Munyu chinhu chechisikigo chinova chikamu chehupenyu hwedu, kune vamwe chinoratidzika sechinhu chisina kukosha, zvisinei kubva pakuonekwa kwaro kwaive nekukosha kukuru, chaitoshandiswa sekubhadhara basa, saka izwi rekuti "muhoro".
Munyu idombo. Ndicho chidimbu chekaresa chinoshandiswa nevanhu uye kukosha kwazvo muhupenyu kwakaratidza budiriro mumatanho ayo akasiyana, zvichisvika zvakakura mune zvehupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika uye zvekudya mukati memarudzi akasiyana siyana anga achisimudzira tsika nemararamiro edu. Icho chigadzirwa chakasanganiswa mune zvese gastronomy uye indasitiri yepasirese, kungave semakondohwe, zvakakosha kuchengetedza zvekudya kana zvisiri zvekudya zvinoshandiswa.
Nhoroondo yemunyu uye kuti yakaguma sei muindasitiri huru
Kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa ichi kunotanga munguva yamambo weChinese Huangdi uye kwakatanga muna 2670 ADC Imwe yemafurati ekutanga emunyu akasimbiswa kushandiswa mukushandisa kwevanhu iri kuchamhembe kwedunhu munzvimbo izere nemakomo nemadhamu ane munyu panguva kutanga Dzimwe nguva dzehumambo ivo vanamwari vakaramba vachiti munhu wega wega aive nekodzero yechikamu chemunyu wakajairika, zvichipa kukosha kwakakosha kuchigadzirwa ichi.
Kuziva kukosha kwemunyu vese madzishe ehumambo uye gare gare madzimambo, akabhadharisa mitero yekushandisa uye kushandisa munyu kuva imwe yemari inonyanya kukosha muhomwe yehumambo.
Mukati mezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, nhevedzano yeshanduko dzakakosha dzakagadzirwa muSpanish indasitiri yemunyu. Nekuenzanisirwa kwekufambira mberi kwemaindasitiri, kuiswa kwehunyanzvi hutsva uye maitiro matsva ekuwana munyu yakagadziridzwa muchikamu ichi.
¿Inowanikwa sei?
Iyo salinera inzvimbo iyo iyo inobvumidza mvura yemunyu kuti ive mhute, kusiya chete munyu, kugona kuomesa uye kuutora uchitengesa. Ivo vanosiyaniswa nemhando dzemunyu, iwo ari mumahombekombe, ari pamahombekombe ekushandisa mvura yegungwa, uye iwo ari mukati, umo matsime emvura yemunyu anoshandiswa nekuda kwemvura inopfuura nepasi pevhu munyu.
Varume vakagadzira maindasitiri emunyu aya ndivo vanogadzira kugadzira munyu uyo unoshandiswa kurunga chikafu kana uchibika, uye kuuchengetedza, kuitira dzivisa fungi uye mabhakitiriya Uye zvakare, inoshandiswa kune akasiyana maindasitiri emakemikari maitiro akadai sekugadzira magirazi, sipo, mapurasitiki, bepa, zvigadzirwa uye mishonga.
Kukosha kwazvino
Nhasi munyu ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakajairika muchikafu. Huwandu hwezuva nezuva hwekudyiwa kwayo hunodzorwa uye hunotariswa muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika iodine inoshandiswa kudzivirira kutaridzika kwehypothyroid goiter.
Munyu unokanganisa pfungwa yekuravira nekuti muviri wemunhu une masenenzi ane hunyanzvi parurimi anokwanisa kunyatso kuona munyu wechikafu.
Mune dzimwe tsika, vanhu vanowanzo shandisa munyu wakawanda kupfuura unodiwa nemuviri, kazhinji kanenge kaviri munyu unokurudzirwa unodyiwa, zvinopfuura kungoisa munyu zvinowedzera kunaka kwechikafu. Chekutanga pane zvese, icho chakakosha mamineral muhupenyu sezvo muviri wedu uchichida kuti chishande nemazvo, zvinopa:
- Muviri wakanyatsodiridzwa
- Inobatsira kudzora huwandu hwemvura mumuviri
- Inobatsira kugadzirisa mvura yemuviri
- Izvo zvakakosha kune iyo system yenjodzi kuendesa zvishuwo kuuropi
- Inobatsira kuzorora mhasuru
Njodzi dzekushandisa
Munyu wakawandisa unogona kuva nenjodzi kuutano, itsvo hadzikwanise kuubvisa nekuti unoungana muropa, huwandu hweropa hunowedzera uye moyo unomanikidzwa kushanda zvakanyanya kuti ugone kutenderera. Chii chinogona kukonzera kukwirira kweropa matambudziko emwoyo, chirwere chemwoyo kana sitiroko.
Kushomeka kwesodium kunokonzeresa murwere kuve nezviratidzo zvekusakendenga, kushaya simba, kufenda, anorexia, kushomeka kweropa, kutenderera kweropa, kukatyamara, uye pakupedzisira kufa.
Zvemamiriro ekunze
Mutemo wezvezvakatipoteredza nhasi unonyanya kudzvinyirira kana uchigadzira kambani yerudzi rupi zvarwo, saka, vazhinji vakabvunza kukanganisika kwenzvimbo kunokonzerwa nemunyu unoshanda munharaunda yavo.
Sininera inogona kuunza akawanda mabasa ebasa kune huwandu hwevanhu, asi zvinotikuvadzawo nekunyima mamwe marudzi Kukonzera matambudziko akakomba ezvakatipoteredza nekushandura makemikari eivhu rakarimwa.
