Adadin jiki duk waɗannan ne halaye masu iya aunawa da wadanda za'a iya kiyastawa wadanda jikkunan jiki zasu iya samu, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa nau'i biyu, mahimmin adadi wanda za'a iya samun kansa, da kuma abubuwanda suka dogara da waɗanda suka gabata.
Ilimin kimiya na zahiri ya dogara ne ga mafi yawan ɓangaren gwaje-gwajen, saboda shine kimiyyar da tunani ke buƙatar gwaje-gwajen don tabbatar da bayanin, wanda duk masu girman gaske suke bayyana, tunda suna da yawa a cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
A zahiri, girman shine duk wata kadara da wani abu, abu ko kuma jikin jiki ya mallaka wanda za'a iya auna shi kuma za'a iya auna shi, kamar taro, tsayi ko juzu'i, ta yadda zai yiwu a samu bayanan da suka dace daga garesu.
Don kyakkyawan sakamako, muna ci gaba da aunawa, wanda ya ƙunshi kwatanta girmans tare da wasu makamantan su, waɗanda galibi ana kiran su raka'a, wanda ke ba da kyakkyawan sakamako ga gwajin.
Raka'a sune adadi wadanda ake amfani dasu azaman jagora don auna wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan, kamar lokacin auna abu wanda akace yana da kilogram biyu, wanda ya ninka naúrar da aka dauka a matsayin ma'auni, wanda shine kilogram.
A wasu lokuta kafin 1960, an yi amfani da girma daban-daban a duk faɗin duniya, don haka a waccan shekarar, a taro na goma sha ɗaya na babban taro na auna nauyi da matakai a Faris, menene sunan manyan abubuwan duniya gaba ɗaya. .
Na farko, an ayyana mahimmancin adadi, tun da suna masu zaman kansu, don daga baya yanke shawara wanene zai zama abubuwan da suka samo asali, wanda ya dogara da waɗanda suka gabata da za'a lissafa ko auna su.
Yanzu tunda an gane cewa sune girma, abin da za'a auna, menene don kuma yadda ake aunawa, kuma cewa sune raka'a, ya fi sauƙi a fahimci menene mahimman abubuwa da abubuwan da aka samo zasu kasance, bi da bi yadda za a yi amfani da su.
Menene ainihin adadi?
Waɗannan su ne ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun waɗanda aka auna nauyin kaddarorin jiki, wanda idan aka haɗasu zai haifar da adadin da aka samu. Wadannan manyan abubuwa an zabi su ne ta hanyar tsarin kasa da kasa ko kuma wanda yafi saninsa da SI, wanda ya bayar da raka'a 7 wadanda suke da yawa, tsayi, zafin jiki, lokaci, karfin haske, yawan abu da kuma karfin yanzu, kowanne yana da daya daga cikin wadannan bangarorin sa na kwatanta da kuma alamarta wacce take nuna shi.
Mass
Babbar magana ce ta kwayoyin halitta, wacce ke auna adadin kwayar da kanta take dauke da ita, ta amfani da kilogram a matsayin naúrar da ke da Kg a matsayin alama, ana samun wannan ne tare da rashin kuzarinta, tunda hanzari ne yake yin ƙarfi. a kansa.
Tsawon
Ana samun wannan ta hanyar samun taƙaitaccen ra'ayi game da nisan abu, wanda shine ƙididdigar ma'auni, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar sanin nisan jikin mai lissafi, wanda bai kamata a rude shi ba, saboda tsawon koyaushe zai fi nisan ba, wannan gwargwado ne a cikin girma ɗaya kawai.
A cewar Albert Einstein, tsawon ba abu ne da aka ayyana ba, saboda duk jikin jiki abin auna ne, kuma ya danganta da mai lura, ana iya samun sakamako daban-daban.
Yanayin
Dukiya ce ta zahiri wacce ake tantance abubuwan da suke faruwa da ita, waɗanda za a iya raba su zuwa na baya, na gaba da na uku wanda ba ɗayan abubuwan da ke sama ba, wanda aka kira shi yanzu. Godiya ga wannan, ana iya ba da umarnin abubuwan da suka faru har ma da ƙayyadadden lokacin su.
Rukunin wannan girman shine na biyu wanda aka misalta shi da s, babban harafi ko gajartar sec bai kamata ayi amfani da shi ba saboda alamun da suka dace da shi shine wanda aka nuna a farko.
Zazzabi
Matsayi ne dangane da sikeli wanda aka ƙayyade ta ƙarfin cikin jikin thermodynamic, idan ana magana dashi ta zahiri, sannan kuma ana kiranta da cewa dukiyar da za'a iya auna ta ma'aunin zafi da zafi, wanda yawanci zafi ne.
Rukunin zafin da tsarin tsarin duniya wanda aka ayyana a matsayin mai mahimmanci, shine Kelvin wanda K ke misaltawa, kodayake a gwaje-gwajen kimiyya yawanci ana amfani da sassan zafin jiki da yawa, mafi shahara shine Celsius ko digiri na biyu, da Fahrenheit a Amurka.
Haske mai haske
An bayyana shi azaman adadin juzuwar haske wanda jiki ko wani abu na zahiri ya mallaka wa kowane yanki na kusurwa mai ƙarfi, ɓangarensa shine candela wanda aka wakilta ta hanyar Cd wanda tsarin ƙasashen duniya ya bayar.
Ana kiran tushen hasken haske shine wanda ke bada kuzarinsa ta kowane fanni daidai, kamar fitilu, a daya bangaren, wadanda haskensu ya banbanta ya danganta da kusurwar alkiblar da aka yi la’akari da alkiblarta ta yau da kullun, wanda ake kiransu da Lambert mai hangen nesa.
Adadin abu
An bayyana shi azaman adadin mahaɗan da ke cikin wani abu ko jiki na zahiri, gwargwadon rukunin adadin abin da aka zaɓa, zai iya shafar daidaiton daidaito, wanda ke da kwayar halitta a matsayin ɓangaren tsoho, wanda aka bayyana azaman adadin abu wanda yake da jiki na zahiri.
Amperage
Wannan ya faru ne saboda motsin caji a cikin sa, wanda galibi electron ne, wanda shi ne kwararar wutar lantarki wanda abu zai iya tafiya, wannan kuma ana kiransa flow, wanda shine adadin caji a kowane sashi na lokaci. Rakunanta amfanon da A.
Kayan aikin da wannan adadin aka auna su kuma aka auna su shine galvanometer, wanda idan aka daidaita shi a cikin amperes an san shi da ammeter.
Don waɗannan girman akwai kuma tsarin tsarin raƙuman da za'a iya amfani dasu don auna ma'auni, tsayi da lokaci, kowannensu yana da ƙungiyarsa wacce za'a nuna a ƙasa.
- Mass: saboda wannan ake amfani da gram (g)
- Tsawo: santimita (cm) ana amfani dasu don auna wannan kayan
- Lokaci: lokacin da ake auna adadin wannan girman, ana amfani da na biyu (s)
Menene adadin da aka samo?
Waɗannan sakamakon sakamakon ƙididdigar abubuwa ne masu yawa, suna ba da waɗannan maɓuɓɓuka azaman sakamako, daga cikinsu akwai da yawa, amma mafi yawan sune makamashi, ƙarfi, hanzari, yawa, ƙarfi da mita.
Don samun waɗannan girman, ya zama dole a haɗa abubuwa biyu ko sama da haka, alal misali, idan kuna son samun ƙarfi, dole ne ku ninka ƙarfin ta tsawon sannan kuma ku raba shi sau biyu a lokaci.
Waɗannan girman suma suna da ƙungiyoyinsu, waɗanda sune masu zuwa:
- :Arfi: Newton (N) ana amfani dashi
- Energia: saboda wannan ake amfani da Julio (J)
- Hanzari: ana amfani da mita akan murabba'i biyu (m / s2)
- Ƙara: ana amfani da mitik mai siffar sukari (m3)
- Yawa: A cikin wannan muna amfani da kilogram ta kowace cubic mita (kg / m3)
- Akai-akai: saboda wannan ana amfani da hertz (Hz)
Akwai da yawa daga cikin wadannan, tunda har ana iya hada abubuwa masu mahimanci fiye da biyu, wanda zai iya haifar da kaddarorin kamar ƙarar ƙugu, matsin lamba, cajin lantarki, haɓakar magnetic, haɓakawa, da sauransu.