Wati wamboona here kuti pane mhando mbiri dzekunyemwerera: kunyemwerera kwechokwadi uye kunyepa? Uyu musiyano wave uchifarira kune vaongorori kwenguva yakati rebei. Muchokwadi, kunyemwerera kwechokwadi kune zita. Inodaidzwa kuti "Duchenne kunyemwerera" kwe Chiremba wechiFrench Guillaume Duchenne, uyo akadzidza fizikisi yechiso chechiso.
Kunyemwerera kweDuchenne kunosanganisira kuzvidira uye kuzvipira kusingabatiki kwemhasuru mbiri: iyo zygomaticus hombe (kusimudza makona emuromo) uye orbicularis oculi (kusimudza matama nekugadzira tsoka dzegunguo kutenderedza maziso). Kunyemwerera kwenhema kunoreva kudzvinyirira kweiyo chete zygomaticus hombe nekuti isu tisingakwanise kubvumirana neorbicularis oculi mhasuru
Mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzekunyemwerera
Masayendisiti akaona kuti aya marudzi maviri ekunyemwerera anonyatso kudzorwa nezvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana zvehuropi. Kana murwere ane motor cortex kukuvara muye kuruboshwe hemisphere yehuropi achiedza kunyemwerera, kunyemwerera kunenge kusinganzwisisike uye kurudyi kwekunyemwerera hakufambe sezvazvinofanira. Nekudaro, kana iye murwere iyeye achiseka hake, kunyemwerera kwakajairika pasina asymmetry. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyemwerera kwechokwadi kunodzorwa nechimwe chikamu cheuropi.
Ikozvino, kana murwere ane kukuvara kune anterior cingate (chikamu cheiyo limbic system) kuruboshwe hemisphere inoedza kunyemwerera, hapana asymmetry. Kunyemwerera kwakajairika. Nekudaro, kana iye murwere iyeye paanoedza kunyemwerera zvoga, asymmetry inoonekwa.
Naizvozvo, kunyemwerera kwenhema kunodzorwa necortex yemota, nepo mafambiro ane hukama nemanzwiro, senge kunyemwerera kweDuchenne, Ivo vanodzorwa neiyo limbic system (yepfungwa nzvimbo yehuropi).
Kunyemwerera kwechokwadi kunounza mafungiro akanaka
Mupfungwa iyi, kunyemwerera kweDuchenne kunyemwerera kwepanyama kwekunakidzwa, kunoitwa nekubatira zygomaticus muswe muhombe uye iyo orbicularis oculi mhasuru. Paunoona mumwe munhu achiratidza kunyemwerera kweDuchenne, iwe unowanzo kunzwa manzwiro akanaka emunhu ari kunyemwerera. Kunyemwerera kwakasarudzika, nemuromo wakasimudzwa (iyo zygomaticus hombe), matama akasimudzwa, uye zvigadziko zvemaziso zvichinamira kugadzira tsoka dzegunguo (iyo orbicularis oculi)
Duchenne's yakakosha. Kunyemwerera kwaDuchenne kwakasiyana nekunyemwerera kusiri kweDuchenne kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Kutanga, kunyemwerera kweDuchenne kunoshandisa zvese zygomaticus hombe uye orbicularis yeziso. Kunyemwerera kusiri-kwaDuchenne hakusvike pameso, asi kunogara pamiromo uye pamwe pamatama.
Chechipiri, kunyemwerera kwaDuchenne kunoonekwa sekunyemwerera kwechisikirwo kwekunakidzwa. Munguva yakapfuura, chibvumirano pakati pevaongorori ndechekuti kunyemwerera kwechokwadi kweDuchenne hakugone kuve kwekunyepedzera. Dzimwe ongororo dzichangoburwa dzinoisa izvo mubvunzo. Iye zvino vaongorori vari kushandisa yakawanda nguva kuyedza kuona kuti isu tinobatsirwa sei uye kuti tingagone sei kuburitsa kunyemwerera kweDuchenne.
