Zviyero zvemuviri zvese izvi kuyerwa uye kuwanda hunhu hunogona kuve nemiviri yenyama, iyo inogona kuve yakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri, huwandu hwakakosha hunogona kuwanikwa zvakazvimiririra, uye zvigadzirwa zvichibva pane zvakapfuura.
Masayendisiti epanyama anoenderana nechikamu chikuru pakuyedza, nekuti sainzi mune fungidziro dzinoda kuyedzwa kuratidza ruzivo, umo hukuru hwese hunoonekwa, sezvo hwakajairika mune izvi zviedzo.
Mukutaura kwemuviri, ukuru ihwohwo chivakwa icho chinhu, zvinhu kana muviri wepanyama unazvo zvinogona kuyerwa uye kuyerwa, senge huremu, kureba kana vhoriyamu, izvo zvinoita kuti uwane data rinodiwa kubva kwavari.
Mhedzisiro yakanaka, isu tinopfuurira kuyera, iyo inosanganisira enzanisa ukurus nemamwe akafanana, ayo anowanzo kunzi mauniti, ayo anopa mhedzisiro iri nani pakuyedza
Mauniti ihwo huwandu hunoshandiswa segwara rekuyera humwe huwandu hwerudzi rumwe chete, senge pakuyera chinhu chinonzi chine makirogiramu maviri, icho chakapetwa kaviri chinhu chakatorwa sechiyero, inova iyo kirogiramu.
Munguva dzakapfuura 1960, hukuru hwakasiyana hwaishandiswa mupasi rese, saka mugore irori, pamusangano wegumi nerimwe wemusangano mukuru wezviyero nezviyero muParis, kwaizodaidzwa kuti hukuru hwepasirese hwakatumidzwa pasi rose. .
Kutanga, huwandu hwakakosha hwakatsanangurwa, sezvo dzakazvimiririra, kuti gare gare dzisarudze kuti ndezvipi zvichatora, zvinoenderana nezvapfuura kuti zviverengerwe kana kuyerwa.
Zvino zvave kuzivikanwa kuti ndiwo hukuru, zviyero zvekuyera, zvayakaitirwa uye kuti kuyerwa kunoitwa sei, uye kuti iwo ari mayuniti, zviri nyore kwazvo kunzwisisa kuti hukuru hwakakosha uye hwakatorwa huchave chii, zvakare mashandisiro avo.
Ndezvipi zvakakosha?
Idzi ndidzo dzakajairika uye hombe zvikamu zveyero yezvivakwa zvemuviri wepanyama, izvo kana zvabatanidzwa zvinogadzira huwandu hwakatorwa. Uku kukura kwakasarudzwa nenyika dzepasi rese dzezvikwata kana kuzivikanwa zviri nani neSI, iyo yakapa zvikamu zvinomwe zvakakura, kureba, tembiricha, nguva, kupenya kwechiedza, huwandu hwezvinhu uye kusimba kwazvino, imwe neimwe iine chimwe cheizvi chikamu chayo chekuenzanisa uye mucherechedzo wayo unozviratidza.
Misa
Icho chivakwa chakazara chechinhu, icho chinoyera huwandu hwezvinhu izvo muviri pachawo unazvo, uchishandisa iyo kilogiramu seyuniti iyo ine Kg sechiratidzo, izvi zvinowanikwa neinertia yayo, sezvo iri iyo yekumhanyisa iyo ine simba paari.
Kureba
Izvi zvinowanikwa nekuva nepfungwa pfupi yekureba kwechinhu, inova metric pfungwa, iyo yakatsanangurwa nekuziva chinhambwe chemuviri wejometri, iyo isingafanire kuvhiringidzika, nekuti iyo urefu ichagara iri yakakura kudarika daro yakapihwa, ndicho chiyero mudivi rimwe chete.
Sekureva kwaAlbert Einstein, kureba haisi chivakwa chakatsanangurwa, nekuti miviri yese yemuviri inogona kuyerwa, uye zvichienderana neanoona, mhedzisiro dzakasiyana dzinogona kuwanikwa.
Mamiriro okunze
Iyo inzvimbo yepanyama iyo zviitiko zvinoitika zvinotsanangurwa, izvo zvinogona kupatsanurwa kuita zvakapfuura, ramangwana uye chechitatu icho chisiri chezvakataurwa pamusoro, izvo zvainzi zviripo. Kutenda neizvi, zviitiko zvinogona kurairwa uye kunyangwe nguva yavo yakatemwa.
