Humanity has always been curious about everything that develops in its surroundings and since the beginning of thought, the functioning of the processes that take place daily in the environment of human beings has been studied in a certain way. Today he calls it science since the word implies the study and attempt to understand anything through a system known as the scientific method.
The main objective of science is to get answers to the unknowns that arise through society and life, which serve to improve people's lifestyles.
In order to carry out the scientific method when carrying out an investigation, it is necessary to ask several questions and questions that are known as hypotheses in the professional field, with which an attempt is made to observe the problem from different points of view until reaching a common goal that It is the solution to the problem.
Science has some characteristics that are extremely necessary to be able to carry out a scientific process such as research, for example because the systems and methods used to ensure that a work has a positive end for scientists, regardless of the field they are .
Science is factual, methodical, analytical, cumulative, systematic, open, verifiable, general, provisional, and specialized. All the aforementioned are the main characteristics and to take into account when applying science to any area.
What is science?
Science is a set of ordered systems of knowledge that seek to study, interpret and investigate the phenomena that may occur in different environments of life, such as social, natural and artificial.
The Scientists are those people who apply the scientific method to their research and studies in order to interpret and solve problems that are presented by using hypotheses in order to solve the main problem.
It is said that the only way for a person to acquire scientific knowledge is through the use of experiments and observations in strictly specific areas, which must be structured and organized according to the basis of its explanatory principles in only two ways, the theoretical or the explanatory. After having done the aforementioned, the hypotheses and the problem statements begin from different points of view in order to start with what would be the scientific method as such.
With the application of the scientific method, the different laws and schematic systems that make science so characteristic and those who apply it, scientists, have been generated.
The science relies heavily on the assumption of facts through hypotheses that are assumptions of how a given object or situation might affect another in order to take into account all the possible results that could be caused by the action of any substance or object at a specific time, to then run a physical test that is normally done in field investigations to be able to refute whether a theory or law is true or it is simply an unfounded belief.
Science classification
Science is a modern way of calling the studies and research carried out in different fields to the questions and mysteries that the world has, and this can be seen if one investigates a little in history, focusing on the time of Aristotle. when ancient Greece was standing.
In those pre-renaissance times, scientists they were known by a very different name, which was philosophers, and is that knowledge that was not technical or artistic were classified as philosophy which was universal knowledge because it was considered to be total.
Aristotle was a very important character in this world, and according to his criteria, knowledge could be divided into three arts: theory, praxis and poiesis.
- Theory: It is when the truth is sought regarding an idea by focusing on putting it as a form or as a substance. The sciences that were involved in this form of knowledge were those that had knowledge for the sake of knowledge, such as metaphysics, mathematics, physics, among others.
- Practice: it is a practical knowledge that is used to direct attitudes and facts towards a properly human behavior, among which we can observe politics, ethics, economics, among others
- poiesis: most of all you can see artistic art in this type such as crafts, music, as well as the production of goods with materials.
At present, a simpler and more general classification can be observed than encompasses various types of sciences in a single one of greater size that has the capacity to put in it several of the existing ones, among them are the social, natural and formal sciences.
- Social science: The sciences of this style focus as the main research objective on human beings and everything that is related to their lifestyle and their development.
- Natural Science: It seeks to investigate and study all natural phenomena or that can be considered within this field, such as elements, environments, and even space.
- Formal science: formal sciences are a completely different type of study from the previous ones because they do not have a specific content because they are neither factual nor empirical. Among them you can see mathematics and logic.
With the passage of time, science has taken different names from different points of view that have been changing according to the evolution of civilization and therefore the thinking of human beings, and it is very likely that the changes due will continue in the future. It is uncertain whether the way we see the world today will be the same as 200 years from now.
Science features
Science has certain unique characteristics of it, and it must be taken into account that if at any time you want to carry out a procedure in which the use of the scientific method is merited, and it does not have or has any of the characteristics that here they are going to be shown then the idea that science is being applied at that particular moment should be completely discarded.
There are ten characteristics of science that perfectly describe it, and for this reason scientific studies are always:
Open
In studies there have always been changes and there will always be, that is why science will always be open about changing its borders and barriers because, just as the world changed from the time of Aristotle until today, it can turn it around. to do two hundred years from now.
Verifiable
The scientific method is very demanding in terms of its implementation and practice in any field, it is for this reason that there must be a contrast through a demonstration and experimentation so that the scientific content is verifiable.
Cumulative
Theories are like walls that are built little by little over the years through the discovery of new pieces that are intertwined as new studies are carried out. No data is ever discarded in science, which is why it is said to be cumulative.
Methodical
As is well known after having read the article, to make use of science it is necessary to use the scientific method because it is thanks to this set of systematized knowledge that science can be carried out in an organized and specifically perfect way, within what is possible, since science is based mostly on trial and error.
Factual
These types of studies are characterized because they are always based on facts that are seen after conclusive investigations or tests, because if it were to base everything that it implies on simple assumptions, it would never reach a coherent conclusion.
Specialized
There are many branches of science that deserve a more centralized study and for that reason a specialization is needed because they can host so much content that studying them widely becomes a little more complicated.
Provisional
The statements that are made after an investigation should never be taken as a final and concrete result because science is very provisional, which means that it is always open to change.
Systematic
Scientific knowledge systems are all interconnected, forming as a unified base of everything that is being collected. Thanks to this systematization it is possible to structure an investigation completely.
Analytics
In research, problems are usually observed that are really difficult to understand, therefore analysis must be used as the main tool to be able to use the scientific method.
Generalists
After investigating the problems separately, a scheme is made with all the possible solutions or hypotheses to collect all the information in an orderly fashion, but the important thing about this is not the information as such, but to generalize it in order to understand what is causing the problem.
The characteristics of science are the components that make research of this type considered scientific processes, and as it could be observed, they are the general structure of the processes that must be carried out, because if one of these characteristics is not followed when practicing the scientific method, a good practice of the studies would not be carried out. .