Kune mangani marudzi emimhanzi aripo? Kupatsanura uye nzvimbo dzekutanga

Mimhanzi yakagara ichitsanangurwa, chero iyo mhando yemumhanzi  kune izvo zvinotaurwa, senge hunyanzvi hwekubatanidza ruzha uye zvinyararire nehurongwa chaihwo, mutinhimira uye mutinhimira, mukutsvaga kwekusingaperi kwekunzwisisa uye kukanganiswa nemanzwiro nemweya wemunyori nevaya vanogovana nekunakirwa kwake . Humbowo hwehupo hwayo uye mavambo ayo anodzokera kumashure prehistory, kunyangwe ndiani angafungidzira nyika isina mimhanzi? Kunyange hazvo mavambo ayo asingakwanise kunyatso simbiswa pamwe nechokwadi, zvinofungidzirwa kuti mavambo ayo anogona kuwanikwa mukutevedzera, nemunhu, wekutinhira kwechisikigo, kuimba kweshiri, mafungu egungwa, kurira kwemhepo., pakati pevamwe.

Mimhanzi chigadzirwa chemagariro senge kuratidzwa kwese kwounyanzvi Uye mukushanduka kwepfungwa yayo yakakosha, zvinogona kunzi mimhanzi kutaura kwekunzwa uye manzwiro mukugara uchitsvaga kumutswa kwekunzwa kwekunzwa mukati mevanopindirana vanounza mufaro uye kugutsikana nekusimudza manzwiro uye nemanzwiro kumatunhu. zvakaoma kunongedza uye kuyera. Sezvo mimhanzi chiri chigadzirwa chetsika umo kupindira uye kutaura kwezvinhu zvakawanda kuri pachena, zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti nei mhando dzemimhanzi dzakawandisa, uye dzakasiyana sedzakarongwa uye maitiro ekuita.

Mumhanzi kupatsanura

Mumhanzi mutauro wepasirese, unodarika zvipingaidzo zvetsika nemitauro, mutauro, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvatinogona kushandisa pakuvamba chinzvimbo chinotibvumidza kurongeka zvirinani uye kudzidza hunyanzvi uhu, ngatione zvimwe zvezvinotarisirwa uye zvinogamuchirwa kuronga mhando yemimhanzi.

Nzvimbo yenzvimbo kwaakabva

Zvemagariro uye zvetsika zvinhu zvine simba rekusimudzira kukura kwehunhu hwemimhanzi yerimwe dzinza kana boka renzanga.

1. Greece, kuGreek kune kwayakatangira marudzi ekumavirira emimhanzi. Iri dhorobha rinotora nzvimbo yakakosha mune zvinopesana nenhoroondo yemumhanzi
2. Dominican Republic Munharaunda ino yeCaribbean iyo inomiririra genus meringue, iri mhando yemumhanzi inotamba iyo yakazopararira ichienda kune mamwe matunhu nemhando dzakasiyana dzenzvimbo inoitisa.
3. Asia Munharaunda ino dhizaini yakashongedzwa yemimhanzi inotungamira, inozivikanwa nekuratidzira akasiyana uye akasarudzika mafomu emimhanzi.
4. Latin America Mimhanzi yeLatin America yakapfuma kwazvo, yakakura uye yakasiyana, sekune kumatunhu ese mhando dzinotenderera dzakatarisana netsika, tsika nezviitiko. Munharaunda ino tinowana: Salsa, Merengue, Chinyakare, Cumbia, Vallenato, Ranchera, Northern Band, Tango, Flamenco, Latin Jazz, Samba, Pagode, Sertanejo, uye Rock muSpanish.
5. United States mhando dzakakurumbira dzemimhanzi mudunhu rino ndeidzi: Jazz. Mumhanzi wenyika, Rhythm neBlues uye Dombo. Techno rudzi rwemimhanzi yemagetsi yakabuda muDetroit, USA, pakati pemakumi masere.
6. Kiyuba Salsa rudzi rwemimhanzi, rhythm itsika yemimhanzi yakagadzirwa nevaimbi vanobva kuCuba. Senge rudzi rwunobatanidza akawanda masenduru sezvo salsa iri genesi uye synthesis yemamwe marudzi mazhinji emimhanzi: kutamba, kupokana, danzon, guaracha, guaguancó, mambo, chachachá nemwanakomana montuno.
7. Japan Nekusvika kweBuddha  mamwe marudzi emimhanzi akagadzwa muJapan. Aya ndiwo mawaniro atinoita iyo Bugaku, iro zita rakapihwa kumumhanzi unofamba nemimwe mitambo. Shinto mimhanzi yechitendero uye Kagen inova mhando yemimhanzi isina chinangwa chakangori mimhanzi yekunakidzwa kwekugadzira nekunzwa mimhanzi.

Zvinoenderana neBasa rayo

 Mimhanzi sechinhu chetsika chinomira chakakomberedza zviitiko zvakasiyana zvevanhu, saka muchikamu ichi tinowana anotevera marudzi:

1. Kunamata Ndiwo mumhanzi wakanyatso nyorwa kuti uperekedze mabasa echitendero kana mhemberero. Iyo inoitwa zvichibva pane izvo zvinodaidzwa kuita zvechivanhu uye zvinodiwa nevatendi kana varapi vechimwe chitendero kana chitendero.
2. Profane. Kurongwa uku kunosanganisira mimhanzi yese inoitirwa zviitiko zvakasiyana zvevanhu pasina chinongedzo kune chero dzidziso yekutenda.  

