Mexico ndiyo nyika yakatariswa mukati me runyorwa rwe 17 nyika dzakatenderedza pasirese dzakanyorwa kuti megadiverse, chirevo chayo ndechekuti ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzinochengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana pasi rose, uye izvi zvinokonzerwa nenzvimbo yaro yenharaunda yakakosha kune hupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji vapenyu.
Sekureva kwenzvimbo dzakasarudzika pakutsvagurudza kwezvakatipoteredza munyika, kuvepo kwemhando gumi dzemhando dzakasiyana dzezvakatipoteredza kwakadaidzwa, rimwe nerimwe riine mhando dzaro dzakasiyana dzinogaramo uye hunhu hwakakosha.
Kuti unzwisise chidzidzo zvishoma, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive pfungwa uye zvinorehwa neecosystem, saka zvinogona kunzi tsananguro yeshoko iri inzvimbo yakatarwa kana chidimbu chenyika inogarwa nezvipenyu zvakasiyana siyana zvemarudzi akasiyanaZvakare pamwe nezvinhu zvisina hupenyu zvipenyu zvakaita semaminerari, ivhu, mamiriro ekunze, tembiricha, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinobatanidzwawo.
Masikirwo ehupenyu anofungidzirwa kuve akakosha kwazvo pachiyero chechisikigo, kunyange hazvo kuvanhu chakatorwa kubva kune kwakasiyana maonero, sezvo zviwanikwa zvakasiyana zvekukosha kukuru zvinogona kuwanikwa mazviri, ndosaka vakashandiswa. Ivo pachavo kudzamara kusvika pamamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa anokanganisa kuvapo kwemamwe marudzi uye ecosystem zvakajairika.
Iyo gumi ecosystem enowanikwa muMexico
Izvi zvinotevera zvicharatidzwa 10 ecosystems anogona kuwanikwa mudunhu renyika inoshamisa yeMexico. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa hukuru hwezvinhu zvipenyu zviripo mavari, uye kuti nekuda kwechikonzero ichi inoonekwa senyika megadiverse.
Masango akaoma
Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare semasango enzvimbo dzinopisa, ayo anonyatsopokana nenguva dzekusanaya kwemvura nekuti munzvimbo idzi mamiriro ekunze anowanzo nyorova kupfuura zvakajairwa. Maitiro ayo anotaridzika anochinjika sezvo mvura ichida kuita kuti zvinomera zvichinje zvakanyanya. Masango anodziya kana masango akaoma anowanikwa kuchamhembe kweYucatan, muPacific yemahombekombe egungwa, uye mumabhesheni eBalsas.
Masango ane nyorova
Aya akangofanana nemasango akaoma dzinozivikanwawo semasango anodziya, kunyangwe iwe uchikwanisa kuona zvakasiyana zvinomera pane iya yakambotsanangurwa. Zvinonzi mune iyi ecosystem mune huwandu hukuru hwezvipfuyo muMexico zvakajairika, pamwe nehuswa. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwenyika yeLatin America, uko kune kunetsekana kukuru pachikamu chevanyanzvi sezvo iri nzvimbo ine hupfumi hwakawandisa zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa mubazi rezvemaindasitiri uye nekudaro chikamu chikuru chayo chakanyangarika. , nepo 70% yezvakasara iri mune yakashata mamiriro.
Mahombekombe egungwa
Aya madziva anoonekwa seakakosha kwazvo kune iyo ecosystem yeMexico nekuti nyanzvi dzinovimbisa kuti dzinoshanda senzvimbo yezvinhu zvakasikwa zvinogona kukanganisa kuvimbika kwenyika. Mahombekombe emahombekombe mitumbi yakavharwa yemvura yegungwa inogona kudzika kwazvo, mimwe kusvika pamamita makumi mashanu pakadzika yakatomboonekwa. Zvinoenderana nekuverengwa kwekupedzisira kwakaitwa, pane mazana mana nemakumi mapfumbamwe ematagi eichi chimiro mudunhu rese.
Makore ane makore
Masango egore akakosha kwazvo kune hutano hwemarudzi mazhinji emiti muMexico, uye parizvino pane kunetsekana kukuru nekuti inenge hafu yeiyi ecosystem yakarasika nekuda kwekushandisa zviwanikwa. Iyi ecosystem zvakare iri kumba kune ingangoita gumi muzana yezvirimwa zviripo muMexico uye inovhara 10% yenyika yese.
