Biology ishoko rine mavambo echiGiriki, iro rinoreva kuti "sainzi yehupenyu", uye izvi zvinotsanangurwa sesainzi inodzidza zvipenyu nenzira dzakasiyana, ndiko kuti, maererano nekwavo kwakatangira, zvivakwa, shanduko, budiriro, kubereka, pakati pevamwe .
Tsvaga kuti ndeapi matavi ebiology
Iyi sainzi yakakamurwa kuita akati wandei matavi, madhiri kana minda yekudzidza, iyo inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: chikuru uye chechipiri. Yekutanga ndiyo cellular, marine uye molecular biology, bhotani, ecology, physiology, genetics, microbiology uye zoology; nepo iwo echipiri neavo vane hukama nebiology kusvika padiki pane ayo apfuura.
ari biology mikana yemabasa Iwo akatambanuka, nekuti ane matavi mazhinji kana madhiri. Neichi chikonzero, zvakakosha kuti uvazive kana iwe uri kudzidza iro rekutanga basa, kuti uwane hunyanzvi mubazi rinounza kufarira.
Maitiro makuru ebiology
Izvo zvataurwa pamusoro ndizvo zvakakosha kuraira, iyo yatichatsanangura zvakadzama pazasi, tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita seminda yekudzidza uye mikana yemabasa.
Cell biology
Iyo inozivikanwawo se cytology, ibazi rezve biology iro rinosanganisira kudzidza kwemabasa, zvivakwa, zvivakwa uye kudyidzana munharaunda iyo maseru anokura. Izvi zvakazvarwa pamwe nemaikorosikopu, sezvo zvakatipa mukana wekutarisa masero.
El kudzidza kwesero biology inosanganisira kucherechedzwa kwemasero padanho remamorekuru, ndosaka matavi maviri achiwanzobatanidzwa. Uye zvakare, kune zvakakosha zvakakosha kuita chidzidzo ichi, senge rusero rusvingo, lysosomes, chloroplasts, ribosomes, cell cell, cytoskeleton, pakati pevamwe.
Marine biology
Iri rimwe rematavi ebiology anovavarira kuongorora zvipenyu zvinowanikwa mumakungwa ecosystem, tichifunga nezvese zvinhu zvehupenyu hwemumvura, iri zvakare basa rekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza. Pamusoro pezvo, inodzidzawo zviitiko zvehupenyu muzvinhu zvipenyu izvi uye inogona kushandisa masainzi akasiyana siyana kuita zvidzidzo zvakazara uye zvepasi rose.
Molecular biology
Icho chikamu cheminda yekudzidza biology, iyo inodzidza zvisikwa zvipenyu munzira yemamorekuru, ndiko kuti, maitiro kana zviitiko zvinoedzwa kutsanangura tichifunga nezve macromolecular properties; ayo anowanzo kuve nucleic acids (DNA) nemapuroteni.
Bhotani
Inoreva sainzi ine chinhu chekudzidza zvirimwa, tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvese zvinogoneka, maitiro ekuberekesa, hukama nezvimwe zvisikwa, kuiswa kwavo, pakati pevamwe Mhando dzakacherechedzwa nekudzidzwa ndidzo zvirimwa, fungi, algae uye cyanobacteria. Uye zvakare, zvinokwanisika kuwana zvikamu zviviri zvedanho, sezvo zvichikwanisika kuwana bhotani yakashandiswa (shandisa zvinangwa zvehunyanzvi) uye yakachena bhotani (kudzidza zvakawanda nezvehunhu hwevanhu vakadzidza).
Ecology
Pakati pe kuranga kwebiology tinogona kuwana ecology, sainzi ine chinangwa chekucherechedza hukama hune zvipenyu zvine nharaunda yazvo uye nezvimwe zvipenyu; kuva izvo zvidzidzo zvepamusoro, kuwanda uye kugoverwa kwezvakaenzana zvichienderana nekudyidzana nezvinhu izvi.
Nenzira yakapfupikiswa uye yakanyanya kutaurwa, ecology inowongorora akasiyana ecosystem uye hukama pakati pemarudzi akasiyana anogara mairi.
Physiology
Icho chikamu chematavi ebiology sezvo iri basa rekudzidza kuti ndeapi mabasa ezvipenyu, ayo anogona kunge ari mhuka physiology (panowanikwa munhu) nekudyara. Uye zvakare, zvinokwanisika kutsvaga kumwe kupatsanurwa, senge sero, nhengo, nyama, zvokurapa uye kuenzanisa.
Genetics
Inotarisa pane iyo kudzidza nezve nhaka nhaka, ndiko kuti, inopfuudzwa sei pakati pezvizvarwa zvezvipenyu. Iri ndiro rimwe rematavi emazuva ano, uko kuvepo kwemamwe matavi senge biology yesero uye biochemistry inowanikwa. Zvinhu zvake zvikuru zvekudzidza ndeye nucleic acid (DNA) uye RNA, uko kwekupedzisira kunosanganisira mutumwa, kuchinjisa uye ribosomal.
Microbiology
Icho chinoreva sainzi iyo ine chinangwa chekuongorora uye kuongorora microorganisms; izvi zvive izvo zvisikwa kana "zvipenyu" zvisingaonekwe nemaziso evanhu. Hutachiona hukuru, ndiko kuti, iwo anotariswa nebazi iri pakudzidza, ndiwo mavairasi, fungi uye mabhakitiriya; nepo mamwe ma microorganisms achiwanzo kufundwa mune mamwe maitiro akadai separasitology.
Zoology
Pakupedzisira, tinowana iyo bazi rebiology rinotarisa pakudzidza mhuka uye mune izvo zvakasiyana zvinhu zvakaita se morphology, physiology, hunhu, pakati pevamwe, zvezvimwe zvinoonekwa.
Sekondari matavi ebiology
Chekupedzisira, tinowana zvimwe zvidzidzo kana minda yekudzidza bhayoloji inoenderana nayo, asi iyo isipo pakati pezvakanyanya sezvo ari mapazi ane zvimwe zvinangwa. Pakati pavo zvinokwanisika kuwana zvinotevera:
- Anatomy.
- Arachnology.
- Aerobiology.
- Biophysics.
- Biogeography.
- Nyeredzi.
- Bhakitiriya.
- Bioinformatics.
- Chorology
- Epidemiology.
- Entomology.
- Dzidziso yekushanduka-shanduka.
- Biochemistry.
- Zvakatipoteredza biology.
- Phylogeny.
- Ethology.
- Phytopathology.
- Phycology.
- Herpetology.
- Immunology.
- Nhoroondo.
- Herpetology.
- Inctiology.
- Limnology.
- Mycology.
- Ornithology.
- Paleontology.
- Oncology.
- Ontogeny.
- Zvokurwara.
- Parasitology.
- Zvemagariro.
- Dzidziso.
- Virology.
- Toxicology.
- Mutero
Isu tinovimba kuti iwo ruzivo rwunopihwa nezve akasiyana matavi ebiology anga ari e degree rako; Kana iwe uchida kugovera zvemukati uye uine chero mibvunzo, usakanganwa kutisiira komendi uye isu tichapindura nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona.