Chiremba wako anogona kunge akataura newe nezve ergonomics pane imwe nguva kana imwe. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uzive nezve izvi kuti uwane chimiro chakanaka zvese muhupenyu hwako uye muhupenyu hwako hwebasa. Asi hazvisi izvo chete zvinodiwa kuti iwe umire, ukangoziva zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi unozonzwisisa kukosha kwayo.
Ergonomics inzira yekugadzira kana kuronga nzvimbo dzekushandira, zvigadzirwa, uye masystem kutenderana nevanhu vanozvishandisa. Vazhinji vanhu vakanzwa nezve ergonomics uye vanofunga kuti zvine chekuita nezvigaro kana dhizaini yeanodzora uye zviridzwa mumota, uye iri ... asi zvakatowanda.
Chii chinonzi ergonomics
Ergonomics inoshanda kune dhizaini yechinhu chipi zvacho chinosanganisira vanhu: nzvimbo dzebasa, mitambo uye zororo, hutano uye kuchengetedzeka. Iri bazi resainzi iro rinotarisira kudzidza pamusoro pehunhu hwevanhu uye zvausingakwanise, wobva waisa kudzidza uku kugadzirisa kudyidzana kwevanhu nezvigadzirwa, masisitimu nenzvimbo
Chinangwa chekuvandudza nzvimbo dzekushandira uye nharaunda kudzikisira njodzi yekukuvara kana kukuvara. Sezvo tekinoroji inoshanduka, ndizvo zvinoitawo kukosha kwekuona kuti maturusi atinowana ekushanda, kuzorora, uye kutamba akagadzirirwa izvo zvinodiwa nemiviri yedu.
Nei ergonomics yakakosha?
Mutengo wevarombo ergonomics munzvimbo yebasa wakaenzana nekukuvara kwakanangana nebasa uye nezvirwere. Kutambudzika kwekudzokera shure ndiko hurema hwepasirese hwepasirese, hunokanganisa vashandi mumahofisi, nzvimbo dzekuvaka, uye mune iri njodzi huru, kurima.
Ergonomics inotarisira kugadzira nzvimbo dzakachengeteka, dzakasununguka uye dzinobudirira nekubatanidza kugona kwevanhu neganhuriro mukugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yebasa, kusanganisira saizi yemuviri, simba, hunyanzvi, kumhanyisa, kugona kwekunzwa (kuona, kunzwa), uye kunyangwe mafungiro emunhu.
Ergonomics muvanhu vakura
Munharaunda yanhasi kutenderera pasirese, huwandu hwevanhu vakura hunowedzera gore rega rega, chimwe chinhu chakajairika sezvo paine hupenyu huri nani uye vanhu vane mukana wekurarama kwenguva yakareba uye kunakidzwa nekuchembera nekukwegura nenzira yakanaka.
Nezvo, zvishandiso, masevhisi uye masisitimu anodikanwa kuti agadzirwe kuzadzikisa zvido zvinokura zvevanhu vakura, kunyorera kutakura veruzhinji, zvivakwa zvekuvaka nenzvimbo dzekugara.
Ergonomics inoshanda sei?
Ergonomics ibazi idzva resainzi rakapemberera makore makumi mashanu muna50, asi rinotsvaga pakutsvagurudzwa kwakaitwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzezvesainzi dzakura uye dzakasimbiswa, senge engineering, physiology, uye psychology. Kuti uwane yakanakisa tsika dhizaini, ergonomists vanoshandisa data uye matekiniki kubva kwakasiyana maitiro:
- Anthropometry: saizi yemuviri, maumbirwo; vanhu uye misiyano
- Biomechanics: mhasuru, levers, masimba, simba
- Environmental physics: ruzha, mwenje, kupisa, kutonhora, radiation, vibration, masystem emuviri: kunzwa, kuona, kunzwa
- Inoshandiswa psychology: kugona, kudzidza, kukanganisa, mutsauko
- Social psychology: mapoka, kutaurirana, kudzidza, maitiro
Ngozi dzakashata dze ergonomics
Ergonomics yakaipa haina kufanana neyakaipa dhizaini. Ne dhizaini, ergonomics ingori imwe yezvinhu zvakawanda zvinoda kutariswa. Ergonomics inofanirwa kuve yakaenzana ichipesana nezvimwe zvinhu senge aesthetics (maitiro echigadzirwa), musika (izvo vanhu zvavanoda kutenga), uye bhajeti, iyo inogona kuona mhando yezvinhu uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kuvaka iyo.