Masango ane mwero
Masango aya anoonekwa seakanaka kwazvo ecosystem anogona kuvapo pasirese, uye mune ino chaiyo pane dzinenge hafu yemarudzi ese emipaini munyika ine makumi mashanu makumi mashanu akasiyana mukuwedzera kwawo, zvakare Iri musha kune anopfuura zviuru zvinomwe zviuru zvemhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa, kunyange hazvo isingaregererwe kubva pakuparadzwa, nekuti zvinofungidzirwa kuti ingangoita 50% yacho inoparadzwa. Masango anodziya anofukidza 7% yenzvimbo dzese dzeMexico.
Grasslands
Mumasango, basa revanhu rinogona kucherechedzwa muhuwandu hwakawanda, nekuti inzvimbo dziri nyore kuwana zviitiko zvakadai semombe nekurima. Mhando dzemiti dzinonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo idzi ndidzo dzemakwenzi nemiti midiki, uye zvakare imomo kune akasiyana siyana marudzi emhuka. Iyi inowanikwa kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwenyika uye inovhara ingangoita 6% yenharaunda yese.
Mangrove
Mangrove inzira dzezvisikwa dzinogona kucherechedzwa muhuwandu hunoshamisa hwenyika zana nemakumi masere nepasi uye dzinoshanda sedziviriro kumahombekombe evaya vane rombo rekudzitora, zvakare chiyeuchidzo chinoonekwa nevanhu vese, uve neakawanda evashanyi kukosha. Mexico iri pakati penyika ina dzekutanga dzine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu izvi, kunyangwe iyo yenyika iyoyo iri panjodzi kubva mukushandiswa kwe zviwanikwa zvegungwa.
Coral reef
Coral reefstems ecosystems anowanikwa mugungwa ayo anogara kumarudzi mazhinji emhuka dzemumvura uye izvo panguva imwechete zvinopa dziviriro kune mazhinji acho. MuMexico zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune angangoita gumi muzana yemarudzi ese eefefi pasi uye kumahombekombe ayo kunyanya muGulf yeMexico uye muCaribbean Sea huvepo hweMesoamerican reef hunogona kucherechedzwa, inova yechipiri chimiro chakakura cheichi chimiro pasirese, saka ine kukosha kusingaenzaniswi kwevashanyi iyo kune vese vashanyi vanoda kuziva. Nehurombo iyi ecosystem haina kuchengetedzwa kubva mukushandiswa kwe zviwanikwa kana kusvibiswa, uye zvinoenderana nezvakawanda zvidzidzo zvakaratidzwa kuti zvishoma nezvishoma aya makorari ari kuparadzwa.
Tsvina
MuMexico mune huwandu hwakawanda hwezvirimwa zvecacti uye izvi zvinokonzereswa nekuti zvipenyu zvinozivikanwa sematenhe ndiwo akakurisa mudunhu, uye mavari unogona kuona huwandu hwakawanda hwecactus marudzi ayo anotoita chikamu chikuru che tsika yenyika., zvese nhoroondo uye gastronomically nekuti kuMexico vanowanzo shandira huwandu hwakawanda hwedhishi dzinoperekedzwa nemiti iyi kana dzinoishandisa seyakanyanya.
Giant kelp masango
Semakorari matombo, izvi zvipenyu zviri mumvura uye zvinogona kuwanikwa muGulf yeMexico neCaribbean Sea. Idzi ndidzo nzvimbo dzinogona kukura algae uye kusvika kumatunhu asingatendeseke kwazvo asi aripo, nekuti iwo algae anogona kuyera kusvika pamamita makumi matatu pakukwirira uye anogara kumusha kune hombe mhando dzegungwa. Aya makuru algae anoshanda sedziviriro yekudzivirira kune mazhinji marudzi uye ndima yegungwa uye akakosha kwazvo kuti avepo.
Zvose ecosystems yeMexico akakosha chaizvo kune hupenyu hwavanochengeta asi zvinosuwisa kuti munhu anga achida kutora mukana zviwanikwa zviri mazviri kuti agone kuzvipfumisa uye kuita hupfumi hwakawanda, asi mazuva ano Masangano akagadzirwa anotsvaga kuchengetedza idzi nzvimbo dzenyika kuitira kuti vasazoparadzwa nekuti vazhinji vakarasikirwa nechikamu chakakura chenharaunda yavo nekuda kwekusvibisa uye kuwandisa kwekushandisa