Kunyemwerera kwekunakirwa
Nei kunyemwerera kwekunakidzwa kuchinge kwakasiyana nekumwe kunyemwerera? Musiyano uripo pakati pekunakidzwa nekumwe kunyemwerera kunobva mukushanda neuroanatomy. Iko kunoratidzika kunge kune maviri akasarudzika neural nzira dzinopindirana nechitarisiko chechiso; imwe nzira ndeyezviito zvekuzvidira zveuso, uye yechipiri yezviito zvekusazvipira uye zvepamoyo.
Kuzvipira kumeso kumeso kunotangira mukortical mota tambo yehuropi uye inosvika kumeso kuburikidza nepiramidhi mota system. Kufambisa kwechiso kusingade, senge iwo anobatanidzwa mukutaura kwemanzwiro, anomuka kunyanya kubva kune subcortical nuclei uye vanosvika kumeso kuburikidza neiyo extrapyramidal mota system.
Ungataura sei kuti kunyemwerera kwekunakirwa ndeyechokwadi
Sezvatakaratidza pamusoro asi zvakakosha kucherechedza, mukunyemwerera kwekunakidzwa kwechokwadi, ganda riri kumusoro uye pasi peziso rakatambanudzwa rakananga kuziso reziso, uye izvi zvinogadzira shanduko dzinotevera pakuonekwa. Matama akasimudzwa; ganda riri pasi peziso rinogona kuunganidza kana kuputika; eyelid rezasi rinokwira kumusoro. Tsoka dzegungu makwikwi anogona kuoneka mukona yekunze yesoketi yeziso; ganda pamusoro peziso rakadhonzwa zvishoma pasi uye mukati; uye tsiye dzinodzika zvishoma zvishoma.
Kunyemwerera kusinganakidze, mukupesana, kunoratidza kufamba kumwe chete kwemakona emiromo sekunyemwerera kwekunakidzwa, asi hakune shanduko nekuda kwemhasuru dzakakomberedza maziso. Icho chiri mukutarisa pamusoro pezvose, mukupenya kwemaziso, kwaunogona kunyatso kukoshesa kana munhu achinyemwerera zvechokwadi, kana kwete.
Kunyemwerera kwenhema
Isu tese takaseka kunyepa pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu. Mukunyemwerera, kusavapo kwekufamba muchikamu chekunze che mhasuru iyo inotenderera ziso (orbicularis oculi pars lateralis, muchiLatin) inosiyanisa kunyemwerera kwenhema kubva kune chaicho. Kana kunyemwerera kuri munyoro kana kuenzanirana pachiyero, kusavapo kwekufamba uku kuri nyore kuona nekuti hapana tsoka dzegunguo dziripo uye matama haasimudzwe nemusuru chiito, zvichideredza kuvhurika kweziso.
Kune rimwe divi, kunyemwerera kwakaitwa nemaune kunozoburitsa zvese izvi zviratidzo, zvichiita kuti kunyepedzera kuve kwakaoma kuona, saka chiratidzo chinonyanya kushupika chinofanira kutsvakwa: kuderera kudiki kwazvo kwetsiye uye ganda pakati pemapapu. eyelid repamusoro, iro rinodaidzwa kunzi chivharo cheziso. Musiyano uyu unonetsa kucherechedza, uye nguva zhinji tinonyengerwa zviri nyore nekunyemwerera kukuru kwekunyepedzera, iyo inogona zvakare kutsanangura kuti sei vanhu vachishandisa seyakajairika manzwiro mask.
Kunyemwerera kwevanhu
Kunyemwerera kwevanhu, ndezvechokwadi here kana kuti ndezvekunyepera? Kazhinji ndezvekunyepa nekuti tinozviita, "nekuti zvinofanirwa kunge zvakadaro" uye kwete nekuti kunyemwerera kwacho kunonzwika panguva iyoyo, zvirinani, kazhinji kazhinji.
Tsika anthropologists vakaonawo kuti vanhu vanobva mutsika dzakasiyana vanonyemwerera mumamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira asina kunaka uye akanaka manzwiro, zvichisimbisazve mhedzisiro yevaongorori vezvepfungwa ... Aya anthropologists akagumisa kuti chirevo chekunyemwerera chakatemwa mutsika, izvo kazhinji, pakanga pasina kuratidzwa kwekunzwa, uye kunyanya, pakanga pasina kuratidzwa kwechiso kwese kwekunakidzwa, kunyangwe paine anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kumeso kuratidzwa kwemanzwiro.