Varombo ergonomics inotsanangura kushomeka kwekubatana pakati pezvakatipoteredza, iro basa nemidziyo. Sachigaro yekudyira yakatwasuka, semuenzaniso, inogona kunge isingatariswe se ergonomic, asi munzvimbo kwayo, senge yekudyira isingawanzo shandiswa, inoita basa racho nemazvo. Munzvimbo yehofisi umo vanhu vanoda kugara kwenguva yakareba, mhando imwechete yechigaro inogona kukonzeresa matambudziko nekuda kwekushayikwa kwerutsigiro rwembambo uye neyakaomarara, yakamira.
Zvakajairika ergonomic kukuvara
Tevere isu tichaenda kukuudza kuti ndedzipi kukuvara kwakanyanya kwe ergonomic muvanhu vasingatarise izvi muhupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva.
- Carpal tunnel chirwere. Zvinokonzerwa nekumanikidza kune meridian nerve, iyo inomhanya kubva pabendekete kuenda kumaoko uye inowanzo kukonzerwa nekushandisa kwenguva refu kwegonzo uye keyboard.
- Ganglion cysts Bundu riri pasi peganda (kazhinji pachiuno) rinowanzo kukonzerwa nekushandisa zvakanyanya mubatanidzwa unotungamira mukuzvimba.
- Chirwere chaRaynaud. Kuperevedza kweropa uye chiveve mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri, dzimwe nguva zvichikonzerwa nekudzokorora kufamba.
- Tendinitis Kurwadziwa pamwe chete kana kuzvimba, kazhinji kunokonzerwa nekudzokorora uye kusagadzikana kumira.
- Dzokera kumashure matambudziko Inogona kukonzereswa kana kuitirwa zvakashata nekugara kwenguva refu mukusagadzikana mamiriro, kusimudza, kumonyanisa, uye kukotama.
- Zvimwe musculoskeletal kusagadzikana (MSD). Nekufamba kwenguva, kusamira zvakanaka uye kumisikidza kwekushandira kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko nemhasuru, tsinga, tsinga dzeropa, mitsipa, uye tendon.
Hunhu uye mhando dzakanaka ergonomics
Tevere isu ticha taura newe nezve hunhu uye mhando dzema ergonomics akanaka kuitira kuti nenzira iyi iwe uzviite muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva. Saka iwe unogona kuve nemamiriro ari nani emuviri uye chii chakanyanya kukosha ... Iwe unonzwisisa zvinoreva ergonomics.
Sezvo isu tese tichipedza nguva yakawandisa tiri pabasa, zvakakosha kuti vashandirwi vasimudzire zvakanaka ergonomics. Nepo kutenga yakakodzera ergonomic michina iri yakakosha danho rekutanga, haisi iyo yega mhinduro. Chii chimwe, Izvi hazvingoshandi chete kubasa, asi zvinoshandawo kune hwako hwega uye hwezuva nezuva hupenyu.
- Chikwata. Unoda michina yebasa yakakodzera kuti muviri wako uve nehunhu hwakanaka nguva dzese.
- Kushanda kwekushandira. Kugadzira nzvimbo yako yebasa kwakakosha sekuve nemidziyo chaiyo. Kugadziriswa kuri kwekumisikidza chishandiso pakureba kwakaringana, kona uye chinhambwe kune izvo zvinodiwa nemushandisi.
- Kugara uchifamba. Kiyi yehutano hwakakura uye kugadzirwa munzvimbo yebasa kana muhupenyu hwega kuwana chiyero chakakwana pakati pekufamba, kumira, uye kugara. Semuenzaniso, chakanakira kushandisa maminetsi makumi maviri wakagara, maminetsi masere akamira, uye maminetsi maviri kufamba kana kutambanudza.
Mamiriro akanaka
Vanhu vanowanzorerutsa kukosha kwekumira kwakanaka. Isu tese tinoziva kuti kusamira zvakanaka, sekudonha uye kutsvedza, kunogona kukonzera maronda, kurwadziwa, uye kukuvara, asi chimiro chinozivikanwa kukanganisa manzwiro atinoita, kufunga, uye kuzvibata futi. Imwe ongororo yakawana izvo Chimiro chakanaka chinogona kutibatsira kuti tinzwe tine tariro uye nekurangarira ndangariro dzakanaka nyore nyore.
Mutauro wemuviri wakakosha - patinomira kana kugara takatwasuka, tinonzwa kuve nechivimbo, simba, uye takangwarira. Kune chero mubvunzo we ergonomics Iwe unogona kutaura nachiremba wako kana wepanyama murapi kuti uwane mwero mumuviri wako.