Asashen Latin 5 waɗanda ke da ƙarin shuke-shuke cikin haɗarin halaka

Tsire-tsire suna samar da abincinsu ta hanyar tsari da ake kira photosynthesis, kamar yadda dabbobi rayayyun halittu ne kuma sune ke da alhakin shan carbon dioxide da juya shi zuwa oxygen ta hanyar chlorophyll. Suna da matukar mahimmanci ga mutane, tunda su samar da oxygen a cikin aikin numfashin su wanda yake da mahimmanci a rayuwar mutane.

A saboda wannan dalili, shuke-shuke da ke cikin haɗarin bacewa wata alama ce ta lalacewar da mutane ke yi wa duniya kuma ba kawai ta shafi kansu ba, har ma da miliyoyin rayayyun halittu da ke zaune a ciki. A ƙasa za mu nuna muku wasu ƙasashen Latin waɗanda ke da mafi yawan adadin tsire-tsire masu haɗari.

Latinasashen Latin masu tsire-tsire masu haɗari 

Ecuador

Tare da jimlar nau'ikan shuke-shuke 1848 da ke cikin hatsarin lalacewa da aka bi da su. Wannan ita ce ɗayan ƙasashe da ke da mafi yawan nau'ikan flora da fauna, wannan ya faru ne saboda kyakkyawan yanayin ɗiminta da yanayin yanayin zafi a kowane wata na shekara, wanda hakan ke haifar da matsuguni na nau'ikan halittu daban daban, amma kuma, saboda sare dazuka, yana ɗaya daga cikin kasashen duniya masu tsire-tsire masu hadari. Kamar yadda suke:

• Harkokin Heliconia (Heliconia brenner, Heliconia dark, Heliconia berryi da): nau'ikan wurare masu zafi tare da sama da ɗari ɗari 100 gabaɗaya, ana kuma san shi da tsuntsun aljanna da platanillo.
• Ferns (Filicinae, taxon, Polypodiophyta, Pterophyta da ilicopsida): masarautar tsiron parasitic wanda, ban da rashin samar da iri, kuma ana alakanta shi da manyan ganyaye masu haɗuwa, kuma baya samar da furanni.
• lauraceae (Aniba pilosa): shukar fure ce ta ƙungiyar Laureles, tare da fiye da nau'ikan 3500 da jinsi 55, na shuke-shuke da ke da mafi girman haɗarin halaka a Ecuador.
• Bishiyar Gashi (Pseudolmedia manabiensis): baya ga kasancewar suna da nau'ikan halittu guda biyu da aka sani a kasar nan, sun rigaya suna cikin hadari na bacewa, duk da cewa ba a san dalilin hakan ba, wuraren shakatawa na kasa sun alakanta shi da sare dazuka.

Brasil

Tare da jimlar nau'ikan shuke-shuke 516 da ke cikin hatsarin lalacewa da aka kula da su, wannan yana daya daga cikin kasashen da ake ganin, a matsayin mafi kore a duniya, wannan ya faru ne saboda yawancin jinsunan da ke cikin Amazon. Koyaya, binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa Brazil ta shiga ƙasashen da ke da haɗarin haɗari, kamar mahaɗar mahaifa, saboda lalacewar yanayin wurare masu zafi, tallace-tallace ba bisa ƙa'ida ba da gurɓataccen yanayi. Za a ambaci shuke-shuke masu zuwa:

• Giant Bromeliad: Kyakkyawa kuma mai girma babban tsire na dangin Bromeliad, wanda yake asalin ƙasar Brasil, yana ɗaukar sama da shekaru 10 kafin ya kai girman da ake buƙata, ya shahara sosai a cikin lambuna kuma wannan ya faru ne saboda launin ja da koren launukan ganye.
• Orchids ko orchids: tsire-tsire wanda ke da rikitarwa na furannin shi tunda yana aiki ne ta hanyar muhalli tare da fungi da ƙudan zuma masu gogewa, sha da kuma hada sinadarai don kanta. Wannan tsire-tsire ne na zalunci da aka nema don fataucin doka da sayarwa zuwa wasu ƙasashe.

Colombia

Tare da jimlar nau'ikan 245 na shuke-shuke da ke cikin hatsarin lalacewa da aka kula da su, wannan yana tattare da ciwon siga, wanda ke da dazuzzuka masu dausayi, hakanan yana da savannas, dazuzzuka, wurare masu zafi da kuma yanayin yanayi, wurare daban-daban da ke iya samun gidaje sama da 60.000 shuke-shuke a cikin kyawawan ƙasashe. Amma kamar yadda yake a kowace ƙasa ta Latin ana yin sare dazuzzuka kuma babu wayewar kai game da fure. Wasu daga cikin tsire-tsire masu haɗari sune:

• Pouteria caimito ko curumin cumin: Hakanan an san shi a cikin Brazil da Ecuador saboda fruitsa fruitsan itace masu ɗanɗano, ana jin daɗi kuma sananne a cikin Colombia saboda bawonta wanda ake amfani da shi don yin gidaje, shinge da katako. Tana da tsayin mitoci 26. Saboda yawan faduwa da yayi da gangar jikin ta, an dauke shi a matsayin jinsin dake cikin hadari.
• Kakin zuma Baya ga kasancewa bishiyar ƙasa ta wannan, ana samunsa a cikin kwari kuma yana iya auna tsayi zuwa 2.5, kuma zai iya samun sama da shekaru 90 na rayuwa, jinsi ne mai kariya a Colombia, kamar yadda ake ɗaukarsa shuke-shuke wanda zai zama lalatacce.
• Curumin cumin ko hanyar masarauta: Ana matukar nema a cikin Colombia don ƙarancin itacenta, tunda suna aiwatar da ayyuka da yawa na aikin kafinta tare da akwatinsa, wanda ke da tsayayyar ruwa da sauran abubuwan canjin yanayi. Itace babba wacce ke da diamita 50 kuma tsayi fiye da mita 25.

México

Tare da jimillar nau'ikan shuke-shuke 382 da ke cikin hatsarin bacewa da aka kula da su, ana daukar wannan kasar a matsayin daya daga cikin yankunan da ke da kyakyawan yanayin halittu, gwamnatin Mexico ta kirkiro wani aikin halittu daban-daban da ke kula da kare kariya da kula da nau'ikan 2500, tare da samar da wayewar kai koren rayuwa. Amma a daidai wannan hanyar suna fuskantar matsalar sare dazuka wacce ke haifar da shuke-shuke da ke cikin hatsarin bacewa, daga cikinsu akwai wadannan da suka yi fice:

• Mammillaria: kuma aka sani da murtsunguwa, endemic zuwa Mexico. Halin ƙayarsa da furanninta, yana da siffar duniya, wanda ake la'akari da shi cikin haɗarin halaka tunda suna cikin ƙasashe masu zafi kuma suna rasa mazauninsu.
• Lophophora diffusa ko peyote: Endemic, yana cikin rukunin cacti, tare da bambancin da suke girma ta cikin duwatsu (rupicola), ba su da spines kamar Mammillaria mathildae, akasin haka suna da taushi sosai kuma masu santsi a launi.
• Pterocereus gaumeri: Hakanan na Cactus ne, mai tsayin mita 4 zuwa 16, sun kasance a cikin siffar daji saboda suna girma cikin rukuni-rukuni, jinsi ne mai mambobi sama da 9 a jinsinsa, suna yin furanni suna bada beara fruita.
• Echinocereus lindsayi: Hali ne na kwalliyarta tunda tana iya auna fiye da wannan, suma suna samar da fruitsa fruitsan ci. Hakanan ana amfani da waɗannan azaman kayan ado don kyawawan fure, sun fito daga ƙungiyar cacti tare da fiye da sanannun nau'in 50.
• Kundin katako na Artichoke: Hakanan an san shi da peyotillo obregonito, wani nau'in halitta mai ƙarancin jini, an san shi ana amfani da shi azaman tsire-tsire na magani, hanyar da ake amfani da ita azaman maganin hangen nesa na hangen nesa, kuma wannan ya haifar da lalacewa ko'ina cikin Meziko, yana sanya shi a matsayin tsire a cikin haɗarin halaka.

Peru

Tare da jimlar 318 jinsunan tsire-tsire masu haɗariBaya ga kasancewarta ƙasa mai yanayi daban-daban, ƙasar ta Peru tana da ƙayataccen fure, tunda kowannensu ya dace da kowane yanayi. Koyaya, suma suna da jerin nau'ikan nau'ikan shuke-shuke waɗanda ake yiwa barazanar, daga cikinsu muna da:

• Mangrove: Hali ne don wanzuwarsa a sarari a cikin teku, yana jure wa matakan ruwan gishiri, yana bada 'ya'ya kuma ana samunsa a gabar tekun Peru, tare da dogayen rassa wadanda zasu iya auna sama da mita 16 don tallafawa kasan tekun.
• La Puya Raimondi ko Titanca de Raimundo: Asali daga Peru da Bolivia, wannan tsiron na iya aunawa daga 3000 zuwa 4500 mita sama da matakin teku, ya fito ne daga rukunin bromeliads kuma mafi halayyar ta musamman ita ce tsiron ya mutu lokacin da ya kai shekaru 100, kodayake wannan hujja ba ta kasance a kimiyance ba ya tabbatar.
• Kullun cat: Asali daga bakin tekun na Peru, yana daga tsirrai masu rarrafe, zasu iya yin tsayi zuwa mita 14 a tsayi kuma ana nuna shi da alamar maganinsa, tunda mutanen asalin sunce zasu iya warkar da kowace cuta da wannan tsiro mai ban al'ajabi.
• Quinine itace: Kodayake yana da iyaka ga Amazon, zamu iya samun sa a cikin dajin Peru. Yana da girma a girma amma yana rinjaye a yanayin danshi.

Shuke-shuke da mutane suna tafiya hannu da hannu, tunda suna numfashi da CO2 kuma idan suka fitar da iska suna haifar da iskar oxygen wanda ke da matukar mahimmanci ga rayuwar bil'adama, a garesu ne ya kamata a gwada shi gwargwadon iko don kare dukkan wuraren kore, tunda hakan zai Ana neman mai kyau ga duka jinsunan.