Zvinoenderana nezwi rinoreva kushandiswa.

Zvinoenderana nezwi rinoreva, mimhanzi inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: izwi, kuridza uye kurira kwezwi.

1. Music mimhanzi. Muchikamu chino tinoona mimhanzi ichidudzirwa nezwi rakaimbwa zvega. Zvemimhanzi mabasa kana zvidimbu zvinoitwa nezwi remunhu, pasina chiridzwa chinofambidzana, zvinodaidzwa kuti "cappella". Panyaya iyi basa rinogona kuitwa nemunhu mumwe chete, uye mune iyi nyaya muimbi anonzi anoimba ega, kana inogonawo kuimbwa nekwaya kana boka revanhu vanodudzira manzwi ese nezwi rimwechete mu "kubatana". uye melodic mutsetse kana mune polyphonic fomu, mumisiyano, kazhinji 1/8 muyero yemimhanzi yakafanana, uye matauriro nemisiyano yakasiyana kubva mutsetse wemhanzi.
2. Mumhanzi. Mumhando iyi tinowana mhando yemumhanzi inoitirwa chete nezviridzwa. Rudzi urwu rwekuita runogona kuitwa nechiridzwa chimwe chete, uye mune iyi nyaya tinotaura nezve "soloist" kana inogona kuitwa nemuturikiri anodarika mumwe, aine mhando imwe chete yechiridzwa kana nemhando dzakasiyana dzezviridzwa zvinowirirana izvo pamwe chete zvinoita basa rinokosha.
3. Vocal-chiridzwa mimhanzi. Ndiwo akasiyana mimhanzi iyo inosanganisirwa manzwi uye zviridzwa kuverenga kuti iitwe.

Zvinoenderana neruzhinji kune kwainonangidzirwa

Sezvo mimhanzi ichokwadi chetsika, chakazvarwa kubva pakuratidzwa kwehunyanzvi, kubata kwayo kunoratidzirwa nehunhu hwemapoka evanhu akaigadzira, vachigadzirisa iwo kune ayo akasiyana madonzo. Nekudaro zvichienderana neichi chirevo isu tinowana:

1. Folk kana mimhanzi inozivikanwa  Genre iyi yakaberekwa sechigadzirwa chakakurumbira kuratidzwa, kukosha kwayo basa rayo, iro rinotaridzika rakatendeka mune yega yega basa. Nekudaro, kubva parugwaro kana tsamba kune fomu yemimhanzi, ivo vanomuka semhedzisiro yakananga yeiyo idincncrasy yakakurumbira. Inosanganisira mabasa akambomuka nekufamba kwenguva uye ayo akachengetedzwa sekuratidzwa kwekuvimbika kwetsika. Mumhando iyi, vanhu ndivo musiki, dhizaini uye garandi wekuchengetedza kwayo, kunoitwa nekuda kwekuti inopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa.
2. Mumhanzi weCult muboka iri tinowana mimhanzi yakatsiga, yakadzidza, yepamusoro kana yekusarudza. Rudzi urwu rwunofanirwa kudzidza uye kune ese marudzi ezvidzidzo, aesthetic, uye mamiriro ehurongwa. Zvinosanganisira maawa marefu ekudzidza uye zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, uye vaturikiri vacho vanove neyakareba uye yakaoma maitiro ekudzidzira kuti vakwanise kuzviita.
3. Mumhanzi wakakurumbira seti yemaitiro emimhanzi asina kuzivikanwa nemamwe marudzi kana madzinza. Anomiririra mabasa anoonekwa nekureruka kwavo uye kwenguva pfupi uye nekuwanzo nyorwa mumafomu akareruka emimhanzi. Izvo hazvitore danho repamusoro rekudzidziswa kwemimhanzi kuti riitwe uye rinotengeswa nekuparadzirwa nekutenda kune vezvenhau vazhinji.
4. Mumhanzi wemagetsi: Rudzi urwu rwemumhanzi runomuka kubva pamakumi mapfumbamwe, iyi genre yakavakirwa, sezita zvarinoreva, zvakangonaka pamagetsi emagetsi akagadzirwa murabhoritari
5. Mumhanzi zvinoenderana nenguva yenhoroondo. Muchikamu chino tinowana zvidimbu rvamiririri venguva dzezvakaitika vane hunhu-hwakasarudzika mune yega yega yakamuka, kuratidzwa kwemimhanzi, kuratidzwa kwehupenyu uye kunzwa kwenguva. Aya ndiwo mawaniro atinoita.
6. Yekare kana medieval (1000 kusvika 1400)
7. Renaissance (1400 kusvika 1600) ino nhoroondo nguva inoonekwa nekumukazve kwemufananidzo wemunhu anomuka kubva mukusangana kwake neyakare uye hunhu kwaari simba idzva rekugadzira nehunyanzvi. Mumhanzi wenguva ino unoratidzwa ne polyphony uye counterpoint.
8. Baroque (1600-1750) inomuka kubva mukushandiswa kwetoni dzakaomarara pane polyphony uye counterpoint
9. Classicism (1750-1800) iri mhando inozivikanwa nekumisikidza mirau mitsva mukuumbwa uye chimiro. Munguva ino harpsichord inonyangarika uye piyano inoonekwa
10. Kudanana (1800-1910) mumhanzi unosvika pakuzivikanwa sechikamu chetsika inoedza, kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzekudzidzisa mimhanzi (conservatories) inokurudzirwa
11. Contemporary Zana ramakore rechimakumi maviri rinosanganisa iyo yepashure-yerudo, yemazuva ano, uye yapashure.