Aggression is an action with the intention of harming someone, It can be through a physical or verbal attack, insults or threats, it also seems to be a way of maintaining social order among many animal species.
There are two types of aggression: la instrumental and the hostile, the first is directed to reach a goal and the hostile seeks to harm someone else.
Self-control is essential for the ability to regulate behavior and the ability to inhibit actions that interfere with a goal, begins to form around two years of life It is a skill of great importance for daily life and fundamental in socialization. Lack of self-control is associated with higher levels of aggression.
Heredity and the environment determine human behavior, it results from the mixture between these, so aggressive behavior has genetic and environmental causes:
Biological bases:
-The Hipothalamus plays an important role in aggressiveness, according to multiple investigations, a stimulation in its lateral area can provoke an aggression and a stimulation in its medial area can cause an affective aggression, as well as one in its dorsal area, can generate a flight response.
-Ltonsila is related to defensive behaviors, such as anger or aggression, injuries in this area generate a decrease in aggressiveness and emotional excitability.
-Gonadal hormones like testosterone, they are also closely related to aggression.
-Serotonin in low doses it reduces the Low doses of serotonin lower the ability to handle the ability to control emotional states, it is believed that by reducing this neurotransmitter, It also reduces the ability to feel empathy, which helps control violent impulses.
The ethologist Lorenz speaks of instinct in animal behavior, he says that it is related to four main drives that are the fear, hunger, aggression and sex and that these drives vary between species.
Fenvironmental actors
There are theories that indicate that aggressive behavior is learned through various factors such as association, (learning stimulus response), instrumental or operant conditioning (rewards increase one answer), aSocial learning (By observation o imitation), oaPsychogenetic learning.
According to Bandaura, the manifestations of aggression vary according to age. Preschoolers often hit, bite, or kick, are defiant, oppositional, destructive, and intolerant. Aggression levels decrease with age chen the children are becoming more empathetic.
Men tend to make more use of the type of physical aggression, while women make more use of verbal and relational aggression.
Se knows that aggressiveness has multifactorial causes. In children, it is important to focus on prevention factors, such as: promote respect for others, valuation of differences, keep a relationship of dialogue with them, monitor the television programs to which they are exposed, promote healthy recreational activities and teach them to control their aggressive impulses.