Yakanyudzwa munyika izere nezvinooneka uye zvisinganzwisisike zvinoreva, kuda kuziva chirevo chega chega chinosanganisira chinhu kana chiitiko chinowanzoitika, pamwe ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu emunhu anofanira kutumidza zvese zvaanoona, kunzwa kana kufunga.
Mupfungwa iyi, izwi rekuti nhoroondo rinobatanidza zvirevo zvakasiyana zvichienderana nenzira dzinoritsanangura uye zvakasiyana zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kuguma kwemifungo inopihwa kuzwi rimwe chete. Nhasi, isu taida kugadzira mabara mu polysemy yenhoroondo uye mashandisiro ayo akasiyana.
Zvinorevei polysemy?
Mukuparara kwetymological kweshoko iri, tinoona kuti, "poly" zvinoreva zvakawanda, uye "semia" zvinoreva zvakafanana muchiGiriki; ndipo ipapo polysemy ndizvo zvinoreva zvakasiyana zvinogona kunzi zvine pfungwa kana mazwi.
Saka a izwi rine polysemic hunhu, Ndiyo imwe ine zvirevo zvakawanda uye imwe nzira yekuinyora
Chii chinonzi nhoroondo?
Nhoroondo ine nguva dzakasiyana dzehunhu hwakarongeka sekuranga kana sainzi, chinangwa chayo chikuru kudzidza kwezviitiko zvakapfuura zvinosanganisira vanhu.
Izvo zvinosanganisirawo kutaurwa kwekutaurirana kwakanyorwa kusvika zvino
Nhoroondo yakabatana nefilosofi yekuve, yemufaro wekuferefeta uye kunzwisisa akasiyana masisitimu echimiro ehunhu zvichienderana nenongedzo.
Vamwe vanowana iyo nhoroondo pfungwa sechirongwa chekunzwisisa nguva dzinoumba nzanga uye kuona mamwe maitiro nedzidziso.
Semuenzaniso, mukuonekwa kwemibvunzo iripo nezve mavambo ezvisikwa, nzira dzakasiyana dzinogona kushandiswa kuongorora nhoroondo uye kusvika pamhedziso yekuti mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu inova iyo chikonzero chekuve.
Chii chinonzi polysemy yenyaya yacho?
Isu tinoziva, saka, ne polysemy yenhoroondo ye akawanda mafungidziro anogona kuva neshoko renhoroondo. Tese tinosimudzwa pasi peyakaomesesa uye yekuzviisa lens iyo inoongorora iro izwi zvichibva pane zvakaitika kune iyo system yetsinga nayo, ndiko kuti, huropi hunogashira zvinokonzeresa nevekunze zvikamu kupa chirevo kumazwi anogona kunge aine tsananguro dzakasiyana, mune iyi nyaya , iro izwi nhoroondo.
Chokwadi chinotaurwa riini munhoroondo?
Polysemy chaizvo nekuti ndicho chinhu chekududzirwa kwakawanda, dzimwe nguva chinoshaya nharo. Izvo zvakakwana kuti uve netsika uye nehunhu zvakakwana kuti ugone kugadzira imwe yechokwadi nhoroondo nhoroondo.
Pazasi iwe uchaona zvirevo zvakasiyana izvo inogona kuve nenyaya ye polysemy zvichienderana nenzvimbo kana chikamu chazvinobatsira.
1. Maererano nedzidzo yesainzi nehunhu
Kubva pane zvinyorwa
Dzidza mabasa akanyorwa mu imwe nguva yenguva zvisinei nekuti zvaive zvakapfuura zvevanhu kana kwete. Izvo zvirimo zvebasa ndizvo zvakakosha zvakanyanya kana zvasvika pakuongorora kwegirama.
Nenzira iyi, akasiyana matanho ezvinyorwa uye pesvedzero yavo pahunhu hwemagariro emunhu zvinogona kutsanangurwa chaizvo.