Chidimbu chekukura uku ndechepiri chinomiririrwa nes, bhii guru kana chidimbu chechidimbu hachifanirwe kushandiswa nekuti mucherechedzo wazvo uye unoenderana ndicho chakaratidzwa pekutanga.
Kupisa
Ihwo hukuru hwakavakirwa pachikero chinotsanangurwa nesimba remukati remuviri we thermodynamic, kana ichitaurwa nenzira yepanyama, ichizikanwawo sekuti chivakwa chinoyera kuburikidza nethermometer, iyo inowanzo kupisa.
Iwo mayunifomu e tembiricha ayo masisitimu epasi rose emayuniti akatsanangurwa seakakosha, ndiKelvin anofananidzirwa naK, kunyangwe mukuyedza kwesainzi zvikamu zvetembiricha zvakati zvinowanzo shandiswa, chinonyanya kufarirwa kuve Celsius kana degrees centigrade, uye Fahrenheit kuUS.
Kupenya kwakasimba
Iyo inotsanangurwa sehuwandu hwekupenya kunoyerera uko muviri kana chinhu chemuviri chinowanikwa pachikamu chimwe nechimwe chekona yakasimba, yuniti yacho ndiyo candela inomiririrwa neCd yakapihwa nehurongwa hwepasi rose hweyuniti.
Chinongedzo chemwenje sosi inonzi iyo inoburitsa simba rayo yechiedza mumativi ese zvakaenzana, senge marambi, kune rumwe rutivi, avo vane luminescence inosiyana zvichienderana nekona yedivi rinotariswa uye negwara kwaro, kwavanodaidzwa kunzi Lambert inoratidzira pamusoro.
Huwandu hwezvinhu
Iyo inotsanangurwa sehuwandu hwezvinhu zviripo mune chinhu kana muviri wenyama, zvinoenderana nechikamu cheuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasarudzwa, zvinogona kukanganisa kugara kwakaringana, uko kune mole seyakagadzika unit, iyo inotsanangurwa sehuwandu hwe chinhu chine muviri wenyama.
Amperage
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekufamba kwemitero mairi, ayo anowanzo kuve maerekitironi, kunova kuyerera kwemagetsi emagetsi izvo zvinhu zvinogona kufamba, izvi zvinonziwo kuyerera, inova huwandu hwemari pachikamu chenguva. Zvikamu zvaro ampere zvinomiririrwa naA.
Chishandiso chine chikamu ichi chakayerwa uye kuyerwa ndiyo galvanometer, iyo kana yakayerwa muamperes inozivikanwa seammeter.
Kune ukuru hukuru zvakare kune iyo isingagumi system yemayuniti ayo anogona kushandiswa kuyera huremu, kureba uye nguva, imwe neimwe iine yayo yakatarisana yekugumira unit iyo icharatidzwa pazasi.
- Misa: kune izvi gramu (g) inoshandiswa
- Kureba: masentimita (cm) anoshandiswa kuyera chivakwa ichi
- Nguva: kana uchiyera imwe huwandu hwehukuru uhu, yechipiri (s) inoshandiswa
Ndezvipi zvakatorwa?
Iyi ndiyo mhedzisiro yemubatanidzwa wezvakawanda zvakakosha, zvichipa izvi zvigadzirwa semhedzisiro, pakati pazvo pane akati wandei, asi zvakajairika isimba, simba, kumhanyisa, huwandu, huwandu uye kuwanda.
Kuti uwane hukuru uhu, zvinodikanwa kuti ubatanidze maviri kana anopfuura akakosha hukuru, semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kuwana simba, unofanirwa kuwedzera huwandu nehurefu uye wozokamura kaviri nenguva.
Aya makuru anewo zvikamu zvawo, zvinova zvinotevera:
- Simba: Newton (N) inoshandiswa
- Energy: kune izvi iyo Julio (J) inoshandiswa
- Kumhanyisa: iyo mita pamusoro pechipiri chakapetwa (m / s2) inoshandiswa
- Bhuku: cubic mita (m3) inoshandiswa
- Kuwandisa: Mune izvi tinoshandisa kilogiramu pa cubic mita (kg / m3)
- Frequency: nekuda kweiyi hertz (Hz) inoshandiswa
Kune akawanda eaya, nekuti kunyange anopfuura maviri maviri akakosha ehuwandu anogona kusanganiswa, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa zvivakwa senge molar vhoriyamu, kumanikidza, magetsijaji, magnetic flux, inductance, pakati pevamwe vazhinji.