararan hujjoji game da tasirin da ke tattare da imaninmu da tsammaninmu tare da sakamakon da muka samu, musamman ma lokacin da muke da yakinin cewa tsinkayenmu zai bayyana, koda kuwa ba lallai ba ne a sane cewa wannan tsammanin yana kiyaye kuma kiyaye shi yanayin yanayin ayyukanmu.
Misali mafi fahimta na annabci mai cika kansa a cikin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam shine abin da aka sani da tasirin wuribo. Wannan tasirin yana nufin ingantawa a sakamakon da aka auna ko da kuwa mahalarta ba su sami magani mai mahimmanci ba, wanda ya haifar da imanin mahalarta game da tasirin 'maganin' da suka samu.
An gano wannan tasirin ne yayin gwajin gwaji na jiyya, kuma yana iya zama da karfi sosai cewa an kafa sabbin matakai don bayyana tasirin sa akan binciken gwaji. Gwaje-gwajen kan tasirin wuribo ya nuna cewa imanin mutum yana da cikakken iko akan sakamakon da ya samu.
Manufar annabcin cika kai yana da alaƙa da tunani mai kyau da mara kyau da ƙarfin tunanin mutum. Yana aiki ne bisa ga sauƙin imani: hanyar da muke tunani yana tasiri halayenmu da ayyukanmu (gwargwadon abin da muke tunani) wanda ƙarshe ya shafi ayyukanmu. A cikin sauƙaƙan lafazi, wannan ka'idar tana aiki ne akan imanin cewa nau'ikan tunanin da muke ciyarwa cikin zukatanmu (mara kyau ko tabbatacce) zasu rinjayi mu aiwatar da hakan ta hanyar tasiri ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarcenmu da halayenmu kuma ƙarshe sanya tsinkayen ya zama gaskiya.
Misalan sanannun annabce-annabce masu cika kansu
Tarihin hadadden Oedipus
Menene labarin hadadden Oedipus ya shafi annabcin cika kai? Fiye da tunanin ku. A cikin wannan sanannen labarin Girka, an gargaɗi mahaifin Oedipus, Laius cewa wata rana ɗansa zai kashe shi. Don hana hakan faruwa, ta yi watsi da danta ta barshi ya mutu. Amma wasu ma'aurata sun same shi kuma sun ɗauke shi kuma yana tsammanin iyayen sa ne na ainihi. Wata rana, Oedipus shima yana shan wahala game da gargaɗi: zai kashe mahaifinsa kuma ya auri uwarsa.
Oedipus, yana tunanin cewa iyayen rikon nasa sune na ainihi kuma baya son wannan bala'in ya faru, ya bar gidansa da iyayen rikon nasa ya tafi birni. A can, ya haɗu da mutum kuma ya ƙare da faɗa da shi. Oedipus ya kashe wannan baƙon mutumin kuma, saboda yanayi, ya auri bazawara, wacce a zahiri mahaifiyarsa ce. Lokacin da mahaifiyar ta gano cewa ɗanta ne, sai ya kashe kansa kuma Oedipus ya kawar da idanunsa daga duk abin da ya faru kuma ya ƙare yana yawo a titunan Girka.
Laius da Oedipus duka sun tabbata cewa annabcin zai bayyana, suna mai da shi annabcin cika kansa.
Harry Potter da Star Wars
Wannan ra'ayi an saka shi azaman asalin ra'ayi a cikin fina-finai da yawa. Shahararrun misalai sune Lord Voldemort daga jerin Harry Potter da Darth Vader daga jerin Star Wars. A wannan lokacin, idan kun san fina-finan biyu, kuna iya fara haɗuwa da dalilin da yasa muke yin tsokaci akan wannan.
Dukansu an gaya musu cewa za a ci su kuma don kauce wa wannan sun ƙuduri aniyar hallaka mutanen da abin ya shafa. Koyaya, kokarinsa ne na halakar da mutane shine ya haifar da yanayin da jarumar ta fito kuma ta kayar dasu, wanda hakan ya sa annabcin ya zama gaskiya.
Saboda haka annabcin cika kansa shine ƙarfin ƙarfin tunaninmu da ayyukanmu. Ya zama dole mu sani don mu iya amfani da shi ta hanyar da muke so kuma maimakon mayar da hankali kan mummunan yanayin rayuwar mu, zai fi kyau mu mai da hankali ga abubuwa masu kyau da kuma sanin halin ko-in-kula don nuna su. Ta wannan hanyar kuma kusan ba tare da ka sani ba, zaka iya jin daɗin cikakkiyar rayuwa da hankali.