Natural
Mazhinji matavi esainzi anosanganisira chirevo ichi, zvese biology, zoology, botany, hydrography, biochemistry, ecology, nyeredzi uye mamwe masainzi ayo anodzidza hupenyu hwezvisikwa, kunyangwe fizikiki pachayo inowira muchikamu ichi.
pasi rose
Kubva kuBig Bang kana kusikwa kwePasi rose mumazuva manomwe, kusvika kumasekondi atanga tichiverenga chinyorwa ichi. Rudzi urwu rwezvakaitika runopindirana nemaitiro ese ekushanduka anosanganisira munhu netsika dzake
Zvezvitendero
Ngano, shamanic, zvemweya, zvechitendero maitiro uye zvese zvine chekuita nesimba remweya rekuve. Zvakare netsika dzakasiyana dzinokanganisa kuraira.
Antigua
Ndiyo danho pakati pekutanga uye Middle Ages, ndiko kudzidza kwenzvimbo dzekare dzaisanganisira iyi nhambo. Kugadzirwa kwecalligraphy, mabviro ehurumende yekutanga nemitemo, uye nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuvakwa kwemaguta.
Zvemhizha
Yakanyanya kunaka, inosanganisira ese aesthetic maitiro akagadzirwa nemunhu; dzidza nguva dzese dzehunyanzvi pasi peiyo lens yekushongedza. Architecture, zvivezwa, zvinyorwa, mumhanzi, pendi, theatre, uye humwe hunyanzvi zvinoumba pfungwa yeiyo nhoroondo nhoroondo
Muchidzidzo ichi, munhu anokosheswa semunhu weuzivi anokwanisa uye anoziva kuburitsa pfungwa dzisingaonekwe uye nekugona kudzitaurirana nezvezvinhu zvekunze kuburikidza nedzidziso idzi.
Nhoroondo yekugadzira graphic, iyo yekuvandudza kwemaindasitiri, kushandiswa kweiyo poster, nhoroondo ye cinema, kutora mifananidzo, avant-garde uye zvimwe zvenguva ino zvirimo zvinosanganisirwa mukati medzvenhoroondo yeunyanzvi.
Ungwaru
Iyi nyaya ine simbiso kunyanya kune vekare vafungi vakaita saAristotle, Plato, Galileo, Socrates kana Pythagoras. Izvo zvinosanganisirawo vafungi vesainzi saNewton, Copernicus, Leonardo Da Vinci, Benjamin Franklin, Louis Pasteur, Nikola Tesla, Albert Einstein kana Stephen Hawking.
Kiriniki
Izwi iri izvese data uye zvinopesana nemurwere, zvinoenderana nemazita ekurapa ayo anotsanangura kumwe kusagadzikana, kuongororwa uye chero mhando bvunzo yatove kuitwa pamunhu.
Sezvinoreva zvakafanana nemamwe mazwi
Izvo hazvigare zvine chirevo chakaomarara icho chinofambidzana nacho, sechirevo chezvimwe pfungwa tinogona kuchiwana nenzira dzinotevera:
Nhoroondo-yapfuura
Mumutauro wakawandisa izvi zvinozivikanwa izwi rakanangana nezvakare kutaura nezvechiitiko chakatoitika, semuenzaniso, "yedu yatopfuura", zvakare inosanganisira madimikira mumazwi kana mazwi.
Nyaya-rondedzero
Semhando yekunyora, nyaya yacho inogona kutaurwa senge rondedzero, semuenzaniso: "Pane imwe nguva, nyaya yaPedro, mukomana akanaka uye akanyarara aifarira kufamba munzira dzesango…".
Nhoroondo-chokwadi
Ichi chikamu chinoverengerwa sechiitiko chinoenda chaiko kune chiitiko pakati pevanhu vaviri, semuenzaniso: "inyaya imwecheteyo nyaya", "Ndine nyaya yekukuudza".
Nhoroondo-pembedzo
Zvakare mune zvakajairika mazwi, chirevo ichi chinoshandiswa kureva mumwe munhu anogara aine mhinduro yekunzvenga mabasa avo, semuenzaniso: "zvakare iwe une nyaya imwe chete", "mira nyaya", "usauye nenyaya".
Nyaya yerudo
Inoshandiswa zvakare mumazwi akawandisa kureva hukama hwepachivande pakati pevanhu vaviri, semuenzaniso: "inyaya ipi yakanaka yavakazvipinza", "inhau yakasarudzika".