Maitiro ekupisa mvura
Iyi nzira yekumuka kwemhepo yakanyanyisa munzvimbo dzinopisa, uye zvishoma munzvimbo dzepolar. Pamusoro pemvura mune munyu nekuti mhute inokonzeresa kuti musanganiswa wemunyu uwedzere. Mushonga wemunyu mumadhamu mazhinji, nzizi, kana hova idiki kwazvo zvekuti mvura idzi dzinodaidzwa kuti mvura yakachena.
Nei munyu une munyu?
Mubvunzo unobvunzwa nemunhu wese, kunyangwe iwo mudiki, ane hukama nekuti mvura yemugungwa ine munyu wakadii, hwema uhwu hwakakonzerwa nenyaya yekuti ine sodium chloride. Iyo muzana inowanikwa mumakungwa i10,9%, 35 gramu yetara imwe chete.
Munyika, kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemunyu ndekemakemikari indasitiri, kunyanya nekuda kwekushandisa kwezvinhu zviviri, chlorine uye sodium. Chinhu chakakosha kunwa munyu chakatemerwa de-icing yemigwagwa, kunyanya kuchamhembe kwenyika, iyo inopindirana neruzhinji rwenyika dzakabudirira.
Zvakare, munguva dzichangopfuura, iyo kuburuka yemvura yasvika pakukosha kukuru kuva, kunyangwe, indekisi yenyika yekusimudzira, nekudaro kukosha kweiyi indasitiri kunomuka kuti vamwe vanokanganisa vanotenda kuti yakabatana chete nekudyiwa nevanhu, kunyangwe munyu unoshandiswa zvimwe zvakawanda, sekureva kweAmerican Salt Institute , pane zvinopfuura zviuru gumi nezvina zvinoshandiswa.
Salinera Española: Anopfuura makore zana achishandisa munyu
Imwe yemakambani anozivikanwa zvikuru iSpain Salt Mines, yakavambwa muna 1878, kubvira ipapo yakashandisa zvimbambaira zvakasiyana zvemunyu munharaunda yenyika. Parizvino nhaka inobereka yekambani inoumbwa neSalinas de Ibiza neSalinas de San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia).
Mumakumi emakore ekutanga ezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, uye nekuda kwekukosha kwemunyu muindasitiri yekuredza (salting cod, canning vessels, uye salting zvakajairika), kambani yaive nemapazi kunze kwenyika. Newfoundland (Canada) uye Calcutta (India) akange ari mamwe eakakodzera marongero enguva ino.
Kunyangwe uchienderera mberi nekutamba rakakosha basa mu Indasitiri yekuredza, kuoneka kwemidziyo yefriji uye firiji yemagetsi zvaive zvinhu zvakakonzera kudzikira kwekudyiwa kwemunyu muchikamu ichi, izvo zvakaratidza kuti kambani yakagadzirisa mutemo wayo wezvekutengesa, ichipinda mumisika mitsva ichangobuda yakadai seye machira, kemikari, mishonga, mishonga. chikamu chekudya, kurapwa kwemvura, nezvimwe.
Naizvozvi, misika mitsva yakavhurwa muNorway, Faroe Island (Denmark), Iceland kana United Kingdom, ayo ari, mumakore achangopfuura, nyika dzinoenda kunze kwenyika.
Nezve musika wepasirese, kuvapo kwayo kwakasimbiswa muzvikamu zvakakosha zveindasitiri yekuSpain yakawedzera. Nekuda kwekudyara kwakasimba kwakaitwa muSalinas de San Pedro del Pinatar, vakave mamwe emafekitori emazuva ano uye epamberi pachiitiko chenyika maererano nechikafu uye kushandiswa kwemunyu.
Imwe kambani yakawedzera pasirese
Kana paine chigadzirwa chinoshandiswa pasi rese, ndiyo munyu, matura ayo anofungidzirwa kuti haaperi sezvo dura rayo rakakura kwazvo iri mvura yemakungwa nemakungwa. Imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu anoita kuti munyu uve wakasarudzika maitiro ayo ekuwana zvisikwa, nekuti mukugadzirwa kwayo kwemaindasitiri sosi senge kupisa kwezuva uye kinetics yemhepo.
Zvichienderana nenhamba dzinoona kugadzirwa kwemunyu, zvinoratidza shanduko yenguva dzose mugore rapfuura. Parizvino, muSpain kugadzirwa kwemunyu inovhara zvinodiwa zvekushandisa mudzimba uye, saizvozvowo, zvinotibvumidza isu kuti tirambe takasimba chinzvimbo chepasi rose senyika inotumira kunze
Imwe yemakambani ane zvibereko zvakanyanya munzvimbo ino pasi rose Mexico, nyika ine migodhi yemunyu muBaja California Sur. Kugadzirwa kwesaline mukati meMexico kunonyanya kuiswa mumatunhu maviri: Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur neMerida, Yucatán. Yekutanga inomira nekutora chinzvimbo chemugodhi wemunyu muhombe pasi rese uye nevazhinji vanogadzira munyu.
Panyaya yekutengesa kunze kwenyika, munyu unotumirwa kubva kuMexico kuenda kunzvimbo huru dzekushandisa muPacific basin, senge Japan, Korea, United States, Canada, Taiwan neNew Zealand. Mexico iri pachinhanho chechinomwe mukugadzirwa kwesaline pasirese uye yekutanga muLatin America, ichigadzira matani anosvika zviuru mazana masere nemazana mashanu emunyu pagore.